145 research outputs found

    Synthesis, Characterization and Antiproliferative Activity of the Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II) and Pt(II) Complexes of 2-(4-Thiazolyl)Benzimidazole (Thiabendazole)

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    Complexes of 2-(4-thiazolyi)benzimidazole (thiabendazole, THBD) with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(ll) of general formula ML2(NO3)2 H2O and complexes of Pd(II) and Pt(II) of general formula ML2Cl2 H2O have been obtained and characterized by elemental analyses, IR and far IR spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. The X-ray crystal structure of the copper(II) complex has been determined. The in vitro cell proliferation inhibitory activity of these compounds was examined against human cancer cell lines A 549 (lung carcinoma), HCV-29 T (urinary bladder carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast cancer), T47D (breast cancer), MES-SA (uterine carcinoma) and HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia). Pt-THBD has been found to exhibit an antileukemic activity of the HL-60 line cells matching that of an arbitrary criterion

    Virtual histology study of atherosclerotic plaque composition in patients with stable angina and acute phase of acute coronary syndromes without ST segment elevation

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    Introduction Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is the cause of most acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Postmortem studies which compared stable coronary lesions and atherosclerotic plaques in patients who have died because of ACS indicated high lipid-core content as one of the major determinants of plaque vulnerability. Objective Our primary goal was to assess the potential relations of plaque composition determined by IVUS-VH (Intravascular Ultrasound - Virtual Histology) in patients with stable angina and subjects in acute phase of ACS without ST segment elevation. Methods The study comprised of 40 patients who underwent preintervention IVUS examination. Tissue maps were reconstructed from radio frequency data using IVUS-VH software. Results We analyzed 53 lesions in 40 patients. Stable angina was diagnosed in 24 patients (29 lesions), while acute phase of ACS without ST elevation was diagnosed in 16 patients (24 lesions). In the patients in acute phase of ACS without ST segment elevation IVUS-VH examination showed a significantly larger area of the necrotic core at the site of minimal lumen area and a larger mean of the necrotic core volume in the entire lesion comparing to stable angina subjects (1.84±0.90 mm2 vs. 0.96±0.69 mm2; p3 vs. 11.54±14.15 mm3; p<0.05 respectively). Conclusion IVUS-VH detected that the necrotic core was significantly larger in atherosclerotic lesions in patients in acute phase of ACS without ST elevation comparing to the stable angina subjects and that it could be considered as a marker of plaque vulnerability

    Tissue coverage of paclitaxel and sirolimus eluting stents in long term follow-up: Optical coherence tomography study

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    Background: Implantation of drug eluting stents (DES) has become a standard treatment ofpatients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Incomplete strut coverage isa potential risk factor for late stent thrombosis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enablesin vivo identification of incomplete neointimal coverage.Methods: Study included 62 patients after sirolimus eluting stents (SES) or paclitaxel elutingstents (PES) implantation. OCT examination was performed at least 24 months after theinitial procedure (35.4± 9.4 months). In cross-sectional still frames selected from each 1 mm ofanalyzed stents a total number of visible struts and number of struts with or without completeneointimal coverage was assessed. Measurements of neointimal coverage, presented as a meanthickness of tissue, were performed. Patients were followed up for 3 years and the frequency ofmajor adverse cardiac events was recorded.Results: In the analyzed 28 SES and 37 PES 9998 struts were identified. Complete neointimalcoverage was observed in 83.5% and 79.2% of SES and PES struts respectively (p = 0.48).There was no difference in incidence of not covered or malapposed struts between SES and PES groups. Mean thickness of the tissue covering SES struts was 0.165 ± 0.095 mm, and 0.157 ± 0.121 mm for PES. The mean neointimal thickness difference (SES vs. PES) was notstatistically significant. In a 36 months follow-up 1 death was observed — potentially attributedto stent thrombosis.Conclusions: A long term OCT follow-up after DES implantation shows high incidence ofuncovered struts regardless of the stent type. Clinical significance of this finding remains questionableand requires further large scale trials

    New insights into the possible role of bacteriophages in host defense and disease

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    BACKGROUND: While the ability of bacteriophages to kill bacteria is well known and has been used in some centers to combat antibiotics – resistant infections, our knowledge about phage interactions with mammalian cells is very limited and phages have been believed to have no intrinsic tropism for those cells. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS: At least some phages (e.g., T4 coliphage) express Lys-Arg-Gly (KGD) sequence which binds β3 integrins (primarily αIIbβ3). Therefore, phages could bind β3+ cells (platelets, monocytes, some lymphocytes and some neoplastic cells) and downregulate activities of those cells by inhibiting integrin functions. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS: Binding of KGD+ phages to β3 integrin+ cells may be detected using standard techniques involving phage – mediated bacterial lysis and plaque formation. Furthermore, the binding may be visualized by electron microscopy and fluorescence using labelled phages. Binding specificity can be confirmed with the aid of specific blocking peptides and monoclonal antibodies. In vivo effects of phage – cell interactions may be assessed by examining the possible biological effects of β3 blockade (e.g., anti-metastatic activity). IMPLICATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS: If, indeed, phages can modify functions of β3+ cells (platelets, monocytes, lymphocytes, cancer cells) they could be important biological response modifiers regulating migration and activities of those cells. Such novel understanding of their role could open novel perspectives in their potential use in treatment of cardiovascular and autoimmune disease, graft rejection and cancer

    A hunter-gatherer-farmer population model: Lie symmetries, exact solutions and their interpretation

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    The Lie symmetry classification of the known three-component reaction-diffusion system modelling the spread of an initially localized population of farmers into a region occupied by hunter-gatherers is derived. The Lie symmetries obtained for reducing the system in question to systems of ODEs and constructing exact solutions are applied. Several exact solutions of traveling front type are found, their properties are identified and biological interpretation is discussed

    Association of plasma concentrations of salicylic acid and high on ASA platelet reactivity in type 2 diabetes patients

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    Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between plasmaconcentrations of salicylic acid (SA) and other minor acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) metabolitesand high on ASA platelet reactivity assessed with different methods in type 2 diabetic patients(T2DM).Methods: Study cohort consisted of 293 T2DM patients on chronic ASA therapy. Plateletfunction inhibition was analyzed using measurements of serum thromboxane B2 (S-TxB2),VerifyNow Aspirin and Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA)-100 assays. The concentration of ASAmetabolites in plasma was measured with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: In logistic regression analysis both ASA dose/kg of body weight and plasma SAconcentration were found to be predictive of S-TxB2 concentrations above 0.72 ng/mL cut-offpoint (OR 16.9, 95% CI 2.29–125.8, p = 0.006 and OR 5.34, 95% CI 2.67–10.68, p &lt; 0.001,respectively). When using the VerifyNow Aspirin Assay, the concentrations of SA were signifi -cantly lower (p = 0.007) in the group with high on ASA platelet reactivity when compared withthe group with normal on ASA platelet reactivity. In logistic regression analysis plasma SAconcentration was found to be predictive of VerifyNow Aspirin Reaction Units (ARU) ≥ 550(OR 3.86, 95% CI 1.86–8.00, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Our study suggests that disturbances of pharmacokinetic mechanisms mightcontribute to lower plasma SA levels, and subsequently incomplete inhibition of thromboxane A2synthesis as measured with S-TxB2 concentrations and increased platelet reactivity measuredwith VerifyNow in T2DM patients

    TIMI Myocardial Perfusion Grade and ST-segment resolution in the assessment of coronary reperfusion after primary angioplasty

