Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in an 82 year old patient following a tetanus-diphteria-poliomyelitis-vaccination

Abstract Background The most common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children and younger adults is the minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). In the elderly MCNS is relatively uncommon. Over the last decade some reports suggest a rare but possible association with the administration of various vaccines. Case presentation A 82-year old Caucasian female presented with pronounced nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria of 7.1 g/d, hypoproteinemia of 47 g/l). About six weeks prior to admission, she had received a combination vaccination for tetanus, diphtheria and poliomyelitis as a booster-vaccination from her general practitioner. The renal biopsy revealed typical minimal change lesions. She responded well to the initiated steroid treatment. As through physical examination as well as extensive laboratory and imaging studies did neither find any evidence for malignancies nor infections we suggest that the minimal change nephrotic syndrome in this patient might be related to the activation of the immune system triggered by the vaccination. Conclusion Our case as well as previous anecdotal reports suggests that vaccination and the resulting stimulations of the immune system might cause MCNS and other severe immune-reactions. Increased awareness in that regard might help to expand the database of those cases.</p

Reakcija β-amino-α,γ-dicianokrotononitrila s acetofenonom: sinteza derivata piridina, piridazina i tiofena s antimikrobnim djelovanjem

Condensation of β-amino-α,γ-dicyanocrotononitrile (1) with acetophenone gave the 2-amino-4-phenylpenta-1,3-diene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (2). The latter product was used in a series of heterocyclization reactions when react with different reagents like diazonium salts, hydrazines, hydroxylamine and elemental sulfur to give pyridazine, pyrazole, isoxazole and thiophene derivatives, respectively. On the other hand, it gave pyridine derivatives with aromatic aldehydes followed by reaction with cyanomethylene reagents. The MIC values for the newly synthesized product were measured against E. coli, B. cereus, B. subtilis and C. albicansKondenzacijom β-amino-α,γ-dicijanokrotononitrila 1 s acetofenonom dobiven je 2-amino-4-fenilpenta-1,3-dien-1,1,3-trikarbonitril (2) koji je upotrebljen u reakcijama heterociklizacije s različitim reagensima poput diazonijevih soli, hidrazina, hidroksilamina i elementarnog sumpora pri čemu su nastali derivati piridazina, pirazola, izoksazola, odnosno tiofena. Spoj 2 je u reakciji s aromatskim aldehidima te naknadno sa cijanometilenima dao derivate piridina. Određene su MIC vrijednosti za novosintetizirane spojeve protiv E. coli, B. cereus, B. subtilis i C. albicans

Quantitative treatment of surface potentials in Langmuir films from aromatic amphiphiles

It is shown that the surface potentials of Langmuir monolayers from aromatic compounds can be interpreted using the three-layer capacitor model of Demchak and Fort, with the same local dielectric constants employed for aliphatic compounds. Based on new data for monolayers from an acid, amine and ester compounds with an aromatic hydrophobic part, we show that the dielectric constant for the monolayer/water interface region is 6 +/-1. Good agreement between experiment and theory was obtained by taking the dielectric constant of the monolayer/interface as 3.0 +/-0.6, which are essentially the same as those obtained for long tail aliphatic compounds. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.33741699111

Influence Of Apolar Group Structure On The Properties Of Langmuir Monolayers Of Polyphenyl Carboxylic Acids

