Association between low back pain and functional/kinetic aspects of surfers: disability, function, flexibility, range of motion and angle of the thoracic and lumbar spine

Although surfing can contribute to chronic low backpain, the relationship between functional/kinetic changes and low back pain are still not fully understood. The association between low back pain and functional/kinetic aspects was investigated in people who had surfed for different numbers of years, in a cross-sectional study involving 66 surfers from the coast of Paraná. The participants were allocated into three groups considering how long they had surfed: G1 (up to 4.9 years), G2 (from 5 to 9.9 years) and G3 (more than 10 years). The following items were evaluated: body mass index; level of physical activity; low back pain; intensity and frequency of low back pain, low back disability, low back function, low back flexibility, low back range of motion, low back and thoracic angles. To analyze the association between functional/kinetic aspects and low back pain, Pearson’s Qui-Square test was used for categorical data, while for nominal data ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test (pEmbora a prática do surf possa contribuir para o aparecimento de dor lombar crônica, ainda não está totalmente esclarecido se a lombalgia está associada a alterações cinético-funcionais. Assim, investigou-se a associação entre a presença de dor lombar com aspectos cinético-funcionais em surfistas com diferentes tempos de prática. Participaram deste estudo observacional de corte transversal 66 surfistas do litoral do Paraná. Os participantes foram alocados em três grupos, conforme o tempo de prática esportiva em anos: G1 (até 4,9 anos), G2 (de 5 a 9,9 anos) e G3 (acima de 10 anos de prática). Foram avaliados: índice de massa corporal, nível de atividade física, presença de dor lombar, intensidade e periodicidade da dor, incapacidade lombar, funcionalidade lombar, flexibilidade lombar, amplitude de movimento lombar, e ângulo torácico e lombar. Para a análise da associação entre os aspectos cinético-funcionais e a dor lombar foram utilizados o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson para dados categóricos e ANOVA com post hoc de Bonferroni (pLa práctica del surf puede ocasionar dolor lumbar crónica. Pero todavía no se sabe si la lumbalgia está asociada con los aspectos cinéticos y funcionales. En este trabajo se asoció la presencia del dolor lumbar con los aspectos cinético y funcional en surfistas con distintos tiempos de práctica. Del estudio de corte transversal participaron 66 surfistas del litoral de Paraná, Brasil. Se dividieron a los participantes en tres grupos según su tiempo, en años, de práctica deportiva: G1 (hasta 4,9 años), G2 (de 5 a 9,9 años) y G3 (más de 10 años). Se evaluaron: el índice de masa corporal, el nivel de actividad física, la presencia de dolor lumbar, la intensidad y periodicidad del dolor, la incapacidad lumbar, la funcionalidad lumbar, la flexibilidad lumbar, la amplitud del movimiento lumbar, el ángulo torácico y lumbar. Para analizar la asociación de los aspectos cinético y funcional con el dolor lumbar se empleó la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson para los datos categóricos y para los datos nominales la prueba ANOVA con post-hoc, de Bonferroni (

Transition points of heart rate at race walking

Introduction: Heart rate provides useful information for race walking training. Objective: The objective of study was to analyze the behavior of heart rate (HR) and inflection points (HRIP) and deflection points (HRDP) in a progressive test of race walking (PTRW) before and after 20 training sessions. Methods: Participants were 13 young athletes (12.46 ± 1.61 years, 44.29 ± 10.25 kg, 157.93 ± 12.03 cm, 24.39 ± 7.60 F%). The PTRW was held at an official athletics track before and after training. The HR data and load were plotted every minute to identify the HRIP and HRDP. Results: The HR showed sigmoid behavior with the identification of transition points (TP), being in the pre-training: a) eight subjects HRIP (5.31 km·h-1; 125 bpm)and HRDP (7.63 km·h-1; 169 bpm); b) one subject only HRIP (7.00 km·h-1; 149 bpm); c) one subject only HRDP (8,00 km·h-1; 170 bpm); d) three subjects had no TP observed, and post-training: a) 12 subjects HRIP (5.46 km·h-1; 125 bpm) and HRDP (7.75 km·h-1; 168 bpm); b) one subject HRDP (7.50 km·h-1; 184 bpm). The HRIP was found to be significantly lower than the HRDP in pre-training (p<0.001) and post-training (p<0.001). When we compared HRIP and HRDP in the pre- and post-training we found no significant difference either in relation to the load (p=0.87 and p=0.61) or HR (p=0.60 and p=0.99). Conclusion: It is concluded that the HR has curvilinear relation with the load, and that it is possible to detect its transition points during PTRW.Introducción: La frecuencia cardiaca proporciona información útil para los entrenamientos de marcha atlética. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el comportamiento de la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) y sus puntos de inflexión (PIFC) y de deflexión (PDFC) en prueba progresiva de marcha atlética (PPMA) antes y después de 20 sesiones de entrenamiento. Métodos: Participaron 13 atletas jóvenes (12,46 ± 1,61 años, 44,29 ± 10,25 kg, 157,93 ± 12,03 cm, 24,39 ± 7,60 %G). El PPMA fue realizado en una pista oficial de atletismo antes y después del entrenamiento. Los datos de FC y carga fueron trazados cada minuto para identificación de PIFC y PDFC. Resultados: La FC presentó comportamiento sigmoideo, con identificación de los puntos de transición (PT), siendo en el pre-entrenamiento: a) ocho sujetos PIFC (5,31 km·h-1, 125 lpm) y PDFC (7,63 km·h-1; 169 lpm); b) un sujeto solamente PIFC (7,00 km·h-1; 149 lpm); c) un sujeto solamente PDFC (8,00 km·h-1, 170 lpm); d) tres sujetos sin detección de PT y post-entrenamiento: a) 12 sujetos PIFC (5,46 km·h-1, 125 lpm) y PDFC (7,75 Km·h-1; 168 lpm); b) un sujeto solamente PDFC (7,50 km·h-1, 184 lpm). El PIFC fue encontrado en carga significativamente inferior que el PDFC en el pre (p < 0,001) y en el post-entrenamiento (p < 0,001). Al comparar el PIFC y el PDFC pre y post-entrenamiento, no se encontró ninguna diferencia significativa, sea en relación a la carga (p = 0,87 y p = 0,61) o FC (p = 0,60; p = 0,99). Conclusión: Se concluye que la FC tiene relación curvilínea con la carga, siendo posible detectar sus puntos de transición en PPMA

