Singular value decomposition on SIMD hypercube and shuffle-exchange computers

AbstractThis paper reports several parallel singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithms on the hypercube and shuffle-exchange SIMD computers. Unlike previously published hypercube SVD algorithms which map a column pair of a matrix onto a processor, the algorithms presented in this paper map a matrix column pair onto a column of processors. In this way, a further reduction in time complexity is achieved. The paper also introduces the concept of two-dimensional shuffle-exchange networks, and corresponding SVD algorithms for one-dimensional and two-dimensional shuffle-exchange computers are developed

Trypanosoma congolense Infections: Induced Nitric Oxide Inhibits Parasite Growth In Vivo

Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice infected intraperitoneally with 5 × 106 Trypanosoma congolense survive for more than 30 days. C57BL/6 mice deficient in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS−/−) and infected with 103 or 5 × 106 parasites do not control the parasitemia and survive for only 14 ± 7 or 6.8 ± 0.1 days, respectively. Bloodstream trypanosomes of iNOS−/− mice infected with 5 × 106 T. congolense had a significantly higher ratio of organisms in the S+G2+M phases of the cell cycle than trypanosomes in WT mice. We have reported that IgM anti-VSG-mediated phagocytosis of T. congolense by macrophages inhibits nitric oxide (NO) synthesis via CR3 (CD11b/CD18). Here, we show that during the first parasitemia, but not at later stages of infection, T. congolense-infected CD11b−/− mice produce more NO and have a significantly lower parasitemia than infected WT mice. We conclude that induced NO contributes to the control of parasitemia by inhibiting the growth of the trypanosomes

Atomic ionization by sterile-to-active neutrino conversion and constraints on dark matter sterile neutrinos with germanium detectors

The transition magnetic moment of a sterile-to-active neutrino conversion gives rise to not only radiative decay of a sterile neutrino, but also its non-standard interaction (NSI) with matter. For sterile neutrinos of keV-mass as dark matter candidates, their decay signals are actively searched for in cosmic X-ray spectra. In this work, we consider the NSI that leads to atomic ionization, which can be detected by direct dark matter experiments. It is found that this inelastic scattering process for a nonrelativistic sterile neutrino has a pronounced enhancement in the differential cross section at energy transfer about half of its mass, manifesting experimentally as peaks in the measurable energy spectra. The enhancement effects gradually smear out as the sterile neutrino becomes relativistic. Using data taken with germanium detectors that have fine energy resolution in keV and sub-keV regimes, constraints on sterile neutrino mass and its transition magnetic moment are derived and compared with those from astrophysical observations

Decentralized procurement mechanisms for efficient logistics services mapping - a design science research approach

Companies tend to outsource logistics services for flexibility or platform operating costs reduction. To do so, they typically use centralized platforms to delegate the services procurement process. However, those platforms can be prone to information asymmetries between carriers and shippers which can lead to sub-optimal procurement outcomes. A more transparent and efficient way to manage the procurement of logistics services between carriers and shippers could be a decentralized platform based on blockchain and smart contracts. In this paper, we design, implement, and evaluate the potential for a decentralized logistics services procurement system, following a design science research approach. In so doing, we contribute by (1) developing such a decentralized logistics services procurement system that addresses the allocation problem, and (2) developing a set of nascent design principles guiding the elaboration of decentralized procurement mechanisms on blockchain

When Matrices Meet Brains

Spiking neural P systems (SN P systems, for short) are a class of distributed parallel computing devices inspired from the way neurons communicate by means of spikes. In this work, a discrete structure representation of SN P systems is proposed. Specifically, matrices are used to represent SN P systems. In order to represent the computations of SN P systems by matrices, configuration vectors are defined to monitor the number of spikes in each neuron at any given configuration; transition net gain vectors are also introduced to quantify the total amount of spikes consumed and produced after the chosen rules are applied. Nondeterminism of the systems is assured by a set of spiking transition vectors that could be used at any given time during the computation. With such matrix representation, it is quite convenient to determine the next configuration from a given configuration, since it involves only multiplying vectors to a matrix and adding vectors

Molecular genotyping of sugarcane clones with microsatellite DNA markers

Molecular genotypes of 27 sugarcane clones (Saccharum hybrids) were produced with nine sugarcane microsatellites. A total of 52 alleles were identified using a capillary electrophoresis system with 41 alleles displaying varying degrees of polymorphism and the remaining 11 being monomorphic. There were eight alleles for sugarcane microsatellite SMC286CS, five for SMC334BS, eight for SMC336BS, four for SMC713BS, five for mSSCIR5, five for mSSCIR33, five for MCSA042E08, four for MCSA053C10, and eight for MCSA068G08. Presence or absence of these 52 alleles from a clone allowed the assignment of its arbitrary microsatellite genotype. The genetic relatedness among these clones was assessed using the CLUSTAL W algorithm with DNAMAN(R) software based on their arbitrary genotypes. With the exception of four clones, CP 70-321, HoCP 91-555, L 97-137 and Q124, six groups of clones were identified that shared at least 76% homology between their microsatellite genotypes. The software program also produced a bootstrapped phylogenetic tree with branch patterns that in general coincided with the putative pedigrees of these clones. The derivation of molecular genotypes such as these has enable sugarcane geneticists and breeders to verify the genetic pedigrees and purity of their sugarcane populations. These microsatellite genotypes can also aid in progeny selection and facilitate studies on allele transmission in this aneu-polyploidy crop