Subacute ruminal acidosis reduces sperm quality in beef bulls

Breeding bulls are commonly fed high-energy diets, which may induce subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). In this experiment, 8 Santa Gertrudis bulls (age 20 ± 6 mo) were used to evaluate the extent and duration of effects of SARA on semen quality and the associated changes in circulating hormones and metabolites. The bulls were relocated and fed in yards with unrestricted access to hay and daily individual concentrate feeding for 125 d before SARA challenge. Semen was collected and assessed at 14-d intervals before the challenge to ensure acclimatization and the attainment of a stable spermiogram. The challenge treatments consisted of either a single oral dose of oligofructose (OFF; 6.5 g/kg BW) or an equivalent sham dose of water (Control). Locomotion, behavior, respiratory rate, and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal function were intensively monitored during the 24-h challenge period. Rumen fluid samples were retained for VFA, ammonia, and lactate analysis. After the challenge, semen was then collected every third day for a period of 7 wk and then once weekly until 12 wk, with associated blood collection for FSH, testosterone, inhibin, and cortisol assay. Percent normal sperm decreased in bulls dosed with OFF after the challenge period (P < 0.05) and continued to remain lower on completion of the study at 88 d after challenge. There was a corresponding increase in sperm defects commencing from 16 d after challenge. These included proximal cytoplasmic droplets (P < 0.001), distal reflex midpieces (P = 0.01), and vacuole and teratoid heads (P < 0.001). Changes in semen quality after challenge were associated with lower serum testosterone (P < 0.001) and FSH (P < 0.05). Serum cortisol in OFF bulls tended to be greater (P = 0.07) at 7 d after challenge. This study shows that SARA challenge causes a reduction in sperm quality sufficient to preclude bulls from sale as single sire breeding animals 3 mo after the event occurred

LH and testosterone responses to gonadoliberin (LRH) treatment in young bulls prior to and during puberty

International audienc

Concentração plasmática de melatonina em novilhas bubalinas (Bubalus bubalis) ao longo do ano Plasma melatonin in bufallo heifers (Bubalus bubalis) during a year

Coletaram-se nove amostras de sangue ao longo do dia, mês-a-mês durante um ano, de seis novilhas bubalinas da raça Mediterrâneo, para determinação da melatonina plasmática dos animais mantidos na latitude 22° Sul. A concentração plasmática de melatonina se elevou lentamente até atingir o pico entre 21 e 23 horas, permanecendo elevada até as 3-5 horas. A seguir, a concentração diminuiu para valores baixos antes do nascer do sol. A duração da elevação noturna de melatonina plasmática não acompanhou a duração do período noturno ao longo do ano e a diminuição da concentração diurna de melatonina plasmática ocorreu na época de maior atividade reprodutiva estimada do rebanho.<br>Nine blood samples were taken to determine plasma melatonin in a 24h-period/month for a year. The six buffalo heifers used were kept at latitude 22° South. Plasma melatonin rose slowly, peaking at night (between 9 and 11pm) and maintained until 3 to 5am. Melatonin concentration decreased day-time to lower levels until sunrise. Nocturnal higher plasmatic melatonin did not vary with night length over the year. Diurnal melatonin concentrations were lower when estimated reproductive rate was the highest for the herd