The UW solution for canine kidney preservation: Its specific effect on renal hemodynamics and microvasculature

The preservation effects of UW solution on renal hemodynamics and microvascular systems were studied in canine kidney autografts. In 72-hr UW-preserved kidneys, the microvessels of both cortex and medulla were completely visualized with silicon rubber compound 1 hr after reperfusion. Histology also showed extremely well-preserved arterioglomerular and tubular systems. These results were correlated with good renal blood flow, prompt recovery of posttransplant graft function, and 100% two-week survival of dogs. In contrast, kidneys preserved for 72 hr with Euro-Collins solution showed necrotic and obstructive changes of the microvasculature and deterioration of renal hemodynamics. In 120-hr UW-preserved kidneys, the microcirculation of the medullary region became poor after reflow when there was fairly intact perfusion of the cortical region, indicating an ischemia-related intrarenal blood flow maldistribution. The 120-hr kidneys subsequently failed in spite of having a good blood flow and morphologically well-maintained microvasculature after reperfusion. These data demonstrated that much, but not all, of the beneficial effect of UW solution in kidney preservation might be attributed to its remarkable protection of renal microvasculature. Correction of intrarenal blood maldistribution caused by a discrepancy in tolerance to ischemia of the vascular and tubular systems might be important in successfully preserving the kidney for 120 hr. © 1989 by Williams & Wilkins

Induction of graft acceptance after dog kidney or liver transplantation

We have reported that, a short delayed course of intramuscular FK 506 can induce a,donor strain-specific immunologic unresponsiveness to cardiac allograft in rats.1 Further studies have been performed to determine if this agent can induce graft acceptance after canine renal (KT) or hepatic (OLT) allotransplantation. Preliminary descriptions of these efforts have been published.

Integrated external cavity laser composed of spot-size converted LD and UV written grating in silica waveguides on Si

The authors report for the first time an external cavity laser composed of a spot-size converted LD and a UV written waveguide grating, both integrated on Si. The laser operates in a single mode with a side-mode suppression of 37 dB. The threshold current is 12 mA and the average thermal coefficient is as low as -1.7 GHz

Characterization of the binding of botulinum type B 16S toxin to human intestinal epithelial cells

Botulinum neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum type B is a complex of 12S and 16S toxins. 12S toxin consists of a neurotoxin and a nontoxic non-HA (NTNH). The 16S toxin consists of a neurotoxin, an NTNH, and a hemagglutinin (HA). Food-borne botulism is caused by these complex toxins, which are ingested orally and absorbed from the digestive tract across the epithelial barrier lining the gut. Here we show that the type B 16S toxin, but not the 12S toxin or the neurotoxin, binds to the T84 human intestinal epithelial cell line. We also demonstrate that the HA moiety in the 16S toxin mediates the toxin binding to the cells. The carbohydrates containing a galactose moiety inhibited the binding of the 16S toxin to the T84 cells, and neuraminidase treatment of the cells increased the 16S toxin binding. The binding of the 16S toxin to the neuraminidase-treated cells was also inhibited by carbohydrates containing a galactose moiety. These results suggest that the type B 16S toxin binds to human intestinal epithelial cells via the galactose moiety in the carbohydrate chain on the cell surface

12-core x 3-mode Dense Space Division Multiplexed Transmission over 40 km Employing Multi-carrier Signals with Parallel MIMO Equalization

We demonstrate dense SDM transmission of 20-WDM multi-carrier PDM-32QAM signals over a 40-km 12-core x 3-mode fiber with 247.9-b/s/Hz spectral efficiency. Parallel MIMO equalization enables 21-ns DMD compensation with 61 TDE taps per subcarrier

Draft Genome Sequencing and Comparative Analysis of Aspergillus sojae NBRC4239

We conducted genome sequencing of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus sojae NBRC4239 isolated from the koji used to prepare Japanese soy sauce. We used the 454 pyrosequencing technology and investigated the genome with respect to enzymes and secondary metabolites in comparison with other Aspergilli sequenced. Assembly of 454 reads generated a non-redundant sequence of 39.5-Mb possessing 13 033 putative genes and 65 scaffolds composed of 557 contigs. Of the 2847 open reading frames with Pfam domain scores of >150 found in A. sojae NBRC4239, 81.7% had a high degree of similarity with the genes of A. oryzae. Comparative analysis identified serine carboxypeptidase and aspartic protease genes unique to A. sojae NBRC4239. While A. oryzae possessed three copies of α-amyalse gene, A. sojae NBRC4239 possessed only a single copy. Comparison of 56 gene clusters for secondary metabolites between A. sojae NBRC4239 and A. oryzae revealed that 24 clusters were conserved, whereas 32 clusters differed between them that included a deletion of 18 508 bp containing mfs1, mao1, dmaT, and pks-nrps for the cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) biosynthesis, explaining the no productivity of CPA in A. sojae. The A. sojae NBRC4239 genome data will be useful to characterize functional features of the koji moulds used in Japanese industries