RDF/S)XML Linguistic Annotation of Semantic Web Pages

Although with the Semantic Web initiative much research on web pages semantic annotation has already done by AI researchers, linguistic text annotation, including the semantic one, was originally developed in Corpus Linguistics and its results have been somehow neglected by AI. ..

RDF/S)XML Linguistic Annotation of Semantic Web Pages

Although with the Semantic Web initiative much research on web pages semantic annotation has already done by AI researchers, linguistic text annotation, including the semantic one, was originally developed in Corpus Linguistics and its results have been somehow neglected by AI. ..

ON THE LENGTH OF GULLIES IN THE SECTOR "COLINAS DE BELLAVISTA", ECUADOR

The studies were conducted on the territory of the equatorial Andes. The aim of the work was to determine the ratio of gully forms of various lengths on the key section. The authors used field research and the program ArcGIS 10.3 basing on the study of orthophotos. It is established that gully forms with a length of up to 50 m, constituting 37%, prevail. The gullies over 400 m long make only 8% of all erosion forms. Lateral short gullies retain the potential for peak growth as a result of regressive erosion. The work can be used in such scientific areas as fluvial geomorphology and soil protection from erosion.Key words:  erosion forms, equatorial  Andes, slop, regressive erosion, morphometric parametersкандидат  географических наук, Кравченко Р. А., Пареха  Э .С., Флорес  Й. Г., О длине оврагов в секторе  «COLINAS DE BELLAVISTA», ЭКВАДОР / Университет  УТЕ,  Эквадор, г. Кито; Российский  государственный  гидрометеорологический  университет, Российская федерация, Санкт-Петербург; Национальный  исследовательский  Томский  политехнический  университет, Российская федерация, ТомскИсследования проводились на территории экваториальных Анд. Целью работы было определение соотношения овражных форм различной длины на ключевом участке. Использовались программа ArcGIS 10.3 на основе изучения  ортофотоснимков, и проводились полевые исследования. Установлено, что преобладают овражные формы длиной до 50 м, составляющие 37 %. Овраги длиной свыше  400 м составляют лишь 8 % от всех эрозионных форм. Боковые короткие овраги сохраняют потенциальную возможность для вершинного прироста в результате регрессивной эрозии. Работа может быть использована в таких научных направлениях, как флювиальная геоморфология и защита почв от эрозии.Ключевые слова: эрозионные формы, экваториальные Анды, склон, регрессивная эрозия, морфометрические параметр

ON THE POTENTIAL DANGER OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LANDSLIDE PROCESSES IN THE AREA OF ZABALA, ECUADOR

The subject of research was the characteristics of the slopes and the processes acting as factors of the formation of landslides. The aim of the work was to analyze the potential danger of the development of landslide processes in the Zabala sector, in the equatorial Andes.  The morphometric method was used.It is established that the slopes with angles of inclination up to 15 ° constitute 27,8 % of the investigated area. Angles of inclination from 15 ° to 25 ° make 28,7 % of the area. From 25 ° to 45 ° - 40,8 %; and over 45 ° - 2,7 %. The factors that increase the risk of landslide development in the studied area are: steep angles of inclination of the surface, earthquakes, gully erosion, trimming of the lower part of the slope. The results of the work can be applied for assessment of  geomorphological risks.Key words:  slope, morphometric characteristics, geomorphological risks, equatorial Andes, steeply inclined кандидат  географических наук, Кравченко Р. А., Пареха  Э. С., Флорес  Й. Г. О потенциальной опасности развития оползневых процессов в зоне завала, Эквадор / Universidad  UTE,  Эквадор, г. Кито;  Российский государственный  гидрометеорологический университет, Российская федерация, Санкт-Петербург; Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет, Российская федерация, ТомскПредметом исследования являлись характеристики склонов и процессов, выступающих как факторы формирования оползней. Цель работы состояла в анализе потенциальной опасности развития оползневых процессов в секторе Завала, в экваториальных Андах. Использовался морфометрический метод. Установлено, что склоны с углами наклона до 15° составляют 27,8 % исследованной территории. Углы наклона от 15° до 25° имеет 28,7 %  площади. От 25° до 45° - 40,8 %; и свыше 45° - 2,7 %.Факторами увеличивающими опасность развития оползней на изученной территории являются: крутые углы наклона поверхности, землетрясения, овражная эрозия, подрезка нижней части склона. Результаты работы могут быть применены для оценки геоморфологических рисков.Ключевые слова: cклон, морфометрические характеристики, геоморфологические риски, экваториальные Анды, круто наклонные склоны

The ecology of plant chemistry and multi-species interactions in diversified agroecosystems

COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPOver the past few years, our knowledge of how ecological interactions shape the structure and dynamics of natural communities has rapidly advanced. Plant chemical traits play key roles in these processes because they mediate a diverse range of direct and917COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informação2014/50316-7sem informaçãoWe thank the editors of this Research Topic, in particular Massuo Jorge Kato and Lydia Fumiko Yamaguchi, for the invitation to contribute. We also thank the two reviewers and the editor TM for the valuable contributions in the revision process of the man

Equivalence of three-dimensional spacetimes

A solution to the equivalence problem in three-dimensional gravity is given and a practically useful method to obtain a coordinate invariant description of local geometry is presented. The method is a nontrivial adaptation of Karlhede invariant classification of spacetimes of general relativity. The local geometry is completely determined by the curvature tensor and a finite number of its covariant derivatives in a frame where the components of the metric are constants. The results are presented in the framework of real two-component spinors in three-dimensional spacetimes, where the algebraic classifications of the Ricci and Cotton-York spinors are given and their isotropy groups and canonical forms are determined. As an application we discuss Goedel-type spacetimes in three-dimensional General Relativity. The conditions for local space and time homogeneity are derived and the equivalence of three-dimensional Goedel-type spacetimes is studied and the results are compared with previous works on four-dimensional Goedel-type spacetimes.Comment: 13 pages - content changes and corrected typo

The Ecology of Plant Chemistry and Multi-Species Interactions in Diversified Agroecosystems

Over the past few years, our knowledge of how ecological interactions shape the structure and dynamics of natural communities has rapidly advanced. Plant chemical traits play key roles in these processes because they mediate a diverse range of direct and indirect interactions in a community-wide context. Many chemically mediated interactions have been extensively studied in industrial cropping systems, and thus have focused on simplified, pairwise and linear interactions that rarely incorporate a community perspective. A contrasting approach considers the agroecosystem as a functioning whole, in which food production occurs. It offers an opportunity to better understand how plant chemical traits mediate complex interactions which can enhance or hinder ecosystem functions. In this paper, we argue that studying chemically mediated interactions in agroecosystems is essential to comprehend how agroecosystem services emerge and how they can be guaranteed through ecosystem management. First, we discuss how plant chemical traits affect and are affected by ecological interactions. We then explore research questions and future directions on how studying chemical mediation in complex agroecosystems can help us understand the emergence and management of ecosystem services, specifically biological control and pollination

Sensitivity to Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescences Achieved during LIGO's Fifth and Virgo's First Science Run

We summarize the sensitivity achieved by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors for compact binary coalescence (CBC) searches during LIGO's fifth science run and Virgo's first science run. We present noise spectral density curves for each of the four detectors that operated during these science runs which are representative of the typical performance achieved by the detectors for CBC searches. These spectra are intended for release to the public as a summary of detector performance for CBC searches during these science runs.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using LIGO S5 science data

The gravitational-wave (GW) sky may include nearby pointlike sources as well as astrophysical and cosmological stochastic backgrounds. Since the relative strength and angular distribution of the many possible sources of GWs are not well constrained, searches for GW signals must be performed in a model-independent way. To that end we perform two directional searches for persistent GWs using data from the LIGO S5 science run: one optimized for pointlike sources and one for arbitrary extended sources. The latter result is the first of its kind. Finding no evidence to support the detection of GWs, we present 90% confidence level (CL) upper-limit maps of GW strain power with typical values between 2-20x10^-50 strain^2 Hz^-1 and 5-35x10^-49 strain^2 Hz^-1 sr^-1 for pointlike and extended sources respectively. The limits on pointlike sources constitute a factor of 30 improvement over the previous best limits. We also set 90% CL limits on the narrow-band root-mean-square GW strain from interesting targets including Sco X-1, SN1987A and the Galactic Center as low as ~7x10^-25 in the most sensitive frequency range near 160 Hz. These limits are the most constraining to date and constitute a factor of 5 improvement over the previous best limits.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure