Modelización de la probabilidad de ocurrencia de incendios forestales por rayo en la provincia de León (NO de España)

Spatial relationships between lightning-induced forest fires and topography, vegetation, climate and lightning characteristics were analyzed in the province of León (NW Spain). The study was based on reported lightning-induced forest fires in the period 2002-2007. A statistical model based on logistic regression was developed to estimate the probability of occurrence of a lightning-induced fire in a 3 x 3 km grid. The importance of accurate location of the ignition point was also investigated in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the model developed to uncertainty of the location. The model developed with accurate ignition point data showed a better predictive ability than the model constructed with all the ignition points available. The former model was therefore selected for long-term prediction of the occurrence of lightning-induced fires in the province. According to this model, the probability of a forest stand being affected by lightning-induced fire increased with decreasing altitude, and when there was a high proportion of coniferous species in the stand, a high percentage of lightning strikes in forest areas and a high number of dry storm days in the area. Although the model has not been validated, the results can be considered spatially robust because it shows good classification ability and the predicted spatial probability distribution is consistent with the observed historical fire records. The model will be useful in the spatially explicit assessment of fire risk, the planning and coordination of regional efforts to identify areas at greatest risk, and in designing long-term wildfire management strategies.En este estudio se analizaron las relaciones espaciales entre incendios forestales originados por rayo y variables topográficas, de vegetación, de clima y de las características de las descargas de rayos en la provincia de León (NO de España). Se utilizaron datos de incendios forestales originados por rayo en la provincia en el período 2002-2007. La probabilidad de ocurrencia de incendio se estimó para una malla de 3 km x 3 km de lado mediante un modelo logístico. Se analizó también la importancia que posee una localización exacta del punto de inicio del incendio en los resultados del modelo desarrollado y la sensibilidad del mismo a la incertidumbre de la localización. El modelo desarrollado a partir de todos los puntos de inicio de incendio disponibles en la base de datos mostró una peor capacidad predictiva que el desarrollado a partir de datos exactos del punto de inicio. Este último fue, por tanto, el seleccionado para realizar la predicción a largo plazo de los incendios provocados por rayo en la provincia. De acuerdo con este modelo, la probabilidad de ocurrencia de un incendio causado por rayo aumenta según disminuye la altitud, cuando existe una elevada proporción de coníferas, un elevado porcentaje de descargas de rayos en terreno forestal y un elevado número de días de tormentas secas.Aunque el modelo no ha sido validado, los resultados del mismo pueden considerarse espacialmente robustos ya que el modelo tiene una buena capacidad de clasificación y la distribución espacial predicha es consistente con los registros históricos de incendios. El modelo obtenido es útil en la valoración explícita del riesgo de incendios, en la identificación de zonas de riesgo elevado, así como en el diseño de estrategias para la gestión de incendios forestales a largo plazo

Método Avenzoar para la implantación racional de la atención farmacéutica en la farmacia comunitaria

Introducción: La evolución de la atención farmacéutica en España, el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, los proyectos de receta electrónica, la aparición de publicaciones como el Foro de Atención Farmacéutica, el desarrollo del Bot Plus y su integración con los programas de gestión de las farmacias comunitarias nos han permitido definir una metodología de trabajo en atención farmacéutica (AF), estratificada y selectiva.Metodología: 1. Identificar el paciente destinatario del tratamiento. 2. Dispensación propiamente dicha. 3. Definición del perfil farmacoterapéutico de la farmacia. 3.1. Grupos terapéuticos. 3.2. Indicaciones terapéuticas. 4. Definición de patologías diana. 4.1. Relevancia numérica. 4.2. Relevancia terapéutica. 5. Definición del potencial de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico (SFT) de la farmacia comunitaria. 6. Elección de pacientes diana. 7. Ofrecimiento del servicio de SFT.Resultados: En las cuatro farmacias comunitarias (FC) participantes se definió el perfil farmacoterapéutico a partir de los grupos terapéuticos a nivel 1. A partir de aquí dichas farmacias definieron sus respectivas patologías diana y los posibles pacientes a los que ofrecer el servicio. Se basan en dichos resultados para establecer la formación de sus profesionales.Conclusiones: La metodología Avenzoar parte del conocimiento del paciente mediante el registro sistemático de las dispensaciones realizadas. Permite definir el perfil farmacoterapéutico de los pacientes. Permite decidir el nivel de implicación con el seguimiento de cada paciente según criterios previamente definidos. La metodología Avenzoar es compatible y complementaria con cualquier metodología de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico

Un caso de osteopatía craneomandibular de localización en cúbito y radio en un West Highland

Este trabajo describe un caso de osteopatia craneomandibular de localización infrecuente, en un West Highland White Terrier de 2 meses de edad. El paciente presentaba una inflamación y cojera de las dos extremidades anteriores. Se observó en ambos miembros una proliferación ósea irregular en cúbito y radio. Las bullas timpánicas, así como los huesos del alvarium y tentorium, presentaban un notable engrosamiento y aumento de densidad. El tratamiento fue básicamente sintomático con prednisona, observán- dose una mejoría de los síntomas clínicos. Un año después del diagnóstico, la evolución ha sido favorable, existiendo una remarcada pero incompleta resolución de las lesiones tanto en huesos largos, como en bullas timpánicas.Thís report describes an unsual case of cranioman- dibular osteopathy in a two month-old female West Highland White Terrier puppy. The patient presented initially a swelling of both forelimbs and lameness. Irregular osseous proliferation in the ulna and radius in both limbs was observed. The tympanic bullae and the bones of the calvarium and tentorium were thickened and hyperostotic. The treatment was symptomatic with prednisona, and there was a clínical improvement. One year later of diagnosis,there was remarkable but incomplete resolution of the long bone and tympanic bullae changes

The Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor produces long-term changes on gene and miRNA expression profiles in CD34+ cells from healthy donors

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is the most commonly used cytokine for the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells from healthy donors for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Although the administration of this cytokine is considered safe, knowledge about its long-term effects, especially in hematopoietic progenitor cells, is limited. On this background, the aim of our study was to analyze whether or not granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces changes in gene and microRNA expression profiles in hematopoietic progenitor cells from healthy donors, and to determine whether or not these changes persist in the long-term. For this purpose, we analyzed the whole genome expression profile and the expression of 384 microRNA in CD34(+) cells isolated from peripheral blood of six healthy donors, before mobilization and at 5, 30 and 365 days after mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Six microRNA were differentially expressed at all time points analyzed after mobilization treatment as compared to the expression in samples obtained before exposure to the drug. In addition, 2424 genes were also differentially expressed for at least 1 year after mobilization. Of interest, 109 of these genes are targets of the differentially expressed microRNA also identified in this study. These data strongly suggest that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor modifies gene and microRNA expression profiles in hematopoietic progenitor cells from healthy donors. Remarkably, some changes are present from early time-points and persist for at least 1 year after exposure to the drug. This effect on hematopoietic progenitor cells has not been previously reported

Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on yield and grape composition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell

[EN] Warm and semi-arid climates are characterized by rainfall scarcity, resulting in the frequent use of low-quality water for irrigation. This work was undertaken to study the effects of water stress and saline irrigation on yield and grape composition of Monastrell grapevines grafted onto 1103P rootstock. The experiment was carried out during three consecutive seasons in a commercial vineyard located in Jumilla (SE Spain) with a loamy-sandy soil. Rainfed vines were compared with five watering regimes including a Control, irrigated with standard water, and four treatments that combined two different schedules for irrigation initiation (pre- and post-veraison) with saline water obtained by adding two types of salts (sulphates and chlorides). Vines from treatments with more severe water stress (i.e., rainfed) showed lower yields and vegetative growth. Moreover, the Rainfed treatment clearly modified grape composition when compared with the Control treatment by increasing berry phenolic content. The application of saline water slightly affected vine performance and grape composition regardless of the type of salts added to the irrigation water. Indeed, the watering regime had a greater effect on yield, vegetative growth and grape composition than the use of different saline waters. Our results suggest that, in the mid-term (3 years), and with a vineyard soil with good drainage, the use of saline waters is not detrimental to vine performance, but does not improve grape composition. Further research is required to assess the long-term effects of saline water application, particularly in view of the important accumulation of chlorides and sodium in leaf tissues observed in vines watered with salty water at the last season of this experiment.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUECSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness with FEDER co-financing [grant numbers AGL-2014-54201-C4-4-R and AGL2017-83738-C3-3-R].Martínez-Moreno, A.; Pérez-Álvarez, E.; Intrigliolo, D.; Mirás-Avalos, J.; López-Urrea, R.; Gil-Muñoz, R.; Lizama Abad, V.... (2023). Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on yield and grape composition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell. Irrigation Science. 41(4):469-485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-022-00795-x469485414Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D, Smith M (1998) Crop evapotranspiration. Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO irrigation and drainage, paper 56. FAO, Rome 300(9):D05109Amerine MA, Winkler AJ (1944) Composition and quality of musts and wines of California grapes. Hilgardia. 15:493–675Blouin J (1992) Tecniques d´analyses des moûtes et des vins. 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Ann Bot. 87:477–483Cramer GR, Ergui A, Grimplet J, Tillett RL, Tattersall EAR, Bohlman MC (2007) Water and salinity stress in grapevines: early and late changes in transcript and metabolite profiles. Funct Integr Genomics. 7:111–134Dag A, Ben-Gal A, Goldberger S, Yermiyahu U, Zipori I, David I, Netzer Y, Kerem Z (2015) Sodium and chloride distribution in grapevines as a function of rootstock and irrigation water salinity. Am J Enol Vitic. 66:80–84Degaris KA, Walker RR, Loveys BR, Tyerman SD (2016) Comparative effects of deficit and partial root-zone drying irrigation techniques using moderately saline water on ion partitioning in Shiraz and Grenache grapevines. Aust J Grape Wine Res. 22:296–306Deluc LG, Quilici DR, Decendit A, Grimplet J, Wheatley MD, Schlauch KA (2009) Water deficit alters differentially metabolic pathways affecting important flavor and quality traits in grape berries of Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay. 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J Exp Bot. 71:4658–4676Glories Y (1984) La couleur des vins rouges. 1re. Partie: les equilibres des anthocyanes et des tanins. J Int Sci Vigne et du Vin. 18:195–217Hawker JS, Walker RR (1978) The effect of sodium chloride on the growth and fruiting of Cabernet Sauvignon vines. Am J Enol Vitic. 29:172–176Intrigliolo DS, Castel JR (2011) Interactive effects of deficit irrigation and shoot and cluster thinning on grapevine cv. Tempranillo. Water relations, vine performance and berry and wine composition. Irrig Sci 29(6):443–454Intrigliolo DS, Lizama V, García-Esparza MJ, Abrisqueta I, Álvarez I (2016) Effects of post-versions irrigation regime on cabernet sauvignon Grapevines in Valencia, Spain: yield and grape composition. Agric Water Manag. 170:110–119IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change). (2019) Climate Change 2019: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. http://ipcc‐wg2.gov/AR5/report/final‐drafts. Accessed 11 Sept 2021Junquera P, Lissarrague JR, Jimenez L, Linares R, Baeza P (2012) Long-term effects of different irrigation strategies on yield components, vine vigour, and grape composition in cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.). Irrig Sci. 30:351–361Keller M (2015) The science of grapevines, anatomy and physiology. Second edition. Ed. Elsevier, San Diego, CAKennedy JA, Matthews MA, Waterhouse AL (2002) Effect of maturity and vine water status on grape skin and wine flavonoids. Am J Enol Vitic. 53:268–274Kliewer WM, Dokoozlian NK (2005) Leaf area/crop weight ratios of grapevines: influence on fruit composition and wine quality. Am J Enol Vitic. 56(2):170–181López-Urrea R, Montoro A, Mañas F, López-Fuster P, Fereres E (2012) Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients from lysimeter measurements of mature Tempranillo wine grapes. Agric Water Manag. 112:13–20Maas EV, Hoffman GJ (1977) Crop salt tolerance-current assessment. J Irrig Drain Div 103:115–134Martínez-Moreno A, Pérez-Álvarez EP, López-Urrea R, Paladines-Quezada DF, Moreno-Olivares JD, Intrigliolo DS, Gil-Muñoz R (2021) Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on wine color and polyphenoliccomposition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell. Sci Hortic 283:110085Martínez-Moreno A, Pérez-Álvarez E, López-Urrea R, Intrigliolo D, González-Centeno MR, Teissedre P-L, Gil-Muñoz R (2022) Is deficit irrigation with saline waters a viable alternative for winegrowers in semiarid areas? OENO One 56(1):101–116Matthews MA, Anderson MM (1989) Reproductive development in grape (Vitis vinifera L.): responses to seasonal water deficits. Am J Enol Vitic. 40:52–60Medrano H, Tomás M, Martorell S, Escalona JM, Pou A, Fuentes S, Flexas J, Bota J (2015) Improving water use efficiency of vineyards in semi-arid regions a review. Agron Sustain Dev 35:499–517Mirás-Avalos JM, Intrigliolo DS (2017) Grape composition under abiotic constrains: water stress and salinity. Front Plant Sci. 8:851Munitz S, Netzer Y, Schwartz A (2018) Sustained and regulated deficit irrigation of field-grown Merlot grapevines. Aust J Grape Wine Res. 23:87–94Myers BJ (1988) Water stress integral: a link between short-term stress and long-term growth. Tree Physiol. 4:315–323Nauriyal JP, Gupta OP (1967) Studies on salt tolerance of grape. Effect of total salt concentration. J Wine Res. 4:197–205Netzer Y, Shenker M, Schwartz A (2014) Effects of irrigation using treated wastewater on table grape vineyards: dynamics of sodium accumulation in soil and plant. Irrig Sci. 32:283–294Ojeda H, Andary C, Kraeva E, Carbonnea A, Deloire A (2002) Influence of preand postveraison water deficit on synthesis and concentration of skin phenolic compounds during berry growth of Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz. Am J Enol Vitic. 53:261–267Ortega JF, De Juan JA, Tarjuelo JM (2005) Improving water management: the irrigation advisory service of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Agric Water Manag. 77:37–58Pellegrino A, Lebon E, Simonneau T, Wery J (2005) Towards a simple indicator of water stress in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) based on the differential sensitivities of vegetative growth components. Aust J Grape Wine Res. 11:306–315Pereira LS, Paredes P, Jovanovic N (2020) Soil water balance models for determining crop water and irrigation requirements and irrigation scheduling focusing on the FAO56 method and the dual Kc approach. Agric Water Manag. 241:106357Pérez-Álvarez EP, Intrigliolo DS, Vivaldi GA, García-Esparza MJ, Lizama V, Álvarez I (2021) Effects of the irrigation regimes on grapevine cv. Bobal in a Mediterranean climate: I. Water relations, vine performance and grape composition. Agric Water Manag 248:106772Prior LD, Grieve AM, Slavich PG, Cullis BR (1992) Sodium chloride and soil texture interactions in irrigated field grown sultana grapevines. II. Plant mineral content, growth and physiology. Aust J Agric Res. 43:1067–1083Ramos MC, Pérez-Álvarez EP, Peregrina F, Martínez de Toda F (2020) Relationships between grape composition of Tempranillo variety and available soil water and water stress under different weather conditions. Sci Hortic. 262:109063Riquelme F, Martínez-Cutillas A (2018) El libro de la Monastrell. Cofradía del Vino Reino de la Monastrell. Consejería de Agua, Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca. Murcia. ISBN: 978-84-09-06249-2.Roby G, Harbertson JF, Adams DA, Matthews MA (2004) Berry size and vine water deficits as factors in winegrape composition: anthocyanins and tannins. Aust J Grape Wine Res. 10:100–107Romero P, Fernández-Fernández JI, Martínez-Cutillas A (2010) Physiological thresholds for efficient regulated deficit-irrigation management inwinegrapes grown under semiarid conditions. Am J Enol Vitic. 61:300–312Romero P, Gil-Muñoz R, del Amor FM, Valdés E, Fernández JI, Martinez-Cutillas A (2013) Regulated deficit irrigation based upon optimum water status improves phenolic composition in monastrell grapes and wines. Agric Water Manag. 121:85–101Romero P, García-García J, Fernández-Fernández JI, Gil Muñoz R, del Amor F, Martínez-Cutillas A (2016) Improving berry and wine quality attributes and vineyard economic efficiency by long-term deficit irrigation practices under semiarid conditions. Sci Hortic. 203:69–85Romero P, Botía P, Maria Navarro J (2018) Selecting rootstocks to improve vine performance and vineyard sustainability in deficit irrigated Monastrell grapevines under semiarid conditions. 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EEUUZufferey V, Spring JL, Verdenal T, Dienes A, Belcher S, Lorenzini F, Koestel C, Rösti J, Gindro K, Spangenberg J, Viret O (2017) The influence of water stress on plant hydraulics, gas exchange, berry composition and quality of pinot noir wines in Switzerland. OENO One. 51:17–2

