Magneto-optics induced by the spin chirality in itinerant ferromagnet Nd2_2Mo2_2O7_7

It is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally that the spin chirality associated with a noncoplanar spin configuration produces a magneto-optical effect. Numerical study of the two-band Hubbard model on a triangle cluster shows that the optical Hall conductivity $\sigma_{xy}(\omega)$ is proportional to the spin chirality. The detailed comparative experiments on pyrochlore-type molybdates $R_2$Mo$_2$O$_7$ with $R=$Nd (Ising-like moments) and $R=$Gd (Heisenberg-like ones) clearly distinguishes the two mechanisms, i.e., spin chirality and spin-orbit interactions. It is concluded that for $R$=Nd, $\sigma_{xy}(\omega)$ is dominated by the spin chirality for the dc ($\omega=0$) and the $d \to d$ incoherent intraband optical transitions between Mo atoms.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev.

Comment on "Origin of Giant Optical Nonlinearity in Charge-Transfer--Mott Insulators: A New Paradigm for Nonlinear Optics"

Comment on Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2086 (2001)Comment: 1 page, 1 eps figur

Dimensionality dependence of optical nonlinearity and relaxation dynamics in cuprates

Femtosecond pump-probe measurements find pronounced dimensionality dependence of the optical nonlinearity in cuprates. Although the coherent two-photon absorption (TPA) and linear absorption bands nearly overlap in both quasi-one and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) cuprates, the TPA coefficient is one order of magnitude smaller in 2D than in 1D. Furthermore, picosecond recovery of optical transparency is observed in 1D cuprates, while the recovery in 2D involves relaxation channels with a time scales of tens of picoseconds. The experimental results are interpreted within the two-band extended Hubbard model.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Liver function changes after transarterial chemoembolization in US hepatocellular carcinoma patients: The LiverT study

Background: The real-world incidence of chronic liver damage after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is unclear. LiverT, a retrospective, observational study, assessed liver function deterioration after a single TACE in real-world hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in US practice. Methods: Eligible HCC patients identified from Optum's integrated database using standard codes as having had an index TACE between 2010 and 2016 with no additional oncologic therapy in the subsequent 3 months. At least one laboratory value (bilirubin, albumin, aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], international normalized ratio [INR]) was required at baseline and the acute ( 6429 days after TACE) and chronic (30-90 days after TACE) periods. Due to lack of universally accepted liver function deterioration criteria, clinically meaningful changes in laboratory parameters were pre-defined by authors (FP, RM, and SO). Results: Of the 3963 TACE patients, 572 were eligible for analyses. Deterioration of liver function from baseline occurred in the acute period and persisted in the chronic period (bilirubin 30 and 23%, albumin 52 and 31%, AST 44 and 25%, ALT 43 and 25%, INR 25 and 15%, respectively). In a subgroup analysis, a higher proportion of patients with diabetes had deterioration in AST and ALT. Conclusions: A clinically meaningful proportion of real-world HCC patients had deterioration of liver function-related laboratory values 30-90 days after a single TACE in modern US practice. Future electronic health record research may help determine causality. The present findings highlight the need for the careful selection of patients for TACE, which is important to help optimize the benefit of the overall HCC treatment course

Anomalous Hall Effect and Magnetic Monopoles in Momentum-Space

Efforts to find the magnetic monopole in real space have been made in cosmic rays and in accelerators, but up to now there is no firm evidence for its existence due to the very heavy mass $\sim 10^{16}$GeV. However, we show that the magnetic monopole can appear in the crystal-momentum space of solids in the accessible low energy region ($\sim0.1-1$eV) in the context of the anomalous Hall effect. We report experimental results together with first-principles calculations on the ferromagnetic crystal SrRuO$_3$ that provide evidence for the magnetic monopole in the crystal-momentum space.Comment: 4 figures, the supporting-online-materails are include

Pump Built-in Hamiltonian Method for Pump-Probe Spectroscopy

We propose a new method of calculating nonlinear optical responses of interacting electronic systems. In this method, the total Hamiltonian (system + system-pump interaction) is transformed into a different form that (apparently) does not have a system-pump interaction. The transformed Hamiltonian, which we call the pump built-in Hamiltonian, has parameters that depend on the strength of the pump beam. Using the pump built-in Hamiltonian, we can calculate nonlinear responses (responses to probe beams as a function of the pump beam) by applying the {\em linear} response theory. We demonstrate the basic idea of this new method by applying it to a one-dimensional, two-band model, in the case the pump excitation is virtual (coherent excitation). We find that the exponent of the Fermi edge singularity varies with the pump intensity.Comment: 6 page

OntoEPFS: uma ontologia para experimentos em mapeamento digital de solos.

A descrição formal de experimentos para aquisição, tratamento, análises de dados, compartilhamento e reprodução dos resultados obtidos é fundamental para os cientistas envolvidos. Ontologias vêm sendo utilizadas para criar modelos formais para disseminação de informação e conhecimento. Este artigo apresenta uma ontologia para apoiar o Experimento de Predição de Informações de Fertilidades de Solos (OntoEPFS) em Mapeamento Digital de Solos (DSM). O EPFS se encontra em desenvolvimento na Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, no Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Solos ? Embrapa Solos. A adoção dessa ontologia, por parte da Embrapa Solos, facilitará a descrição, a formalização e a disponibilização de conhecimentos sobre os experimentos realizados por esta unidade.SBIAgro 2009

Relaxation Dynamics of Photocarriers in One-Dimensional Mott Insulators Coupled to Phonons

We examine recombination processes of photocarriers in one-dimensional Mott insulators coupled to phonons. Performing density matrix renormalization group calculations, we find that, even for small electron-phonon coupling, many phonons are generated dynamically, which cause initial relaxation process after the irradiation. At the same time, spin-charge coupling coming from mixing of high- and low-energy states by the irradiation is suppressed. We discuss differences between Mott and band insulators in terms of relaxation dynamics.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure