El saludo a los poetas crepusculares

Angelo "Nino" Oxilia (Turin, 1889 - Monte Tomba, 1917) was a poet, playwright and film director. After passing through the Faculty of Letters of the University of Turin, where he only attended the first two years, he focused on journalism, collaborating since 1907, among others, in the Gazzetta di Torino and later in Il momento. In 1909 he published his first collection of poems, Canti brevi, and began to be interested in cinema, a facet in which his collaborations with Sandro Camasio, with titles such as La zingara, Addio giovinezza! or Cose dell'altro mondo. When the Great War broke out, he left voluntarily, playing a notable  role as a documentary filmmaker. He insisted and reached the front line as an artillery lieutenant, finding death at age 28. In 1918 the collection of poems Gli orti was published posthumously. Every November 18, the tombstone placed in his memory on Garibaldi Street in Turin is adorned with flowers and washed with white wine by students of the University

El aprovechamiento de los Recursos Naturales en la Matriz Energética: consideraciones geopolíticas y socio-ambientales

Presentación referente a las consideraciones políticas, sociales, ambientales y geopolíticas en relación al desarrollo sostenible de los países latinoamericano, en especial mención al caso paraguayo. Se adjunta a la presentación principal, la disertación sobre: El aprovechamiento de los Recursos Naturales en el Sector Energético y su Impacto Ambiental: el caso CHEVRON-TEXACO en la Amazonía Ecuatoriana.CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Lineamientos para la negociación del anexo C de ITAIPU según la experiencia de negociadores y el enfoque de especialistas regionales

En 1973 se firmaron dos tratados bilaterales entre Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay para el uso del potencial hidroeléctrico compartido en la cuenca del río Paraná. Las negociaciones internacionales presentaron complejidades de diversa índole y dieron como resultado una situación asimétrica entre Paraguay y los países socios de centrales hidroeléctricas (YACYRETA e ITAIPU). Las negociaciones continuaron durante la construcción y operación de las centrales eléctricas, buscando mejorar las posiciones del país que inicialmente era más vulnerable en las negociaciones y viabilizar estos grandes proyectos que implementaban el estado del arte en tecnologías para plantas hidroeléctricas. La sistematización de experiencias en las negociaciones, con rigor científico, es un insumo que puede apoyar el avance de la integración eléctrica regional, dado que existe un alto potencial hidroeléctrico que se puede aprovechar en la gran Cuenca del Plata. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es sistematizar las lecciones aprendidas en los procesos de negociación internacional, con el fin de proporcionar elementos para la toma de decisiones futuras en el área de procesos e iniciativas de integración regional. Se aplicaron métodos de análisis geopolítico y técnicas de identificación y organización de las lecciones aprendidas para cumplir con el objetivo. Se obtuvieron resultados que se clasifican en dos vertientes: i) qué negociar (considerando la revisión del Anexo C de ITAIPU prevista para el 2023) y ii) cómo organizarse internamente para llevar adelante las negociaciones referentes a estos emprendimientos. En lo referente a qué negociar se pudo identificar los posibles elementos que conformaría el nuevo CUSE post 2023. Por otro lado, se pudo clasificar las lecciones aprendidas en: i) toma de decisiones estratégicas; ii) Planificación estratégica; iii) implementación de estrategias; iv) monitoreo y evaluación de estrategias y resultados; y v) comunicación y participación social. Del análisis de las lecciones aprendidas fue posible elaborar una propuesta de cómo organizar, a nivel nacional, la negociación internacionalFil: Ortigoza, Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay).Fil: Ríos, Richard. Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay).Fil: Oxilia, Victorio. Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay)

Human deciduous teeth from the Middle Stone Age layers of Sibudu Cave (South Africa)

Abstract: In the African Pleistocene, the fossil evidence for early Homo sapiens populations is still relatively limited. Here we present two additional specimens (two deciduous teeth) recovered from the Middle Stone Age (MSA) deposits of Sibudu Cave (KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa). We describe their morphology and metrics, using three‐dimensional models of the teeth obtained from high‐resolution micro‐CT images. The first specimen is a Ldm1 (HUM. TO 1) recovered in the BS5 layer dated 77.3 ± 2.7 ka, and associated with stone tools assigned to the “pre‐Still Bay” assemblage. The other specimen is a Rdi1 (HUM. TO 2) coming from the Pinkish Grey Sand (PGS) layer, dated 64.7±2.3 ka, and associated with a Howieson’s Poort industry. Both teeth are well preserved, with minor post mortem cracks not affecting the overall morphology, and they comprise the intact, worn crown and the remnants of the roots, naturally resorbed. A large carious lesion occupies most of the distal face and part of the occlusal surface in the Ldm1; also a chip of enamel is missing from the disto‐buccal corner. In the Rdi1 average enamel thickness and relative enamel thickness values have been measured. For both teeth, we compared mesiodistal (MD) and bucco‐lingual (BL) diameters with those of other Late Pleistocene deciduous teeth and extant Homo sapiens. The analysis has shown that the teeth are comparable in size with the other MSA specimens described in the literature

