An in-situ combustion simulator for enhanced oil recovery

A multi-dimensional three phase flow simulator is written tosimulate the process of in-situ combustion. It has six components(oxygen, inert gas, a light oil, a heavy oil, water, and coke). Theinert gas consists of all the noncondensible gases other than oxygen.The vaporization and condensation of both water and oil is governed byvapour-liquid equilibria, using temperature and pressure dependentequilibrium coefficients. Splitting of the oil into fractions is doneto include the distillation effect.The model includes four chemical reactions. These represent inturn the formation of coke from the heavy oil, the oxidation of thecoke, and the oxidation of the light and the heavy oil. Heattransport is assumed to take place by convection and conduction. Theeffects of gravity, capillary pressure between any two fluid phases,and heat losses to the surrounding rock via conduction are alsoincluded.The model is validated using the ISCOM simulator. This has beencarried out by comparing the results from the present simulator withthese from similar calculations performed using the ISCOM simulator.ISCOM is a fully implicit multi-dimensional finite difference generalthermal simulator developed by the computing modelling group (CMG) atCalgary. This comparison is needed in order to establish confidenceIn the predictive capability of the present model for a particularreservoir.In addition, a comprehensive study of the effect of the maininput parameters on the performance characteristics of the in-situcombustion process is carried out. This study is made in order toindicate which data are "important" in the sense of having asignificant influence on the performance characteristics of theprocess and to test the robustness of the program to changes in theinput parameters

Caracterización general de los aspectos a evaluar establecidos por el cna con fines de acreditación institucional.

El proceso de acreditación repercute directamente en la calidad de la institución y de sus programas académicos. Para alcanzar la acreditación, se deben surtir etapas de autoevaluación que permitan obtener insumos en pro de identificar fortalezas y debilidades de una Universidad en este escenario. Una etapa fundamental dentro del ciclo de acreditación, es la recolección de información, siendo este, el único medio que permite analizar la situación actual de la institución y estructurar planes de mejoramiento que puedan proyectarse en acciones correctivas, preventivas y de mejora para el logro de este objetivo. Este documento tiene como fundamento, determinar la situación actual de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander sede Cúcuta y el grado de cumplimiento con respecto a cada uno de los factores establecidos por el CNA en materia de acreditación institucional en etapa previa a la autoevaluación.PregradoIngeniero(a) Industria

Solar membrane natural gas steam-reforming process: evaluation of reactor performance

In this work, the performance of an innovative plant for efficient hydrogen production using solar energy for the process heat duty requirements has been evaluated via a detailed 2D model. The steam-reforming reactor consists of a bundle of coaxial double tubes assembled in a shell. The annular section of each tube is the reaction zone in which Ni-based catalyst pellets are packed, whereas the inner tube is a dense Pd-based selective membrane that is able to remove hydrogen from the reaction zone. By coupling reaction and hydrogen separation, equilibrium constrains inside the reactor are circumvented and high methane conversions at relatively low temperatures are achieved. The heat needed for the steam-reforming reaction at this low operating temperature can be supplied by using a molten salt stream, heated up to 550 °C by a parabolic mirror solar plant, as heating fluid. The effects on membrane reactor performance of some operating conditions, as gas mixture residence time, reaction pressure and steam-to-carbon ratio, are assessed together with the enhancement of methane conversion with respect to the traditional process, evaluated in the range 40.5-130.9% at the same operating conditions. Moreover, owing to the use of a solar source for chemical process heat duty requirements, the greenhouse gases (GHG) reduction is estimated to be in the range 33-67

Theoretical study of a membrane reactor for the water gas shift reaction under nonisothermal conditions

A simulation of a membrane reactor for the water gas shift reaction is carried out by means of a 1D pseudo-homogeneous nonisothermal mathematical model. The composite membrane consists of a dense layer of Pd (selective to H2) supported over a porous ceramic layer. The effect of temperature, overall heat-transfer coefficient, and mode of operation on the membrane reactor performance and stability are analyzed, and the results obtained are compared with those corresponding to a reactor with no hydrogen permeation. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.Fil: Adrover, María Esperanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Borio, Daniel Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Pedernera, Marisa Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentin