Bending-Testing of Arrows

Archery is a tradition, a style of martial arts and a competitive sport, while at the same time being an art form. The equipment consists of a bow and arrows. The deflection of the arrow is a very important characteristic, one which has a decisive influence on how and if the arrow reaches the target. This has a tremendous impact on the performance of the archer in both competition and archery demonstrations. The quantification and measurement of arrow deflection is equally important to both manufacturers and archers. It is affected by the arrow’s static bending. In this paper the bend of the arrow shall be determined

Nyílvesszők hajlító vizsgálata

Az íjászat művészet, harcművészet, hagyományőrzés és sport is egyben. Kellékei, az íj és a nyíl-vesszők igényesen kialakított eszközök, amelyek a történelem során erőteljes átalakuláson mentek keresztül. A nyílvessző kihajlása nagyon fontos jellemző. Ez döntő módon befolyásolja a vessző célba érését. Ez bemutatókon, versenyeken elvárandó teljesítés. A kihajlás számszerűsítése és mérése a gyártók és felhasználók számára egyformán lényeges. A kihajlást a vesszőlehajlás befolyásolja. A dolgozatban a nyílvessző lehajlása határozódik meg

Pleistocene vertebrate faunas of the Süttő Travertine Complex (Hungary)

Numerous fossil remains (vertebrates, molluscs and plants) were found in more than twenty sites of the Süttő Travertine Complex during the last 150 years. The majority of these remains were recovered from fissures of the travertine, but also from the travertine and an overlying loess-paleosol sequence. The aims of this study were to review the fossil content, to determine the stratigraphical positions of the various vertebrate faunas of Süttő and provide paleoecological interpretation of the periods on the basis of their faunas and floras. In addition, this paper describes new faunas and floras from the sites Süttő 16–20 and provides 14C dates for Süttő 16. On the basis of the new uranium series isotope and optical dating (OSL), the age of the travertine complex is Middle Pleistocene (235±21–314±45 ka, MIS 7–9), while the age of the loess-paleosol sequence in superposition of the travertine is Middle-Late Pleistocene (MIS 2–MIS 6). In contrast, the fossils of the travertine indicated an older, Pliocene–Early Pleistocene age. A fissure (Süttő 17) and a red clay layer (Süttő 19) contained mammal faunas of Early–Middle Pleistocene age. These results indicated the existence of older travertine in certain quarries (Hegyháti quarry, Cukor quarry). Sedimentological and OSL data of well-dated layers of the loess-paleosol sequence (Süttő/LPS) at Süttő allowed a correlation with the layers of Süttő 6. The paleosol layer in the upper part of the sequence of Süttő 6, was correlated with a pedocomplex of the overlying loess-paleosol sequence, which was dated to MIS 5c (upper, dark soil) and MIS 5e (lower, reddish brown soil). The paleoecological analysis of the mammal and mollusc faunas supported the former interpretation of Novothny et al., inferring warm, dry climate during the sedimentation of the upper layers, and more humid climate for the lower layers). However, the fauna of the lower soil layer indicated cold climate, so an age of MIS 5d is suggested. Dating of the fissure faunas is based on similarity studies. For some faunas, this method cannot be used, because of the low number of species. On the basis of the species compositions and former interpretations, these faunas originated mainly from sediments that were deposited under cold climatic conditions. Other fissure faunas were dated by AMS 14C (Süttő 16), or by correlation with soil layers of Süttő 6. According to these results, most of the fissure faunas can be correlated with different phases of MIS 5. However, there are a younger (MIS 2) and an older (Early–Middle Pleistocene) fissure fauna.status: publishe