Modeling of groundwater flow and water use for San Luis Potosí Valley aquifer system

"Land use changes are currently one of the indisputable factors in the alteration of processes and cycles of the aquifer system in the San Luis Potosí Valley. Due to its importance, is considered indispensable to investigate this detrimental factor of aquifers. The aim of this research is to use a numerical flow model to analyze the impact that land use changes have had on the aquifer. A finite differences numerical model was adapted to the size and hydrological properties of the aquifer system. It consisted of a regular grid with 30 columns and 34 rows with constant spacing of 1000 meters. It has two layers; the first includes the shallow aquifer and the second, the deep aquifer. The initial hydraulic head of the model corresponds to 1986 and was verified for 1995 and 2007. The model shows the development of a drawdown cone (central valley) extending toward the industrial area (southern valley). Piezometric water levels revealed a decrease of 0.6 to 1.6 meters annually during a period from 1977 to 2007. This work demonstrates that it is the consequence of land use changes and of the incessant overall decline in groundwater reserves. Based on the flow model, population growth projections and water use change, the calculated predictions indicate that by 2021, the total established volume of 136 Mm3/year for consume will be reached. The flow model of the San Luis Potosí Valley aquifer system shows a clear effect of the risks associated with aquifer mining.

Educations in prison. Synergies from socio-cultural animation

[Resumen] El proyecto “Educaciones en prisión. Sinergias desde la animación sociocultural” avanza en el Plan que desde 2013 viene desarrollándose en el Centro Penitenciario de Monterroso (Lugo). Tiene como objetivo analizar el escenario prisión como referencia comunitaria, observando las particularidades de este contexto, y valorar las posibilidades que la animación sociocultural ofrece para generar sinergias de acción educativa escolares y socio-comunitarias que fortalezcan la función educadora-(re)educadora adscrita a estas instituciones. Para ello se diseñan cuatro líneas de trabajo dirigidas a la motivación de los internos por el estudio, a la formación y reflexión compartida por profesionales y voluntariado sobre el alcance de los procesos educativos en prisión, a la consolidación de recursos sociocomunitarios surgidos en fases anteriores del proyecto, como la radio LibreMente y la oferta de actividades culturales y deportivas[Abstract] The project “Educations in prison. Synergies from socio-cultural animation” goes forward through the Plan which has been developing since 2013 in Monterroso’s penitentiary center (Lugo). It aims to analyze prison context as a community reference, observing the peculiarities of this scenario, and asses the possibilities that sociocultural animation offers to generate school educative and social-community synergies that can strengthen the educational-(re)educational functions assigned to these institutions. Four work lines were designed aimed to intern’s motivation for study, to formation and reflection shared between professionals and volunteers about the scope of the educational processes in prison, to consolidating the social-community resources that has emerged in earlier phases of the project, such as “LibreMente” radio station, and the physical and cultural activities offe

Educations in prison. Synergies from socio-cultural animation

El proyecto “Educaciones en prisión. Sinergias desde la animación sociocultural” avanza en el Plan que desde 2013 viene desarrollándose en el Centro Penitenciario de Monterroso (Lugo). Tiene como objetivo analizar el escenario prisión como referencia comunitaria, observando las particularidades de este contexto, y valorar las posibilidades que la animación sociocultural ofrece para generar sinergias de acción educativa escolares y socio-comunitarias que fortalezcan la función educadora-(re)educadora adscrita a estas instituciones. Para ello se diseñan cuatro líneas de trabajo dirigidas a la motivación de los internos por el estudio, a la formación y reflexión compartida por profesionales y voluntariado sobre el alcance de los procesos educativos en prisión, a la consolidación de recursos sociocomunitarios surgidos en fases anteriores del proyecto, como la radio LibreMente y la oferta de actividades culturales y deportivasThe project “Educations in prison. Synergies from socio-cultural animation” goes forward through the Plan which has been developing since 2013 in Monterroso’s penitentiary center (Lugo). It aims to analyze prison context as a community reference, observing the peculiarities of this scenario, and asses the possibilities that sociocultural animation offers to generate school educative and social-community synergies that can strengthen the educational-(re)educational functions assigned to these institutions. Four work lines were designed aimed to intern’s motivation for study, to formation and reflection shared between professionals and volunteers about the scope of the educational processes in prison, to consolidating the social-community resources that has emerged in earlier phases of the project, such as “LibreMente” radio station, and the physical and cultural activities offerS

Nutrición parenteral domiciliaria en España, 2019: informe del Grupo de Nutrición Artificial Domiciliaria y Ambulatoria NADYA

