74 research outputs found

    Detección automática de pistas forestales y evaluación de la precisión a partir de datos LiDAR de baja densidad en Asturias

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    [ES] Las pistas forestales son infraestructuras esenciales para la gestión sostenible de montes puesto que posibilitan el acceso a las masas forestales para su aprovechamiento o ejecución de tratamientos selvícolas, conectan distintas áreas, sirven de acceso para actividades recreativas y para la lucha contra incendios. Por ello, es imprescindible disponer de una cartografía actualizada de pistas, que permita conocer al menos su localización y longitud. El objetivo general de este estudio fue establecer una metodología para la detección automática del eje de las pistas forestales en un monte de Asturias, con rodales de pino marítimo, pino insigne, roble, castaño y otras frondosas. Para ello, se generaron distintas capas de información partiendo de los datos lidar de la zona de estudio (PNOA). A partir de ellas se evaluaron dos metodologías de clasificación de imágenes: la clasificación basada en píxeles y la orientada a objetos. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon con la cartografía real de las pistas del monte mediante indicadores de Corrección, Integridad y Calidad. Además también se evaluó la precisión del eje de las pistas combinando análisis GIS y métodos estadísticos. La clasificación basada en píxeles obtuvo valores más altos en los tres indicadores evaluados así como en la precisión posiciona

    Perception of the Sustainable Development Goals among university students: A multidisciplinary perspective

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    This study explores the variations in perceptions and understanding of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) among university students, influenced by their field of study and gender. To this end, we introduced the 17 SDGs across various academic disciplines. Students participated in a concise educational initiative, with data being gathered to evaluate their baseline awareness and comprehension (before the initiative) as well as their ensuing empowerment (after participating in the initiative, which equipped them with essential knowledge pertaining to the various SDGs). Additionally, the satisfaction levels associated with the initiative was assessed. The findings unveil that, generally, Spanish university students possess a restricted grasp of the SDGs. However, students immersed in Social-Legal (S-L) sciences exhibit a significantly heightened acquaintance with these objectives compared to their counterparts. Students perceive the impact of the SDGs on their lives as moderate to high and anticipate that their individual contributions can facilitate moderate progress towards the realization of these goals, with S-L science students manifesting a greater sense of empowerment. Moreover, the study underscores a pronounced interest among university students in engaging with the SDGs. Gender appeared to have a minimal effect on the evaluated variables, with the exception of satisfaction levels concerning the educational initiative.This work has been partially funded by the Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE) of the University of Alicante through their ’Programa de redes de investigación en docencia universitaria’ in the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 editions

    Clearance of mixed bioflms of Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin‑susceptible/resistant Staphylococcus aureus by antioxidants N‑acetyl‑l‑cysteine and cysteamine.

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    Bioflm-associated infections are of great concern because they are associated with antibiotic resistance and immune evasion. Co-colonization by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae is possible and a threat in clinical practice. We investigated the interaction between S. aureus and S. pneumoniae in mixed bioflms and tested new antibioflm therapies with antioxidants N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and cysteamine (Cys). We developed two in vitro S. aureus–S. pneumoniae mixed bioflms in 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates and we treated in vitro bioflms with Cys and NAC analyzing their efect by CV staining and viable plate counting. S. pneumoniae needed a higher proportion of cells in the inoculum and planktonic culture to reach a similar population rate in the mixed bioflm. We demonstrated the efect of Cys in preventing S. aureus bioflms and S. aureus–S. pneumoniae mixed bioflms. Moreover, administration of 5 mg/ml of NAC nearly eradicated the S. pneumoniae population and killed nearly 94% of MSSA cells and 99% of MRSA cells in the mixed bioflms. The methicillin resistance background did not change the antioxidants efect in S. aureus. These results identify NAC and Cys as promising repurposed drug candidates for the prevention and treatment of mixed bioflms by S. pneumoniae and S. aureus

    Surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease in Spain exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2023)

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    Objectives: Dynamic trends of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) including the evolution of prevalent serotypes are very useful to evaluate the impact of current and future pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) and the rise of non-vaccine serotypes. In this study, we include epidemiological patterns of S. pneumoniae before and after COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We characterized all national IPD isolates from children and adults received at the Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory during 2019-2023. Results: In the first pandemic year 2020, we found a general reduction in IPD cases across all age groups, followed by a partial resurgence in children in 2021 but not in adults. By 2022, IPD cases in children had returned to pre-pandemic levels, and partially in adults. In 2023, IPD rates surpassed those of the last prepandemic year. Notably, the emergence of serotype 3 is of significant concern, becoming the leading cause of IPD in both pediatric and adult populations over the last two years (2022-2023). Increase of serotype 4 in young adults occurred in the last epidemiological years. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a temporary decline in all IPD cases during 2020 attributable to non-pharmaceutical interventions followed by a subsequent rise. Employing PCVs with broader coverage and/or enhanced immunogenicity may be critical to mitigate the marked increase of IPD. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

    Discovery of thiophene derivatives as potent, orally bioavailable, and blood–brain barrier-permeable Ebola virus entry inhibitors

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    22 p.-7 fig.-7 tab.-5 schem.-1 graph. abst.The endemic nature of the Ebola virus disease in Africa underscores the need for prophylactic and therapeutic drugs that are affordable and easy to administer. Through a phenotypic screening employing viral pseudotypes and our in-house chemical library, we identified a promising hit featuring a thiophene scaffold, exhibiting antiviral activity in the micromolar range. Following up on this thiophene hit, a new series of compounds that retain the five-membered heterocyclic scaffold while modifying several substituents was synthesized. Initial screening using a pseudotype viral system and validation assays employing authentic Ebola virus demonstrated the potential of this new chemical class as viral entry inhibitors. Subsequent investigations elucidated the mechanism of action through site-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, we conducted studies to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of selected compounds to confirm its pharmacological and therapeutic potential.The project leading to these results has received funding from “la Caixa” Foundation under the project code LCF/PR/HR19/52160012. This research was partially supported through ERA-NET-2021-862605. Cofounded by AEI, Spain (PCI2021-121939 (C.A.), PID2021-122825OB (C.A.), and PID2021-122223OB-I00 (C.G.)), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERINFEC, CIBERNED, and FIS PI2100989), and the European Commission Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (Project VIRUSCAN FETPROACT-2016: 731868 and Project EPIC-CROWN-2 ID: 101046084). This research work was also funded by the European Commission–NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094) through CSIC’s Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global). M.M.-T. holds a predoctoral FPU grant (FPU18/03493) from MICINN.Peer reviewe

    Presentaciones de los investigadores del CSIC en la jornada.

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    Jornada de DARIAH en la Biblioteca Nacional de España desarrollada el martes, 7 de noviembre de 2023 de 16:00h -19:30h. De los pósters presentados, los siguientes 14 pertenecen a de proyectos del CSIC: 1) Veinte años de Humanidades Digitales; 2) Proyecto Alisos. Las redes alimentarias sostenibles como cadenas de valores para la transición agroecológica y alimentaria: implicaciones para las políticas públicas territoriales; 3) Argos. Un buscador sintáctico en treebanks grecolatinos; 4) CORHIJE- DHJE APP. Herramienta digital para la creación del Corpus y Diccionario Histórico del Judeoespañol; 5) Diccionario Digital del Griego Antiguo; 6) DIGITESC. Digitalización, descripción y puesta en línea de la colección de manuscritos griegos de El Escorial; 7) IAT/ML y LogosLink. Discursos polarizados; 8) EuQu - The European Qur'an. Islamic Scripture in European culture and religion 1150-1850; 9) Guinzé Sefarad: Archivo documental de la Sefarad medieval; 10) Marcadores afectivos en las cartas transatlánticas de mujeres en la época moderna; 11) Maritime History Map: Proyecto SIC sobre Patrimonio sumergido; 12) La movilidad geográfica y profesional de los sabios musulmanes en la Edad Media: un análisis desde las Humanidades Digitales; 13) PARAHeB - Paratexts Hebrew Bible: understanding the paratexts of the Hebrew Bible; 14) Fuentes gráficas para la reconstrucción virtual en arquitectura: el Gran Palacio de Constantinopla y las miniaturas del Skylitzes Matritensis VITR / 26 / 2.N

    Fomento de la participación de los diferentes agentes implicados en el SGIC: actualización del material informativo, mejora del espacio web y creación de plataforma de gestión de reclamaciones, quejas, sugerencias y felicitaciones

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    Es la memoria del Proyecto de Innovación número 126 de la convocatoria 2021-2022, titulado "Fomento de la participación de los diferentes agentes implicados en el SGIC: actualización del material informativo, mejora del espacio web y creación de plataforma de gestión de reclamaciones, quejas, sugerencias y felicitaciones"

    Emprende Educación (EMED)

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    El proyecto se centra en el desarrollo de la Competencia Transversal del Grado de Educación Social (CT5): Valorar la importancia del liderazgo, el espíritu emprendedor, la creatividad y la innovación en el desempeño profesional. Se enmarca, por tanto, en la línea ocho de la convocatoria de Innova – Docencia: Fomento de la Inserción laboral y el emprendimiento entre los estudiantes. El proyecto se vertebra a partir de dos objetivos: 1) Transversalizar en la docencia del Grado de Educación Social un enfoque centrado en el desarrollo de la Competencia Emprendedora para poder vincular los diversos contenidos de las asignaturas con el desarrollo futuro de proyectos de Emprendimiento Social. 2) Despertar en los alumnos la iniciativa emprendedora como una oportunidad laboral real en el ámbito de la Educación Social para la mejora de su empleabilidad. Pretende fortalecer las metodologías participativas y colaborativas en el diseño, la aplicación y el desarrollo de la competencia emprendedora ligada al contenido de las diversas asignaturas del Grado Educación Social
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