Harnessing Natural Resources with Shared Sovereignty for Power Generation in the Parana River Basin: Systematization of Lessons Learned

The objetive is systematize the lessons learned in the international negotiations carried out during the stages of preparation, construction and operation of binational entities.CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

ANÁLISIS MULTI-CRITERIO SOBRE LA VALORACIÓN DE LA ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA DE ITAIPU EN EL MERCADO ELÉCTRICO BRASILEÑO

La Hidroeléctrica Itaipu Binacional aprovecha uno de los recursos que poseeParaguay en condominio con Brasil para producir energía. Dicha central satisface casi totalmente la demanda de electricidad del Paraguay, existiendo incluso excedentes de energía que, bajo lo reglado en el Tratado, son cedidos al país condómino. En el Paraguay, últimamente se ha generado un debate sobre el uso de dicho excedente. Una de las alternativas es la venta de dicha energía en el mercado brasileño. Un insumo para dicha estrategia es la valoración de la energía de Itaipu. Sin embargo, actualmente no existe una valoración. La valoración existente es la tarifa de Itaipu y la compensación por cesión de energía. Para el desarrollo del enfoque se utiliza el Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP), éstese aplica para la toma de decisión multi-criterio y para la valoración de activos. El objetivo es estimar el valor de la energía de Itaipu. Los atributos del AHP -i.e. aspectos técnicos, económicos y ambientales- son priorizados con dicha técnica. Finalmente, las alternativas son valoradas mediante un benchmarking con las centrales brasileñas, cuyo valor estimado da como resultado 102,7 USD/MWh. Posteriormente, se lleva a cabo un análisis de sensibilidad, para comprobar la robustez de los resultados

The first Neanderthal remains from an open-air Middle Palaeolithic site in the Levant

The late Middle Palaeolithic (MP) settlement patterns in the Levant included the repeated use of caves and open landscape sites. The fossil record shows that two types of hominins occupied the region during this period - Neandertals and Homo sapiens. Until recently, diagnostic fossil remains were found only at cave sites. Because the two populations in this region left similar material cultural remains, it was impossible to attribute any open-air site to either species. In this study, we present newly discovered fossil remains from intact archaeological layers of the open-air site 'Ein Qashish, in northern Israel. The hominin remains represent three individuals: EQH1, a nondiagnostic skull fragment; EQH2, an upper right third molar (RM3); and EQH3, lower limb bones of a young Neandertal male. EQH2 and EQH3 constitute the first diagnostic anatomical remains of Neandertals at an open-air site in the Levant. The optically stimulated luminescence ages suggest that Neandertals repeatedly visited 'Ein Qashish between 70 and 60 ka. The discovery of Neandertals at open-air sites during the late MP reinforces the view that Neandertals were a resilient population in the Levant shortly before Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens populated the region

Orthobaric Density: A Thermodynamic Variable for Ocean Circulation Studies

A new density variable, empirically corrected for pressure, is constructed. This is done by first fitting compressibility (or sound speed) computed from global ocean datasets to an empirical function of pressure and in situ density (or specific volume). Then, by replacing true compressibility by this best-fit virtual compressibility in the thermodynamic density equation, an exact integral of a Pfaffian differential form can be found; this is called orthobaric density. The compressibility anomaly (true minus best-fit) is not neglected, but used to develop a gain factor ψ on the irreversible processes that contribute to the density equation and drive diapycnal motion. The complement of the gain factor, ψ − 1, multiplies the reversible motion of orthobaric density surfaces to make a second contribution to diapycnal motion. The gain factor is a diagnostic of the materiality of orthobaric density: gain factors of 1 would indicate that orthobaric density surfaces are as material as potential density surfaces. Calculations of the gain factor for extensive north–south ocean sections in the Atlantic and Pacific show that it generally lies between 0.8 and 1.2. Orthobaric density in the ocean possesses advantages over potential density that commend its use as a vertical coordinate for both descriptive and modeling purposes. A geostrophic streamfunction exists for the momentum equations transformed to orthobaric density coordinates so that the gradients of orthobaric density surfaces give precisely the geostrophic shear. A form of Ertel's potential vorticity can be defined whose evolution equation contains no contribution from the baroclinicity vector. Orthobaric density surfaces are invariant to the choice of reference pressure. All of these are properties that potential density lacks. In the continuous limit, patched potential density surfaces, which are formed by joining segments of locally referenced potential density surfaces in various pressure ranges and are extensively used in descriptive physical oceanography, become a particular form of orthobaric density surfaces. The method of selecting the segments is equivalent to choosing the virtual compressibility function. This correspondence is a useful aid in interpreting patched potential density surfaces. In particular, there is a material flow across such surfaces that is analogous to the reversible flow across orthobaric isopycnals