The Munjoy Hill Neighborhood Organization has sent a formal letter to the board

The Munjoy Hill Neighborhood Organization has sent a formal letter to the board of the Portland Public Library and to the Portland City Council objecting to the proposed closures of the Riverton, Reiche, and Munjoy Hill branches, due to budget constraints. With a copy of the letter

Prosedur kedaruratan = emergency procedures

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Effect of a Mediterranean Diet Intervention with and Without Weight Loss on the Gut Microbiota in Obese, Older Adults

Abstract Objectives Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome has profound implications on human health and is modifiable by diet and weight loss. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of an 8-month Mediterranean diet (Med Diet) intervention with and without weight loss, compared to a control group, on the diversity and abundance of gut bacteria in obese, older adults. We hypothesized that adoption of an energy-restricted Med Diet to promote weight loss would impact gut microbial structure and composition the most. Methods Subjects are a subset from a larger trial that were randomized (2:2:1, respectively) to one of the following 8-month interventions: (1) Med Diet group lifestyle intervention (n = 10); (2) Med Diet plus energy restriction group lifestyle intervention (n = 10); or (3) Control (n = 5). Anthropometrics, body composition, circulating metabolic and immune markers, body composition, lifestyle behaviors, and stool were collected at pre- and post-intervention. Sequencing of the microbial 16S rRNA V4 region was performed. SAS, DADA2 and R were used to examine Med Diet adherence, weight loss, and fecal microbiota structural and compositional changes post-intervention. Results Mean BMI at baseline was 35.8 kg/m2 (SD = 4.0) and mean age was 64.8 years (SD = 6.3). The subjects were primarily female (88%) and self-described as African American (96%). At post-intervention, the mean increase in Med Diet adherence for groups (1), (2), and (3) was 3.1, 3.8, and -0.8 points, respectively, and mean % weight loss was -2.8%, -7.2%, and 0.7%, respectively. Metagenomic analysis revealed that species richness, diversity and the relative abundance of the genera Lachnoclostridium, Veillonella, and Bifidobacterium and Blautia caecimuris increased significantly post-intervention among only the energy restricted Med Diet group. Conclusions Our study shows that an energy-restricted Med Diet that promotes weight loss in older, obese adults increases gut microbial species richness and diversity, which may have positive implications for human health. Funding Sources RO1 from National Institutes of Health- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Interactions between perceived stress and microbial-host immune components : two demographically and geographically distinct pregnancy cohorts

Higher stress during pregnancy associates with negative outcomes and elevated inflammation. The gut microbiota, reflecting environment and social interactions, alongside host immune responses have the potential to better understand perceived stress and identify when stress is excessive in pregnancy. Two U.S. cohorts of 84 pregnant individuals, composed of urban women of color and suburban white women, completed the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and provided fecal and blood samples at two time points. Confirmatory Factor Analysis assessed the robustness of a two-factor PSS-10 model (Emotional Distress/ED and Self-Efficacy/SE). Gut microbiota composition was measured by 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing and the immune system activity was assessed with a panel of 21 T-cell related cytokines and chemokines. ED levels were higher in the suburban compared to the urban cohort, but levels of SE were similar. ED and SE levels were associated with distinct taxonomical signatures and the gut microbiota data improved the prediction of SE levels compared with models based on socio-demographic characteristics alone. Integration of self-reported symptoms, microbial and immune information revealed a possible mediation effect of Bacteroides uniformis between the immune system (through CXCL11) and SE. The study identified links between distinct taxonomical and immunological signatures with perceived stress. The data are congruent with a model where gut microbiome and immune factors, both impacting and reflecting factors such as close social relationships and dietary fiber, may modulate neural plasticity resulting in increased SE during pregnancy. The predictive value of these peripheral markers merit further study

Gut Microbiome and Maternal Glycemia: A Scoping Review Protocol

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the onset of hyperglycemia during pregnancy and is associated with short and long-term health complications for both mother and child. Research is emerging that targeting the capacity of the gut microbiome, the collection of archaea, eukarya, and bacteria found within the gastrointestinal tract, may be an approach to prevent and manage GDM. To date, initial studies show that women with GDM may exhibit a distinct gut microbiota profile with differences in structure, metabolic function, and composition in comparison to women without GDM during pregnancy. However, an examination of the gut microbiome and maternal glycemic control is in its infancy and a comprehensive, systematic synthesis on this knowledge has yet to be performed. Our scoping review described in this protocol aims to fill that gap. </p

Host Immunity, the Microbiome, and Perinatal Anxiety

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