RESUMEN Objetivo: comunicar los datos de nutrición parenteral domiciliaria (NPD) obtenidos del registro del grupo NADYA-SENPE (www.nadyasenpe.com) del año 2019. Material y métodos: análisis descriptivo de los datos recogidos de pacientes adultos y pediátricos con NPD en el registro NADYA-SENPE desde el 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2019. Resultados: se registraron 283 pacientes (51,9 %, mujeres), 31 niños y 252 adultos procedentes de 47 hospitales españoles, lo que representa una tasa de prevalencia de 6,01 pacientes/millón de habitantes/año 2019. El diagnóstico más frecuente en los adultos fue “oncológico paliativo” y “otros” (21,0 %). En los niños fue la enfermedad de Hirschsprung junto a la enterocolitis necrotizante, las alteraciones de la motilidad intestinal y la pseudoobstrucción intestinal crónica, con 4 casos cada uno (12,9 %). El primer motivo de indicación fue el síndrome del intestino corto tanto en los niños (51,6 %) como en los adultos (37,3 %). El tipo de catéter más utilizado fue el tunelizado tanto en los niños (75,9 %) como en los adultos (40,8 %). Finalizaron 68 episodios, todos en adultos: la causa más frecuente fue el fallecimiento (54,4 %). Pasaron a la vía oral el 38,2 %. Conclusiones: el número de centros y profesionales colaboradores con el registro NADYA va incrementándose. Se mantienen estables las principales indicaciones y los motivos de finalización de la NPD

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 9

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 9, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Comparative analysis of industrial design methodologies for fixed-bottom and floating wind turbines

Publisher Copyright: © Copyright 2016 by ASME.The floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) market is currently dominated by single unit demonstration projects and first pre-commercial wind farms such as the Hywind Scotland wind farm. Today's FOWT substructure design process is therefore not yet at a level of industrialization comparable to fixed-bottom substructure design methodologies, where standardized design and realization procedures are well established throughout the industry. Aligned with work performed in the Ramboll and University of Stuttgart-led work packages "Concept Industrialization" and "Design practice" of the European H2020 LIFES50+ project, the ambition of this paper is to define state-of-the-art fixed-bottom and floating design methods and based on these identify key differences through comparative analysis. In the first part of the paper the scope and selected details of today's industrialized design process for fixed-bottom substructure design is presented, including e.g. load iteration schemes and applied numerical methods, risk assessment incorporation, optimization, and cost modelling. In the second part, the key elements of this industrialized procedure which are different to FOWT design are identified and described: This is done based on a review of the current FOWT common design practice, where elements are identified that are unique and/or different for FOWTs ? this includes e.g. the requirement to adapt the controller to the specific platform behaviour, as well as a tower and/or selected rotor-nacelle assembly (RNA) component redesign, and also includes differences in terms of defining and performing load case simulations. Another observation that is described relates to the floating specific required numerical methodologies applied for the detailed structural and mooring design, where challenges exist regarding the interface between coupled global loads analyses tools and detailed structural, mooring, and geotechnical tools. A further key item discussed in this respect is the industry-common load exchange practice for fixed-bottom design, where only a limited data exchange between WT manufacturers and platform designers is done; a procedure that is challenging to be applied for FOWTs. Compared with fixed-bottom design, the consideration of manufacturability, fabrication constraints, serial production, design complexity reduction, assembly, supply chain, installation, geotechnics, O&M and risk is often limited and these items will also be briefly discussed. Overall the paper is intended as a technical review of existing fixed-bottom design procedures and, facilitated through the comparative analysis with these established design methodologies, identifies and presents the key differentiating design elements and challenges for an industrialized FOWT design. The content of the paper will provide input for the focused development of design processes for industrialized detailed design of FOWTs to guarantee the demanded technology-readiness and manufacturing-readiness levels (TRL and MRL) and ultimately improve their CAPEX and OPEX by applying industrial design procedures. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 640741 (LIFES50+ project, www.lifes50plus.eu).Peer reviewe

A modelling approach for offshore wind farm feasibility with respect to ecosystem-based marine spatial planning

Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier B.V.Demand for renewable energy is increasing steadily and regulated by national and international policies. Offshore wind energy sector has been clearly the fastest in its development among other options, and development of new wind farms requires large ocean space. Therefore, there is a need of efficient spatial planning process, including the site selection constrained by technical (wind resource, coastal distance, seafloor) and environmental (impacts) factors and competence of uses. We present a novel approach, using Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN), for an integrated spatially explicit site feasibility identification for offshore wind farms. Our objectives are to: (i) develop a spatially explicit model that integrates the technical, economic, environmental and social dimensions; (ii) operationalize the BBN model; (iii) implement the model at local (Basque Country) and regional (North East Atlantic and Western Mediterranean), and (iv) develop and analyse future scenarios for wind farm installation in a local case study. Results demonstrated a total of 1% (23 km 2 ) of moderate feasibility areas in local scaled analysis, compared to 4% of (21,600 km 2 ) very high, and 5% (30,000 km 2 ) of high feasibility in larger scale analysis. The main challenges were data availability and discretization when trying to expand the model from local to regional level. The use of BBN models to determine the feasibility of offshore wind farm areas has been demonstrated adequate and possible, both at local and regional scales, allowing managers to take management decisions regarding marine spatial planning when including different activities, environmental problems and technological constraints.We would like to thank Jordan Gacutan and Caroline Coccoli for their contributions in this research. This work was supported by VAPEM project, funded by the Fisheries and Aquaculture Directorate of the Basque Government . Kemal Pınarbaşı was supported by a PhD. Grant from AZTI. This paper is contribution number 903 from the Marine Research Division (AZTI). We would like to thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments and efforts towards improving our manuscript. We would like to thank Jordan Gacutan and Caroline Coccoli for their contributions in this research. This work was supported by VAPEM project, funded by the Fisheries and Aquaculture Directorate of the Basque Government. Kemal Pınarbaşı was supported by a PhD. Grant from AZTI. This paper is contribution number 903 from the Marine Research Division (AZTI). We would like to thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments and efforts towards improving our manuscript.Peer reviewe

Design, modelling and analysis of a combined semi-Submersible floating wind turbine and wave energy point-Absorber

Floating platforms for offshore wind tend to be very expensive and different solutions have been proposed to increase their cost-effectiveness. One of them involves the combination of offshore wind generation with other forms of ocean renewable energy, as is the subject of the FP7 project Marina Platform. In particular, wave energy from the sea has been investigated since the '70s and although a few technologies have already reached a pre-commercial stage, their actual economic feasibility can still be questioned so that the possibility of sharing cables, moorings and even the structure with offshore wind turbine is very interesting also from the point of view of wave energy developers. This paper presents the design, modeling and analysis of a combined concept composed of a semi-submersible platform hosting a single 5 MW wind turbine and a heaving pointabsorber consisting of a floating cylinder placed at the geometric center of the platform. A preliminary design of the concept is carried out by a frequency-domain analysis focused on the definition of the most suitable geometry with the objective of a limited dynamic response of the platform and satisfactory wave power absorption at the same time. It is shown how the requirement of maintaining reduced amplitude on the platform motions imposes the adoption of relatively slender cylinders as pointabsorbers. After a conventional catenary mooring arrangement is assumed and its basic line parameters determined by applying a quasistatic approach, a global coupled time-domain model is built based on the Cummins equation and the use of panel codes (e.g. WAMIT, AQWA) for the computation of the hydrodynamic coefficients. Moorings are modeled as individual catenary lines whereas the dynamics of the wind turbine are modeled by introducing thrust and power curves as function of the motions of the platform, after previous determination with the Blade Element Momentum theory. The analysis is carried out over a set of operational sea states for different locations around Europe. Through the analysis of power performance, platform and point-absorber motions and mooring tensions, it is shown how the introduction of a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) can occasionally have a positive effect on the whole response of the platform though the significance of its energy contribution is relatively small and additional synergies have to be sought to justify its adoption.Peer reviewe

Experimental analysis and numerical simulation of wave overtopping on a fixed vertical cylinder under regular waves

Wave overtopping phenomenon affects relatively narrow offshore marine structures different from shoreline linear structures, where there is not defined a precise prediction methodology as it is the case of the behaviour at long coastal defences. In the present study a combined experimental and numerical approach has been followed to obtain an empirical relation that represents the relative overtopping discharge over a fixed vertical cylinder exposed to non-impulsive wave conditions. The phenomenon follows a Weibull type dependence on the relative freeboard in a similar way as the case of vertical walls but reporting a decreasing overtopping rate at higher freeboards. In addition, a direct linear relationship between the relative mean flow thickness computed at the centre of the circular crest of the cylinder and the relative overtopping discharge has been observed. This methodology may be used as an indirect cost-effective method to characterize experimentally the wave overtopping phenomenon in cylindrical structures of full-scale prototypes without the need of accumulating and characterising huge amounts of overtopped water volumes. The present study contains a systematic analysis of the dispersion obtained in the experimental and computational results to evaluate the performance attributed to the proposed empirical expressions.The study was conducted within the framework of the research project MATHEO (KK-2019/00085) funded by the Basque Government. The authors would like also to express their gratitude for the support provided by the Research Groups of the UPV/EHU (GIU19/029) and the Basque Government (IT1314-19), as well as the support provided by the Joint Research Laboratory on Offshore Renewable Energy (JRL-ORE). Open Access funding provided by University of Basque Country