Langmuir monolayers of purely aromatic carboxylic acids are investigated through surface pressure (π), surface potential (ΔV)-area (A) isotherms and Brewster angle microscopic studies. The monolayer characteristic of the basic compound, namely 5′-phenyl-1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl-4-carboxylic acid, abbreviated as PTCA, is compared with its derivatives containing hydrophilic (nitro) or hydrophobic (phenyl) substituents attached to the symmetrical triphenylbenzene core. The nature of the substituent as well as its position (2′ or 4′) has profound influence on the monolayer organization. Also, chemical modification leading to rotation restrictions of the hydrophobic moiety of PTCA was found to alter significantly its characteristic as Langmuir monolayer. The results are discussed in view of different orientation and different molecular packing arrangements. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.198-200141150Roberts, G., (1990) Langmuir-Blodgett Films, pp. 32-41. , Plenum Press, New York/LondonGonçalves da Silva, A.M., Viseu, M.I., Malathi, A., Antunes, P., Costa, S.M.B., (2000) Langmuir, 16, p. 1196Kroon, J.M., Sudhölter, E.J.R., Schenning, A.P.H.J., Nolte, R.J.M., (1995) Langmuir, 11, p. 214Capuzzi, G., Kulkarni, K., Fernandez, J.E., Vincieri, F.F., Lo Nostro, P., (1997) J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 186, p. 271Miñones Trillo, J., Garcia Fernández, S., Sanz Pedrero, P., (1965) J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 26, p. 518Stewart, F.H.C., (1961) Aust. J. Chem., 13, p. 478Czapkiewicz, J., Dynarowicz, P., Milart, P., (1996) Langmuir, 12, p. 4966Czapkiewicz, J., Dynarowicz-La̧tka, P., Janicka, G., Milart, P., (1998) Coll. Surf. A, 135, p. 149Dynarowicz-La̧tka, P., Dhanabalan, A., Oliveira Jr., O.N., (1999) J. Phys. Chem. B, 103, p. 5992Dynarowicz-La̧tka, P., Dhanabalan, A., Cavalli, A., Oliveira Jr., O.N., (2000) J. Phys. Chem. B, 104, p. 1701Dynarowicz-La̧tka, P., Kita, K., Milart, P., Dhanabalan, A., Cavalli, A., Da Silva Filho, A.D., Oliveira Jr., O.N., (2001) J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 239, p. 158Laschewsky, A., (1989) Angew. Chem. Adv. Mater., 101, p. 1606Mertesdorf, C., Ringsdorf, H., (1989) Liq. Cryst., 5, p. 1757Karthaus, O., Ringsdorf, H., Urban, C., (1991) Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp., 46, p. 347Janietz, D., Hofmann, D., Reiche, J., (1994) Thin Solid Films, 244, p. 794Josefowicz, J.Y., Maliszewskyj, N.C., Idziak, S.H.J., Heiney, P.A., McCauley Jr., J.P., Smith, A.B., (1993) Science, 260, p. 323Dewar, M.J.S., Zoebish, E.G., Healy, E.G., Stewart, J.J.P., (1985) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 107, p. 3902(1998) HyperChem Professional Release 5.1, A Molecular Visualization and Simulation Software Package, , Hypercube Inc., Gainesville, FloridaStewart, J.J.P., Quantum Chemistry Programme Exchange #455Schmidt, M.W., Baldridge, K.K., Boatz, J.A., Elbert, S.T., Gordon, M.S., Jensen, J.H., Koseki, S., Montgomery, J.A., (1993) J. Comp. Chem., 14, p. 134

Influence of apolar group structure on the properties of Langmuir monolayers of polyphenyl carboxylic acids

Langmuir monolayers of purely aromatic carboxylic acids are investigated through surface pressure (p), surface potential (¿V)–area (A) isotherms and Brewster angle microscopic studies. The monolayer characteristic of the basic compound, namely 5'-phenyl-1,1':3',1¿-terphenyl-4-carboxylic acid, abbreviated as PTCA, is compared with its derivatives containing hydrophilic (nitro) or hydrophobic (phenyl) substituents attached to the symmetrical triphenylbenzene core. The nature of the substituent as well as its position (2' or 4') has profound influence on the monolayer organization. Also, chemical modification leading to rotation restrictions of the hydrophobic moiety of PTCA was found to alter significantly its characteristic as Langmuir monolayer. The results are discussed in view of different orientation and different molecular packing arrangements