Transition points of heart rate at race walking

Introduction: Heart rate provides useful information for race walking training. Objective: The objective of study was to analyze the behavior of heart rate (HR) and inflection points (HRIP) and deflection points (HRDP) in a progressive test of race walking (PTRW) before and after 20 training sessions. Methods: Participants were 13 young athletes (12.46 ± 1.61 years, 44.29 ± 10.25 kg, 157.93 ± 12.03 cm, 24.39 ± 7.60 F%). The PTRW was held at an official athletics track before and after training. The HR data and load were plotted every minute to identify the HRIP and HRDP. Results: The HR showed sigmoid behavior with the identification of transition points (TP), being in the pre-training: a) eight subjects HRIP (5.31 km·h-1; 125 bpm)and HRDP (7.63 km·h-1; 169 bpm); b) one subject only HRIP (7.00 km·h-1; 149 bpm); c) one subject only HRDP (8,00 km·h-1; 170 bpm); d) three subjects had no TP observed, and post-training: a) 12 subjects HRIP (5.46 km·h-1; 125 bpm) and HRDP (7.75 km·h-1; 168 bpm); b) one subject HRDP (7.50 km·h-1; 184 bpm). The HRIP was found to be significantly lower than the HRDP in pre-training (p<0.001) and post-training (p<0.001). When we compared HRIP and HRDP in the pre- and post-training we found no significant difference either in relation to the load (p=0.87 and p=0.61) or HR (p=0.60 and p=0.99). Conclusion: It is concluded that the HR has curvilinear relation with the load, and that it is possible to detect its transition points during PTRW.Introducción: La frecuencia cardiaca proporciona información útil para los entrenamientos de marcha atlética. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el comportamiento de la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) y sus puntos de inflexión (PIFC) y de deflexión (PDFC) en prueba progresiva de marcha atlética (PPMA) antes y después de 20 sesiones de entrenamiento. Métodos: Participaron 13 atletas jóvenes (12,46 ± 1,61 años, 44,29 ± 10,25 kg, 157,93 ± 12,03 cm, 24,39 ± 7,60 %G). El PPMA fue realizado en una pista oficial de atletismo antes y después del entrenamiento. Los datos de FC y carga fueron trazados cada minuto para identificación de PIFC y PDFC. Resultados: La FC presentó comportamiento sigmoideo, con identificación de los puntos de transición (PT), siendo en el pre-entrenamiento: a) ocho sujetos PIFC (5,31 km·h-1, 125 lpm) y PDFC (7,63 km·h-1; 169 lpm); b) un sujeto solamente PIFC (7,00 km·h-1; 149 lpm); c) un sujeto solamente PDFC (8,00 km·h-1, 170 lpm); d) tres sujetos sin detección de PT y post-entrenamiento: a) 12 sujetos PIFC (5,46 km·h-1, 125 lpm) y PDFC (7,75 Km·h-1; 168 lpm); b) un sujeto solamente PDFC (7,50 km·h-1, 184 lpm). El PIFC fue encontrado en carga significativamente inferior que el PDFC en el pre (p < 0,001) y en el post-entrenamiento (p < 0,001). Al comparar el PIFC y el PDFC pre y post-entrenamiento, no se encontró ninguna diferencia significativa, sea en relación a la carga (p = 0,87 y p = 0,61) o FC (p = 0,60; p = 0,99). Conclusión: Se concluye que la FC tiene relación curvilínea con la carga, siendo posible detectar sus puntos de transición en PPMA

Tabagismo, consumo alcoólico e tempo de sono em trabalhadores ativos da indústria do estado do Paraná-Brasil

Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o tabagismo, consumo alcoólico e tempo de sono associados aos fatores sociodemográficos em trabalhadores fisicamente ativos do Paraná.Metodologia Participaram 907 indivíduos (71 % homens e 29 % mulheres) que responderam o Questionário Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida e Saúde (QVS-80). Os participantes ativos corresponderam a 389 trabalhadores. Foi aplicado teste qui quadrado, qui quadrado (tendência linear) e exato de Fisher considerando p0,05.Resultados A prevalência de atividade física (AF) foi maior entre homens (49 %) que em mulheres (26 %) (p0,01). Mulheres jovens (p0,01) com maior escolaridade (p0,01) apresentaram maior tendência a AF. Tabagismo ocorreu em 15 % dos trabalhadores ativos, nos homens associado à idade (p0,05) e nível de instrução (p0,01). Relatou-se consumo alcoólico inadequado em 8 % dos homens ativos e 3 % das mulheres (p0,05). Tempo de sono não adequado foi associado à idade (p0,01) em ambos os gêneros, e renda familiar (p0,05) em mulheres.Conclusão Trabalhadores que praticam AF apresentam menor consumo de tabaco e álcool se comparados a resultados publicados com trabalhadores e populações inativas.Resumen Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar el tabaquismo, el consumo de alcohol y el tiempo de sueño asociados con factores sociodemográficos en los trabajadores activos físicamente Paraná. Métodos: Los participantes fueron 907 personas (hombres 71% y mujeres 29%) que respondieron el cuestionario de Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida y Salud (QVS-80). Los participantes activos correspondió a 389 trabajadores. Se aplicó chi-cuadrado, chi-cuadrado (tendencia lineal) y teniendo en cuenta exacta de Fisher

ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D genotype frequencies of professional soccer players in Brazil

ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D genotype frequencies of professional soccer players in Brazil. JEPonline 2017;10(1):1-10. The purpose of this study was to identify the genotype and allele distribution of ACTN3 and ACE genes in professional soccer players and to compare its distribution to the general population. Forty male professional players of a Brazilian first division soccer team participated in this study. Firstly, blood samples were drawn from an antecubital arm vein, and then, genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes using the salting-out technique. Lastly, ACTN3 and ACE polymorphism was determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Regarding to the ACTN3 R3557X gene of soccer player frequency distributions, the genotype RX(50%)>RR(45%)>XX(5%) and the allele R(70%)>X(30%). About the ACE I/D gene distribution, the genotype ID(57.5%)>DD(30%)>II(12.5%) and allele D(58.8%)>I (41.2%). However, the soccer player genotype and allele frequencies were not different to the control groups. In conclusion, our data indicated that ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D are not the best genetic marker for identifying a talent soccer player. Nevertheless, these results suggest that men who have the combination of both genotypes ‘ACTN3 RX’ and ‘ACE ID’ in these two different genes, are more likely to be a professional soccer player when compared to other genotype combinations

Novel equations to predict body fat percentage of Brazilian professional soccer players: A case study

This study analyzed classical and developed novel mathematical models to predict body fat percentage (%BF) in professional soccer players from the South Brazilian region using skinfold thicknesses measurement. Skinfolds of thirty one male professional soccer players (age of 21.48 ± 3.38 years, body mass of 79.05 ± 9.48 kg and height of 181.97 ± 8.11 cm) were introduced into eight mathematical models from the literature for the prediction of %BF; these results were then compared to Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). The classical equations were able to account from 65% to 79% of the variation of %BF in DXA. Statistical differences between most of the classical equations (seven of the eight classic equations) and DXA were found, rendering their widespread use in this population useless. We developed three new equations for prediction of %BF with skinfolds from: axils, abdomen, thighs and calves. Theses equations accounted for 86.5% of the variation in %BF obtained with DXA

ACT3 R577X and ACE I/D genotype frequencies of professional soccer players in Brazil

ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D genotype frequencies of professional soccer players in Brazil. JEPonline 2017;10(1):1-10. The purpose of this study was to identify the genotype and allele distribution of ACTN3 and ACE genes in professional soccer players and to compare its distribution to the general population. Forty male professional players of a Brazilian first division soccer team participated in this study. Firstly, blood samples were drawn from an antecubital arm vein, and then, genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes using the salting-out technique. Lastly, ACTN3 and ACE polymorphism was determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Regarding to the ACTN3 R3557X gene of soccer player frequency distributions, the genotype RX(50%)>RR(45%)>XX(5%) and the allele R(70%)>X(30%). About the ACE I/D gene distribution, the genotype ID(57.5%)>DD(30%)>II(12.5%) and allele D(58.8%)>I (41.2%). However, the soccer player genotype and allele frequencies were not different to the control groups. In conclusion, our data indicated that ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D are not the best genetic marker for identifying a talent soccer player. Nevertheless, these results suggest that men who have the combination of both genotypes ‘ACTN3 RX’ and ‘ACE ID’ in these two different genes, are more likely to be a professional soccer player when compared to other genotype combinations