143 research outputs found
Mass predictions of exotic nuclei within a macro-microscopic model
International audienceDifferent Liquid Drop Model mass formulae have been studied. They include a Coulomb diffuseness correction Z2/A term and pairing and shell energies of the Thomas-Fermi model. The influence of the selected charge radius, the curvature energy and different forms of the Wigner term has been investigated. Their coefficients have been determined by a least square fitting procedure to 2027 experimental atomic masses. The different fits lead to a surface energy coefficient of 17-18 MeV. A large equivalent rms radius (r0 = 1.22 − 1.24 fm) or a shorter central radius may be used. A rms deviation of 0.54 MeV can be reached between the experimental and theoretical masses. The remaining differences come from the determination of the shell and pairing energies. Mass predictions are given for exotic nuclei
Macro-microscopic mass formulae and nuclear mass predictions
Different mass formulae derived from the liquid drop model and the pairing and shell energies of the Thomas-Fermi model have been studied and compared. They include or not the diffuseness correction to the Coulomb energy, the charge exchange correction term, the curvature energy, different forms of the Wigner term and powers of the relative neutron excess I = (N − Z)/A. Their coefficients have been determined by a least square fitting procedure to 2027 experimental atomic masses [1]. The Coulomb diffuseness correction Z2/A term or the charge exchange correction Z4/3/A1/3 term plays the main role to improve the accuracy of the mass formula. The Wigner term and the curvature energy can also be used separately but their coefficients are very unstable. The different fits lead to a surface energy coefficient of around 17-18 MeV. A large equivalent rms radius (r0 = 1.22−1.24 fm) or a shorter central radius may be used. A rms deviation of 0.54 MeV can be reached between the experimental and theoretical masses. The remaining differences come probably mainly from the determination of the shell and pairing energies. Mass predictions of selected expressions have been compared to 161 new experimental masses and the correct agreement allows to provide extrapolations to masses of 656 selected exotic nuclei
On the liquid drop model mass formulas and alpha decay of the heaviest nuclei
International audienceThe coefficients of different macro-microscopic Liquid Drop Model mass formulas have been determined by a least square fitting procedure to 2027 experimental atomic masses. A rms deviation of 0.54 MeV can be reached. The remaining differences come mainly from the determination of the shell and pairing energies. Extrapolations are compared to 161 new experimental masses and to 656 mass evaluations. The different fits lead to a surface energy coefficient of around 17-18 MeV. Finally, alpha decay potential barriers are revisited and predictions of alpha decay half-lives of still unknown superheavy elements are given from previously proposed analytical formulas and from extrapolated Qalpha values
On the liquid drop model mass formulas and decay of the heaviest nuclei
The coefficients of different macro-microscopic Liquid Drop Model mass formulas have been determined by a least square fitting procedure to 2027 experimental atomic masses. A rms deviation of 0.54 MeV can be reached. The remaining differences come mainly from the determination of the shell and pairing energies. Extrapolations are compared to 161 new experimental masses and to 656 mass evaluations. The different fits lead to a surface energy coefficient of around 17-18 MeV. Finally, decay potential barriers are revisited and predictions of decay half-lives of still unknown superheavy elements are given from previously proposed analytical formulas and from extrapolated Q values
New antineutrino energy spectra predictions from the summation of beta decay branches of the fission products
In this paper, we study the impact of the inclusion of the recently measured
beta decay properties of the Tc, Mo, and
Nb nuclei in an updated calculation of the antineutrino energy spectra
of the four fissible isotopes U, and Pu. These
actinides are the main contributors to the fission processes in Pressurized
Water Reactors. The beta feeding probabilities of the above-mentioned Tc, Mo
and Nb isotopes have been found to play a major role in the component
of the decay heat of Pu, solving a large part of the
discrepancy in the 4 to 3000\,s range. They have been measured using the Total
Absorption Technique (TAS), avoiding the Pandemonium effect. The calculations
are performed using the information available nowadays in the nuclear
databases, summing all the contributions of the beta decay branches of the
fission products. Our results provide a new prediction of the antineutrino
energy spectra of U, Pu and in particular of U for
which no measurement has been published yet. We conclude that new TAS
measurements are mandatory to improve the reliability of the predicted spectra.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Antineutrino emission and gamma background characteristics from a thermal research reactor
The detailed understanding of the antineutrino emission from research
reactors is mandatory for any high sensitivity experiments either for
fundamental or applied neutrino physics, as well as a good control of the gamma
and neutron backgrounds induced by the reactor operation. In this article, the
antineutrino emission associated to a thermal research reactor: the OSIRIS
reactor located in Saclay, France, is computed in a first part. The calculation
is performed with the summation method, which sums all the contributions of the
beta decay branches of the fission products, coupled for the first time with a
complete core model of the OSIRIS reactor core. The MCNP Utility for Reactor
Evolution code was used, allowing to take into account the contributions of all
beta decayers in-core. This calculation is representative of the isotopic
contributions to the antineutrino flux which can be found at research reactors
with a standard 19.75\% enrichment in U. In addition, the required
off-equilibrium corrections to be applied to converted antineutrino energy
spectra of uranium and plutonium isotopes are provided. In a second part, the
gamma energy spectrum emitted at the core level is provided and could be used
as an input in the simulation of any reactor antineutrino detector installed at
such research facilities. Furthermore, a simulation of the core surrounded by
the pool and the concrete shielding of the reactor has been developed in order
to propagate the emitted gamma rays and neutrons from the core. The origin of
these gamma rays and neutrons is discussed and the associated energy spectrum
of the photons transported after the concrete walls is displayed.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, Data in Appendix A and B (13 pages
On the origin of the reactor antineutrino anomalies in light of a new summation model with parameterized transitions
We investigate the possible origins of the norm and shape reactor
antineutrino anomalies in the framework of a summation model (SM) where
transitions are simulated by a phenomenological Gamow-Teller
-decay strength model. The general trends of the discrepancies to the
Huber-Mueller model on the antineutrino side can be reproduced both in norm and
shape. From the exact electron-antineutrino correspondence of the SM model, we
predict similar distortions in the electron spectra, suggesting that biases on
the reference fission-electron spectra could be at the origin of the anomalies
Reactor Simulation for Antineutrino Experiments using DRAGON and MURE
Rising interest in nuclear reactors as a source of antineutrinos for
experiments motivates validated, fast, and accessible simulations to predict
reactor fission rates. Here we present results from the DRAGON and MURE
simulation codes and compare them to other industry standards for reactor core
modeling. We use published data from the Takahama-3 reactor to evaluate the
quality of these simulations against the independently measured fuel isotopic
composition. The propagation of the uncertainty in the reactor operating
parameters to the resulting antineutrino flux predictions is also discussed.Comment: This version has increased discussion of uncertaintie
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) in intensive care units: strong correlation with the ESBLE colonization pressure in patients but not same species
Sink drains of six intensive care units (ICUs) were sampled for screening contamination with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE). A high prevalence (59.4%) of sink drain contamination was observed. Analysing the data by ICU, the ratio \u27number of ESBLE species isolated in sink drains/total number of sink drains sampled\u27 was highly correlated (Spearman coefficient: 0.87; P = 0.02) with the ratio \u27number of hospitalization days for patients with ESBLE carriage identified within the preceding year/total number of hospitalization days within the preceding year\u27. Concurrently, the distribution of ESBLE species differed significantly between patients and sink drains
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