Full-Scale Investigation of Methane and Ammonia Mitigation by Early Single-Dose Slurry Storage Acidification

The effects of early acidification with sulfuric acid of animal slurry in concrete storage tanks to pH 5 on methane and ammonia emissions have been investigated on two cattle and two pig slurry storage tanks in full scale. The tanks’ up- and down-wind concentrations were measured online by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The inverse-dispersion method (IDM), using a backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) model, was used to determine the emission rates. The results show that CH4 emissions after single-dose acidification of slurry tanks in the early summer were reduced by 95 ± 14% and 95% ± 6% for cattle and pig manure, respectively, compared to the emissions measured before acidification. The reductions occurred even though pH increased during the storage with and without addition of fresh slurry. After acidification, NH3 emissions were comparable to or lower than when a natural crust was present. A supplementary experiment on small-scale slurry containers was conducted to investigate the pH development when fresh slurry was added to the acidified slurry. The influence of pH development on the long-term emission dynamics of methane is discussed by comparing the large-scale and small-scale studies. The study presents the first full-scale documentation that slurry acidification is a promising technology for mitigation of methane from slurry storage

Concentrations of plasma creatinine (A), plasma urea (B) and urine protein to creatinine (UPC) ratio (C) on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of treatment with marbofloxacin in the dogs under study.

<p>Values are expressed as the mean±standard deviation.</p

Principal components analysis plot.

<p><b>Interrelation between the main parameters studied at day 0 (A) and at day 28 (B)</b>. Alb: albumin; AbTiter: antibody titer; Crea: creatinine; CScore: clinical score; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; Glob: globulins; P: phosphate; ParLoad: parasitic load; PCV: packed cell volume; SBP: systolic blood pressure; UCystatin: urine cystatin C; UFerritin: urine ferritin; UPC: urine protein to creatinine ratio.</p

Haematological and biochemical parameters of 28 dogs with leishmaniasis and CKD before (at day 0) and after treatment (at day 28).

<p>Haematological and biochemical parameters of 28 dogs with leishmaniasis and CKD before (at day 0) and after treatment (at day 28).</p

Individual renal function biomarkers of the dogs under study before (at day 0) and after (at day 28) treatment with marbofloxacin.

<p>Individual renal function biomarkers of the dogs under study before (at day 0) and after (at day 28) treatment with marbofloxacin.</p

Blood pressure measurement on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of treatment with marbofloxacin in the dogs under study.

<p>Values are expressed as the mean±standard deviation. ^a<i>p</i><0.02 vs day 0, ^b<i>p</i><0.02 vs day 7.</p

Individual clinical score, antibody titers and parasitic load of the dogs under study before (at day 0) and after (at day 28) treatment with marbofloxacin.

<p>Individual clinical score, antibody titers and parasitic load of the dogs under study before (at day 0) and after (at day 28) treatment with marbofloxacin.</p