La nube y su mudanza en el surrealismo.

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Estudio de factibilidad centro de servicios de belleza Palacio Rosa en el centro de Pereira 2017

Un gran porcentaje de los centros de bellezas en la actualidad aún se dedican sólo a la prestación de los servicios tradicionales en el sector, desaprovechando la oportunidad de generar nuevos ingresos prestando diferentes servicios, donde se logre optimizar el tiempo invertido de los clientes y generar mayor confort, asimismo logrando una reducción significativa a los altos niveles de estrés presentados en la sociedad actual. Para empezar se elaborará un estudio de mercado que permita identificar la real demanda que tienen los servicios de belleza en la sociedad, y poder establecer la aceptación que puede llegar a tener el portafolio de servicios renovado que brindará Palacio Rosa, después de lo cual se identificarán los requerimientos técnicos y logísticos para la óptima prestación de dichos servicios, seguido del diseño administrativo y legal del montaje de este tipo de negocios, y así poder estimar la factibilidad financiera del centro de servicios de belleza Palacio Rosa. Como consecuencia del siguiente trabajo se podrá establecer la factibilidad de la creación del centro de belleza y así aprovechar la oportunidad de negocio que trae el mezclar servicios de belleza con la optimización del tiempo de las personas, por consiguiente, se pretende plantear un nuevo estilo de prestación de un servicio que es tradición y altamente demandado en la sociedad.A large percentage of beauty centers are currently still dedicated only to the provision of traditional services in the sector, missing the opportunity to generate new revenue by providing different services, where it is possible to optimize the time spent by customers and generate more comfort, also achieving a significant reduction to the high levels of stress presented in today's society. To begin with, a market study will be drawn up to identify the real demand that beauty services have in society, and to establish the acceptance that the renewed portfolio of services that Palacio Rosa will provide will have, after which they will be identified the technical and logistical requirements for the optimal provision of said services, followed by the administrative and legal design of the assembly of this type of business, and thus be able to estimate the financial feasibility of the Rosa Rosa beauty services center. As a consequence of the following work, it will be possible to establish the feasibility of creating the beauty center and thus take advantage of the business opportunity that brings the mixing of beauty services with the optimization of people's time, therefore, it is intended to propose a new style of provision of a service that is tradition and highly demanded in society

Realidad Aumentada como herramienta en la enseñanza~ aprendizaje de geometría básica

El presente artículo expone las primeras etapas de un proyecto de investigación sobre la implementación de Realidad Aumentada como herramienta dinamizadora en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la geometría básica secundaria que está siendo efectuado por el semillero de investigación GEMA de la Universidad Católica de Pereira. La investigación tiene como fin descubrir las variables y factores a tener en cuenta para el desarrollo de software educativo que utilice esta tecnología. Los primeros avances se han realizado al interior de una de las instituciones de educación básica de la ciudad de Pereira y se han obtenido importantes resultados que permiten vislumbrar los beneficios de la implementación de esta tecnología en las aulas de clase. A continuación se abordarán los referentes teóricos, metodologías y técnicas para la recolección de datos utilizada.AbstractThis paper presents the first stages of a research project on the implementation of Augmented Reality as revitalizing tool in the teaching and learning of secondary basic geometry that is being conducted by the GEMA research hotbed of Universidad Católica de Pereira. The research aims to discover the variables and factors to consider for the development of educational software that uses this technology. The first steps have been made into one of basic education institutions in the city of Pereira and important results have been obtained that allow a glimpse of the benefits of implementing this technology in the classroom. The following will address the theoretical framework, methodologies and techniques for data collection used.Keywords: Augmented Reality, Teaching and Learning, Interactivity, ICT, Educatio

Regulation of the use of marijuana in colombia with medicinal purposes

Objetivo: Interpretar el proceso de regulación del uso de marihuana con fines medicinales. Materiales y métodos: Cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico, utiliza la técnica de entrevista, se aplicó a 15 expertos en octubre de 2015. Se hizo triangulación: expertos, artículos científicos e investigadores. Se realizó interpretación a partir de sistema categorial y de apoyo de programa Atlas. Ti. Resultados: El debate sobre la regulación de la marihuana con fines terapéuticos se continúa dando en el mundo, en especial en relación a los beneficios para la salud. Con el uso de algunos cannabinoides ya existen evidencias, pero expertos consultados reconocen que no son suficientes; en estos casos se recomienda más investigación. Los expertos de diversas disciplinas entrevistados respaldan el argumento que con la prohibición poco se ha conseguido y que los enfoques de salud pública traen una apertura científica no represiva a la situación, situando el debate en los posibles beneficios que puede traer para el tratamiento de algunas enfermedades. Estos procesos regulatorios deben considerar un control sobre la producción, fabricación, exportación, distribución, comercio y uso del cannabis con fines médicos e investigativos; proceso distinto al de la legalización del consumo con fines recreativos. Conclusión: Para el caso colombiano, la regulación del cannabis con fines medicinales hasta hace unos meses era solo una discusión con posiciones radicalizadas a favor y en contra. Hoy es una realidad en términos de legislación pues fue aprobada por decreto, pero con escaso debate y acción pedagógica de lo que implica la ley para población.Objective: To understand the process of regulating the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes. Materials and Methods: Hermeneutical method with qualitative approach, using the interview technique, applied to fifteen experts in October 2015. Interpretation was performed from categorical system and support of Atlas.ti bar program. Results: The debate on the regulation of marijuana for therapeutic purposes continuous sweeping the globe, particularly in relation to health benefits. With the use of some cannabinoids there is some evidence, but experts consulted recognize that they are not sufficient in these cases: further investigation is recommended. The interviewed experts from different disciplines support the arguments that the ban imposed over marijuana little has achieved and that public health approaches bring a non-repressive scientific openness to the situation, placing the debate on the potential benefits it can bring for the treatment of some diseases. These regulatory processes must consider control over the production, manufacture, export, distribution, sale and use of cannabis for medical and research purposes, other than the legalization of recreational use process. Conclusion: For the Colombian case, the regulation of cannabis for medicinal purposes, until a few months ago was just an argument with radicalized positions for and against. Today it is reality as it was approved by decree on which progress in terms of legislation is being done, but with little debate, research and information to the population

The Type IV Secretion System of ICEAfe1: Formation of a Conjugative Pilus in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The dispersal of mobile genetic elements and their gene cargo relies on type IV secretion systems (T4SS). In this work the ICEAfe1 Tra-type T4SS nanomachine, encoded in the publicly available genome of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270TY, was characterized in terms of its organization, conservation, expression and mating bridge formation. Twenty-one conjugative genes grouped in four genetic clusters encode the ICEAfe1 T4SS, containing all the indispensable functions for the formation and stabilization of the pili and for DNA processing. The clusters’ organization resembles that of other mobile genetic elements (such as plasmids and integrative and conjugative elements–ICEs). Sequence conservation, genetic organization and distribution of the tra system in the genomes of other sequenced Acidithiobacillus spp. suggests that the ICEAfe1 T4SS could mediate the lateral gene transfer between related bacteria. All ICEAfe1 T4SS genes are transcriptionally active and expressed from four independent operons. The transcriptional levels of selected marker genes increase in response to Mitomycin C treatment, a DNA damage elicitor that has acknowledged stimulatory effects on excision rates and gene expression of other ICEs, including ICEAfe1. Using a tailor-made pilin-antiserum against ICEAfe1 T4SS TraA pilin and epifluorescence microscopy, the presence of the conjugative pili on the cell surface of A. ferrooxidans could be demonstrated. Additionally, immunodetection assays, by immunogold, allowed the identification of pili-like extracellular structures. Together, the results obtained in this work demonstrate that the ICEAfe1 T4SS is phylogenetically conserved within the taxon, is expressed at mRNA and protein levels in vivo in the A. ferrooxidans type strain, and produces a pili-like structure of extracellular and intercellular localization in this model acidophile, supporting its functionality. Additional efforts will be required to prove conjugation of the ICEAfe1 or parts of this element through the cognate T4SS

Consenso en el cribado de la retinopatía diabética

Artículo de revisión sobre el consenso en el cribado de la retinopatía diabética

Bioequivalence Study of Clonazepam 2 mg Tablets in Colombian Healthy Volunteers

RESUMEN: Con el fin de determinar la bioequivalencia de dos formulaciones de tabletas de 2 mg de clonazepam: Sedatril®/Clonazepam MK (Tecnoquímicas S. A., Cali, Colombia) como producto de prueba y Rivotril® (Roche Químicos e Farmacéuticas S. A., Río de Janeiro, Brasil), como producto de referencia, se realizó un estudio de bioequivalencia en 26 voluntarios sanos. Los productos de prueba y de referencia se administraron en condiciones de ayuno de acuerdo con un diseño cruzado aleatorio de dosis única, con dos secuencias, dos tratamientos y un período de lavado de 28 días. Las muestras de sangre se obtuvieron desde las 0 hasta las 96 horas después de la administración del medicamento. Los niveles plasmáticos de clonazepam se determinaron con un método validado por cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia con detección ultravioleta (HPLC/UV, siglas en inglés). Los parámetros farmacocinéticos ABC0-96, ABC0-∞, Cmax , Tmax, t1/2, and ke se determinaron de los perfiles plasmáticos concentración-tiempo por el método no compartimental. El test de bioequivalencia se realizó con los datos transformados a logaritmo natural (ln) de ABC0-∞ and Cmax. Los intervalos de confianza del 90% para la relación producto de prueba/producto de referencia fueron de 87,9% a 103,6% y 84,4% a 104,0%, respectivamente. Estos resultados estuvieron dentro de los rangos de aceptación del 80,0% al 125%, establecidos por la FDA y se concluyó que ambos productos son bioequivalentes.ABSTRACT: In order to determine the bioequivalence of two formulations of clonazepam 2 mg tablets: Sedatril® / Clonazepam MK (Tecnoquímicas S. A., Cali, Colombia) as a test product and Rivotril® (Roche Químicos e Farmacêuticas S. A., Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) as a reference product, a bioavailability study was performed in 26 healthy volunteers. Test and reference products were administered under fasting conditions following a single dose, two-sequences, two treatments, crossover randomized design with a 28-day-washout period. Blood samples were obtained from 0 to 96 hours after dosing. Plasma clonazepam levels were determined by a validated high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection method (HPLC/UV). ABC0-96, ABC0-∞, Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, and ke , pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma level-time profiles by a noncompartmental method. ln-trasformed ABC0-∞ and Cmax were tested for bioequivalence. 90%-confidence intervals for test/reference ratio of these parameters were 87.9% to 103.6% and 84.4% to 104.0%, respectively. These results were within the FDA acceptance range of 80% to 125% and it was concluded that both products were bioequivalent

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362