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    Wstęp: W określaniu wyniku leczenia reperfuzyjnego i wczesnej stratyfikacji ryzyka chorych z ostrym zawałem serca z uniesieniem odcinka ST (STEMI) ważne miejsce zajmują angiograficzne parametry przepływu wieńcowego, a także ustępowanie zmian odcinka ST po pierwotnej przezskórnej interwencji wieńcowej (pPCI). Angiograficzna ocena reperfuzji na poziomie tkankowym w terytorium tętnicy odpowiedzialnej za zawał (IRA) może być dokonywana na podstawie stopnia kontrastowania mikrokrążenia wieńcowego w skali TMPG (TIMI Myocardial Perfusion Grade). Ustępowanie zmian odcinka ST może być wyrażane przez wielkość odchylenia odcinka ST obecnego w EKG po leczeniu reperfuzyjnym (rezolucja bezwzględna) lub też przez jego redukcję w stosunku do wartości wyjściowych (rezolucja względna). W dotychczasowych badaniach relacji między angiograficznymi i elektrokardiograficznymi parametrami reperfuzji wieńcowej na ogół stosowano alternatywnie tylko jedną z dwóch wspominanych metod określenia rezolucji odcinka ST. Interesującym zagadnieniem wydaje się więc zbadanie wzajemnych zależności występujących między stopniem reperfuzji wieńcowej w skali TMPG a rezolucją odcinka ST określaną jednocześnie różnymi metodami.Cel: Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena zależności występujących między stopniem reperfuzji mikrokrążenia wieńcowego w skali TMPG a bezwzględną i względną rezolucją odcinka ST u chorych po skutecznym zabiegu pPCI.Metody: Badanie przeprowadzono w populacji chorych z ostrym STEMI poddanych skutecznej pPCI. Stopień reperfuzji mikrokrążenia wieńcowego w terytorium IRA określano w 4-stopniowej skali TMPG, w koronarografii wykonanej bezpośrednio po zakończeniu pPCI. Zmiany odcinka ST oceniano na podstawie EKG uzyskanych przed podjęciem leczenia (zapis wyjściowy) i wykonanym natychmiast po przeniesieniu chorego na oddział intensywnej terapii. Rezolucję odcinka ST analizowano na dwa zasadnicze sposoby: 1) jako sumaryczne rezydualne odchylenie odcinka ST (SSTD) w EKG wykonanym po zabiegu pPCI, sumując wartości uniesienia ST w odprowadzeniach zawałowych i obniżenia ST w odprowadzeniach przeciwstawnych (rezolucja bezwzględna); 2) jako redukcję sumarycznego odchylenia ST w stosunku do zmian w EKG wyjściowym, będące wartością procentową (rezolucja względna, SSTD%). Ponadto EKG wykonywane po pPCI analizowano pod kątem obecności zmian odcinka ST odpowiadających kategorii wysokiego ryzyka wystąpienia zgonu po zawale. Jako elektrokardiograficzne kryterium wysokiego ryzyka (Wyznacznik EKG Wysokiego Ryzyka) przyjęto obecność uniesienia ST &gt; 1 mm w zawale ściany dolnej lub &gt; 2 mm w zawale ściany przedniej po zabiegu PCI.Wyniki: Badana populacja obejmowała 183 chorych (64,5% mężczyzn) w wieku 58,71 ± 15,76 roku. W czasie pPCIw 90% przypadków wszczepiono stent. U połowy chorych zastosowano antagonistę receptora IIb/IIIa. Angiograficzne cechy znacznie upośledzonej reperfuzji mikrokrążenia (TMPG 0 lub 1) były obecne u 66 (36,06%) osób, zaś otwarte mikrokrążenie (TMPG 2 lub 3) w 117 (63,93%) przypadków. Średnia wartość SSTD wynosiła 7,20 ± 6,35 mm, a średnia wartość SSTD% — 50 ± 45%. Wyznacznik EKG Wysokiego Ryzyka był obecny po pPCI u 60 chorych (32,79% całej populacji). Stwierdzono istotną, ale słabą, ujemną korelację między TMPG i SSTD (r = –0,27; p = 0,0002). Wartości SSTD różniły się istotnie między grupami TMPG 0 vs. TMPG 2 i TMPG 3 (odpowiednio: p = 0,0034 i 0,0121), a także między TMPG 1 vs. TMPG 2 (p = 0,02). Zależności między stopniem TMPG i SSTD% okazały się słabsze. Wprawdzie stwierdzono istotną, choć bardzo słabą, dodatnią korelację TMPG z SSTD% (r = 0,16; p = 0,0286), jednak dalsze analizy wykazały statystyczną nieistotność różnic wartości SSTD% w poszczególnych stopniach TMPG (p = 0,1756). Reperfuzji wieńcowej odpowiadającej TMPG 2/3 znamiennie częściej towarzyszyła nieobecność Wyznacznika EKG Wysokiego Ryzyka (p = 0,0007). Jednak u ok. 34% wszystkich chorych angiograficzne cechy otwartego lub zamkniętego mikrokrążenia nie korelowały z występowaniem EKG Wysokiego Ryzyka.Wnioski: U chorych skutecznie leczonych pPCI stopień reperfuzji wieńcowej w skali TMPG pozostaje w wyraźniejszym związku z bezwzględną niż ze względną sumaryczną rezolucją odchylenia odcinka ST. U większości chorych z otwartym mikrokrążeniem (TMPG 2/3) maksymalna wartość SSTD najczęściej nie spełnia kryterium wysokiego ryzyka zgonu. Jednak w ok. 1/3 przypadków angiograficzna ocena reperfuzji wieńcowej w skali TMPG nie koreluje z występowaniem elektrokardiograficznych cech wysokiego ryzyka. Stanowi to argument za komplementarnością obu metod w ocenie skuteczności reperfuzji wieńcowej.Background: Angiographic coronary flow parameters and resolution of ST segment changes play an important role in the evaluation of reperfusion in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In previous studies on the relation between angiographic and electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters of coronary reperfusion, several alternative methods to assess ST segment resolution were used. Thus, the relation between the TIMI Myocardial Perfusion Grade (TMPG) and different methods to evaluate ST segment resolution seems to be of interest.Aim: To evaluate the relationship between TMPG and absolute and relative ST segment resolution after successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).Methods: We studied a population of STEMI patients successfully treated with pPCI. Reperfusion of the coronary microcirculation was determined using 4-grade TMPG scale in coronary angiography performed after successful pPCI. ST segment resolution was analysed in two manners: 1) by calculating the sum of ST segment elevation in infarct leads and depression in reciprocal leads after pPCI (absolute resolution, SSTD); 2) as a percent reduction of summed ST segment deviation from the baseline value (relative resolution, SSTD%). Maximum ST segment elevation in a single lead on the postprocedural ECG was measured to categorise the risk of death. ST segment elevation &gt; 1 mm for an inferior infarct or &gt; 2 mm for an anterior infarct was considered the criterion of high risk (high risk ECG).Results: The study population included 183 patients treated with pPCI. We found a significant but weak negative correlation between TMPG and SSTD (r = –0.27, p = 0.0002). Significant differences in median SSTD were observed between TMPG 0 vs. TMPG 2 and TMPG 3 groups (p = 0.0034 and 0.0121, respectively) and also between TMPG 1 and TMPG 2 (p = 0.02). A significant but very weak positive correlation was found between TMPG and SSTD% (r = 0.16,p = 0.0286). However, further analyses showed that differences in median SSTD% between patients with different TMPG values were statistically insignificant (p = 0.1756). In patients with TMPG 2/3, a high risk ECG was absent considerably more often (p = 0.0007). However, angiographic features of successfully vs. unsuccessfully reperfused microcirculation did not correspond to the presence of a high risk ECG in about 34% of cases.Conclusions: TMPG is more closely related to absolute compared to relative ST segment resolution. A high risk ECG was absent in most patients with TMPG 2 or 3. However, in about one third of cases TMPG did not correspond to the presence of ECG high risk features. These data suggest that TMPG is complementary to ST segment resolution in the assessment of coronary reperfusion
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