On the torsion in a group F/[M,N]\bf F/[M,N] in the case of combinatorial asphericity of groups F/M\bf F/M and F/N\bf F/N

Let $F$ be a non-Abelian free group with basis $A$, $M$ and $N$ be the normal closures of sets $R_M$ and $R_N$ of words in the alphabet $A^{\pm 1}$. As is known, the group $F/[N, N]$ is torsion-free, but, in general, torsion in $F/[M, N]$ is possible. In the paper of Hartley and Kuz'min (1991), it was proved that if $R_M=\{v\}$, $R_N=\{w\}$ and words $v$ and $w$ are not a proper power in $F$, then $F/[M,N]$ is torsion-free. In the present paper a sufficient condition for the absence of torsion in $F/[M,N]$ is obtained, which allows to generalize the result of Hartley and Kuz'min to arbitrary words $v$ and $w$.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1503.0619

COMBINATION OF TETRALOGY OF FALLOT AND HEMOPHILIA IN A CHILD: CASE REPORT

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is formed during intrauterine period but, as a rule, they are not hereditary. Hemophilia A belongs to the group of hereditary coagulopathies stipulated by deficiency of coagulation factor VIII and characterized by bleeding of hematoma like type. Combination of these two diseases is rather rare that requires cardiosurgeons’ apprehensive attitude.We present our experience in surgical treatment of a boy of 8 months old with Tetralogy of Fallot. Hemophilia A was found in preoperative examination. He was successfully operated with cardiac pulmonary bypass on the background of factor VII injection.Surgical treatment was successful without significant bleeding. Postoperative period was uneventful. For successful treatment of CHD with coagulation failure is very important timely diagnosis, that can be difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms in children.Surgical treatment is the method of choice in TOF. Timely and complete diagnosis of comorbidities allows to make it safe even in case of Hemophilia A.Congenital heart disease (CHD) is formed during intrauterine period but, as a rule, they are not hereditary. Hemophilia A belongs to the group of hereditary coagulopathies stipulated by deficiency of coagulation factor VIII and characterized by bleeding of hematoma like type. Combination of these two diseases is rather rare that requires cardiosurgeons’ apprehensive attitude.We present our experience in surgical treatment of a boy of 8 months old with Tetralogy of Fallot. Hemophilia A was found in preoperative examination. He was successfully operated with cardiac pulmonary bypass on the background of factor VII injection.Surgical treatment was successful without significant bleeding. Postoperative period was uneventful. For successful treatment of CHD with coagulation failure is very important timely diagnosis, that can be difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms in children.Surgical treatment is the method of choice in TOF. Timely and complete diagnosis of comorbidities allows to make it safe even in case of Hemophilia A

Victim blaming among young students

The article presents basic information on the problem of victim blaming, describes the history of the appearance of this concept. Major factors in the formation of victim blaming such as patriarchal attitudes, the phenomenon of a just world, family and upbringing, established social cliches and patterns of relationships and the media have been identified. The results of the study have been presented, from which the level of awareness of young people about the problem of victim blaming and their views in the context of the problem have been outlined. The role of the immediate environment in relation to the victim of the situation has been considered, and the influence of the media on the formation of victim blaming among students has been outlined. The problem outlined reflects the impact of victim blading on young people and the further consequences of this negative experience

Comparative analysis of corneal histomorphology of adults and children with hyperopia after intrastromal femtosecond laser keratomileusis

Purpose. A comparative analysis of cornea histomorphology of adults and children with hyperopic refraction after femtosecond laser intrastromal keratomileusis (FemtoLASIK).Material and methods. Histomorphology in 129 patients (139 eyes) was analyzed using the Confoscan–4 after the operation performed by the FemtoLASIK technique using the devices of the Intralase FS and the MicroScan 2000. The first group included 73 patients (73 eyes) aged 6 to 17 years, the second – 56 patients (66 eyes) aged from 20 to 56 years. The follow-up period was 1 year.Results. Before the operation there were differences between the two groups on the density of keratocytes in the layers of the corneal stroma: in the anterior layer of stroma – by 4.73%, in the middle layer – by 8.18% (p=0.027), in the posterior layer of stroma – by 7.19% higher in children. After the surgery, in both groups the density of keratocytes in the ablation zone dropped, and remained reduced up to 1 year, in children by 41.7%, in adults by 33.53%. In the early postoperative period a more severe degree of epithelial damage was in adults, the inflammatory response to the energy impact dominated in children. In both groups, the scarring formation in the corneal flap started at 1 month, re-innervation – at 3 months, the morphological features of the dry eye syndrome were expressed in a period from 3 to 6 months and decreased at 1 year after surgery.Conclusions. The density of keratocytes in the central stroma was significantly higher in children. After 1 year postoperatively morphological signs of dry eye syndrome decreased in both groups, the density of endothelial cells matched to the age norm, density of keratocytes in the ablation zone remained reduced

Agent-based modeling of the impact of advertising on the regional economic cluster lifecycle

The aim of the study is the development and testing of an algorithm for modeling the impact of advertising on various stages of the life cycle of economic clusters. It is assumed, that the life cycle of the cluster consists of the stages: a diffuse group, a hidden cluster, an evolving cluster, a mature cluster, a collapsing cluster. Using the agent-based simulation methods, hierarchical clustering and chaos theory, the following results were obtained: a conceptual model of the behavior of cluster members for cluster formation processes at each stage of the cluster life cycle and an imitation model of the influence of advertising on the life cycle of the economic cluster; the patterns of various stages of the life cycle of the economic cluster and the functioning of the cluster without influence and under the influence of advertising were revealed. Advertising reduces the time at the stages of the associated life cycle of the cluster, increases the stage of maturity of the cluster. Companies that do not comply with the principles of clustering are under the influence of advertising and promotional activities. Such enterprises most often arise in the cluster at the stages of its formation

The quality of medical care in a round-the-clock hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic

Violations in the provision of medical care are detected by controlling the volume, timing, quality and conditions of medical care. The objective of the work is assessment of the activities of the round-the-clock hospital from the standpoint of the quality of medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. A database of indicators reflecting the activity of round-the-clock hospital for four years, from 2017 to 2020 (Omsk) was formed. Analytical, statistical methods and the method of expert assessments were used to analyze the required indicators. Results. Evaluation of inpatient hospital activities during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the “pre-pandemic” years showed a 1.9-fold and 2.9-fold decrease in the total number of quality examinations performed and the number of defects detected, respectively. The number of defects that were grounds for denial or reduction of payment for medical care found in the “before-COVID-19” years was 2.1 times higher than in 2020. In 2020, the weight of the share of those defects that directly reflect the quality of medical care increased signifcantly. The quantitative composition of the inpatient hospital staff changed insignifcantly during the analyzed period – the number of physicians increased  by only 5 % over four years, with no dynamics in the qualitative characteristics of the staff. The number of medical equipment increased by 27.6 %. Due to re-profling in 2020, there was a decrease in the number of hospitalized patients, with an increase in the proportion of patients admitted by emergency care (up to 91 %) and an increase in mortality by 2.7 times. Conclusions. One of the conditions for maintaining high quality of medical care is a balance between the main components of quality: accessibility, timeliness, sufciency, efciency and safety and the speed of its achievement, which in turn depends on the amount of resources and reserves

Improving energy efficiency of traction rolling stock

The paper considers relevant to the rail industry the problem of energy efficiency of traction rolling stock through the introduction of energy-saving technologies.В работе рассмотрена актуальная для железнодорожной отрасли проблема повышения энергетической эффективности тягового подвижного состава за счет внедрения энерго- и ресурсосберегающих технологий