Cooperación entre Universidad y Empresa en el desarrollo del TFG en el Grado de Ingeniería Química

Se ha constituido de modo ficticio una empresa de ingeniería con estudiantes del TFG en el Grado en Ingeniería Química, encargada de diseñar las distintas secciones de una planta industrial de producción de detergentes. El diseño de las distintas unidades de acuerdo con las directrices publicadas en la Guía Docente del TFG constituyen las memorias presentadas por el estudiante. Como formación complementaria se ha propuesto el diseño de páginas web, ya que hoy en día es la principal vía de información y publicidad. Se ha realizado un curso para emprendedores de la Cámara de Comercio de la Comunidad de Madrid. Además se han presentado las principales fuentes de financiación para poder constituir una empresa y desarrollar una actividad empresarial. Se han programado varias charlas y coloquio ofrecidas por profesionales de las empresas Maxam y Técnicas Reunidas, referentes en el sector químico y de la ingeniería. Se han establecido tutorías en grupo para realizar el seguimiento de los TFG. Además se ha planificado y realizado una visita guiada a planta de detergentes de CEPSA Química en Algeciras (Cádiz). Como formación específica para estudiantes de doctorado se ha asistido al 4º Congreso de Innovación Educativa en Ingeniería Química en Santander

Pantothenate Rescues Iron Accumulation in Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration Depending on the Type of Mutation

Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of inherited neurologic disorders in which iron accumulates in the basal ganglia resulting in progressive dystonia, spasticity, parkinsonism, neuropsychiatric abnormalities, and optic atrophy or retinal degeneration. The most prevalent form of NBIA is pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) associated with mutations in the gene of pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2), which is essential for coenzyme A (CoA) synthesis. There is no cure for NBIA nor is there a standard course of treatment. In the current work, we describe that fibroblasts derived from patients harbouring PANK2 mutations can reproduce many of the cellular pathological alterations found in the disease, such as intracellular iron and lipofuscin accumulation, increased oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, mutant fibroblasts showed a characteristic senescent morphology. Treatment with pantothenate, the PANK2 enzyme substrate, was able to correct all pathological alterations in responder mutant fibroblasts with residual PANK2 enzyme expression. However, pantothenate had no effect on mutant fibroblasts with truncated/incomplete protein expression. The positive effect of pantothenate in particular mutations was also confirmed in induced neurons obtained by direct reprograming of mutant fibroblasts. Our results suggest that pantothenate treatment can stabilize the expression levels of PANK2 in selected mutations. These results encourage us to propose our screening model as a quick and easy way to detect pantothenate-responder patients with PANK2 mutations. The existence of residual enzyme expression in some affected individuals raises the possibility of treatment using high dose of pantothenate.Instituto de Salud Carlos III FIS PI16/00786Junta de Andalucía CTS-5725, BIO-122Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica BFU2015-64536-

El yacimiento kárstico del Pleistoceno Superior de la Cueva del Camino en el Calvero de la Higuera (Pinilla del Valle, Madrid)

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Plan de parto y nacimiento

Texto en gallego y españo

Plan de emerxencias. Fundación Pública Urxencias Sanitarias de Galicia-061

A Fundación Pública Urxencias Sanitarias de Galicia-061 é a encargada de proporcionar, desde o momento que ocorre a emerxencia, un control da situación, unha primeira avaliación e unha asistencia sanitaria que logre salvar o maior número de vidas e volver á normalidade o antes posible. Para isto, a actuación sanitaria debe seguir unha metodoloxía perfectamente establecida, xa que as actuacións organizadas son as mellores ferramentas de traballo. Así pois, é necesario posibilitar normas de actuación o máis protocolizadas posible, para poder traballar nas mellores condicións de seguridade e manter unhas directrices xerais, onde cada persoa coñeza tanto a súa función como a do resto dos componentes do equipo, procedendo, ademais, á súa identificación funcional mediante signos externos (uniformidade, carteis, identificación, etc.); para facilitar o entendemento e a coordinación de todos os implicados en resolver a situación acaecida. Con este fin, preséntase o Plan de emerxencias que a continuación se expón, nun afán de dar sempre a mellor e máis axeitada resposta; obxectivo primordial desde que a FPUS de Galicia–061 se instaura como responsable da medicina prehospitalaria na nosa comunidade autónoma.La Fundación Pública Urxencias Sanitarias de Galicia-061 es la encargada de proporcionar, desde el momento en que ocurre la emergencia, un control de la situación, una primera evaluación y una asistencia sanitaria que logre salvar el mayor número de vidas y volver a la normalidad lo antes posible. Para esto, la actuación sanitaria debe seguir una metodología perfectamente establecida, ya que las actuaciones organizadas son las mejores herramientas de trabajo. Así pues, es necesario posibilitar normas de actuación lo más protocolizadas posible, para poder trabajar en las mejores condiciones de seguridad y mantener unas directrices generales, donde cada persona conozca tanto su función como la del resto de los componentes del equipo, procediendo, además, a su identificación funcional mediante signos externos (uniformidad, carteles, identificación, etc.); para facilitar el entendimiento y la coordinación de todos los implicados en resolver la situación acaecidad. Con este fin, se presenta el Plan de emergencias que a continuación se expone, en un afán de dar siempre la respuesta mejor y más idónea; objetivo primordial desde que la FPUS de Galicia-061 se instaura como responsable de la medicina prehospitalaria en nuestra comunidad autónoma