Про оцінку ймовірності переповнення буферу для мереж зв’язку

In recent years, a large number of research of telecommunications traffic have been conducted. It was found that traffic has a number of specific properties that distinguish it from ordinary traffic. Namely: it has the properties of self-similarity, multifractality, long-term dependence and distribution of the amount of load coming from one source. At present, many other models of traffic with self-similarity properties and so on have been built in other researched works on this topic. Such models are investigated in this paper, which considers traffic in telecommunications networks, the probability of overflow traffic buffer. Statistical models are built to analyze traffic in telecommunications networks, in particular to research the probability of buffer overflow for communication networks. The article presents the results of the analysis of processes in telecommunication networks, in particular traffic; research of possibilities of representation of real processes in the form of random processes on the basis of use of statistical simulation model; the necessary mathematical and statistical models are selected and analyzed; software-implemented models using the Matlab environment; visual graphs for comparison of the received data are given; the analysis of the received models is carried out. Pages of the article in the issue: 64 - 69 Language of the article: UkrainianУ даній статті досліджується трафік у телекомунікаційних мережах, ймовірність переповнення буфера трафіку. Для цього у роботі проаналізовано процеси у телекомунікаційних мережах, зокрема залежності трафіку; проведено дослідження можливостей представлення реальних процесів у вигляді випадкових процесів на основі використання статистичного імітаційного моделювання; підібрано та проаналізовано необхідні математичні, статистичні моделі; програмно реалізовано дані моделі за допомогою середовища Matlab; побудовано необхідні графіки для порівняння отриманих даних; проведено аналіз отриманих моделей

Психологічні особливості неповнолітніх, які зазнали насильства

Пашко, Н. О. Психологічні особливості неповнолітніх, які зазнали насильства / Пашко Наталя Олександрівна // Забезпечення психологічної допомоги в секторі Сил оборони України : зб. тез Всеукр. міжвід. психол. форуму (м. Київ,30 черв. 2022 р.) / МВС України, ДНДІ МВС України, Н.-д. лаб психол. забезп. – Київ [: Вид-во Людмила], 2022. – С. 193-195.Автором проаналізовано теоретичні аспекти психологічних особливостей неповнолітніх, які зазнали насильства. Насильство впливає на всебічний розвиток неповнолітніх: фізичний стан, розвиток когнітивної, емоційної сфери та поведінку. Під час взаємодії з неповнолітніми важливо враховувати наслідки насильства при побудові взаємодії, налагодження контакту та організації допомоги.The author analyzed the theoretical aspects of the psychological characteristics of minors who were subjected to violence. Violence affects the comprehensive development of minors: physical condition, development of the cognitive, emotional sphere, and behavior. When interacting with minors, it is important to consider the consequences of violence when building interaction, establishing contact, and organizing assistance.Автором проанализированы теоретические аспекты психологических особенностей несовершеннолетних, подвергшихся насилию. Насилие оказывает влияние на всестороннее развитие несовершеннолетних: физическое состояние, развитие когнитивной, эмоциональной сферы и поведение. При взаимодействии с несовершеннолетними важно учитывать последствия насилия при построении взаимодействия, налаживании контакта и организации помощи

Модифікація атомної структури рідкої евтектики Al0.973Ni0.027 карбоновими нанотрубками

The short-range order structure of the liquid Al0.973Ni0.027 eutectic alloy and eutectic based composites with carbon nanotubes containing 5, 10 and 15% was investigated. The changes of the main structure parameters (interatomic distances, coordination numbers, cluster sizes) was analyzed depending on the nanotubes content and temperature of the composites. As a result of the addition of carbon nanotubes, the atomic structure contracting of the liquid Al0.973Ni0.027 eutectic was revealed.Досліджено структуру ближнього порядку рідкої евтектики Al0.973Ni0.027 та композитів на її основі з вмістом карбонових нанотрубок 5, 10 та 15 об.%. Проаналізовано зміну основних структурних параметрів (міжатомних відстаней, координаційних чисел, розмірів кластера) залежно від вмісту нанотрубок та температури композитів. Виявлено що в результаті додавання карбонових нанотрубок відбувається ущільнення атомної структури рідкої евтектики Al0.973Ni0.027

ПРОФІЛАКТИЧНА МЕДИЦИНА ЯК ВАЖЛИВА СКЛАДОВА ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я

Purpose: to highlight the role of preventive medicine as an important component of public health. Materials and Methods. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization were used in order to achieve this goal. Results. Prevention is one of the most important part of medicine, which includes a complex of hygienic, medical, socio-economic and sanitary measures aimed at eliminating risk factors affecting human health, preventing the occurrence of diseases and ensuring a high level of public health of population. There are three types of prevention: primary, secondary and tertiary. Primary prevention is used to prevent the disease as such, secondary – aimed at early detection and treatment of the disease at the preclinical stage. Tertiary is measures aimed at preventing the development of complications and worsening the course of the disease, as well as dynamic monitoring of patients to prevent the occurrence of undesirable consequences of diseases such as: death, disability, transition of illness to a chronic form. All of them are of great importance to the public health system. Lifestyle has a big impact on health formation. Very often, the prevention of illness is related to healthy lifestyle rules and many ailments can be prevented with simple hygienic methods. Unfortunately, Ukraine has a very low level of education for the population. The emergence of more well-prepared and motivated professionals to promote healthy lifestyles will have a positive impact on the health of the population. Conclusions. It is extremely important to set up public health centers, to provide them with the conditions for the activities of preventive medicine specialists, especially hygienists and epidemiologists, who would promote large-scale healthy lifestyles, provide practical assistance to medical and educational institutions, and have financial interest in its activities. Prevention of disease and promotion of healthy lifestyles should become economically viable for the state and our compatriots.Мета: висвітлити роль профілактичної медицини як важливої складової громадського здоров’я. Матеріали і методи. Для досягнення поставленої мети у роботі використано загальнонаукові методи аналізу, синтезу та узагальнення. Результати. Профілактика – один із надзвичайно важливих напрямків медицини, який включає комплекс гігієнічних, медичних, соціально-економічних і санітарно-технічних заходів, спрямованих на усунення факторів ризи­ку, що впливають на здоров’я людини, запобігання виникненню хвороб та забезпечення високого рівня громад­­ського здоров’я населення. Розрізняють три види профілактики: первинна, вторинна і третинна. Первинну профілактику використовують для недопущення захворювання як такого, вторинна – спрямована на раннє виявлення та лікування хвороби на доклінічній стадії. Третинна – це заходи, які спрямовані на попередження розвитку ускладнень та погіршення перебігу хвороби, а також динамічне спостереження за пацієнтами для запобігання виникненню таких небажаних наслідків захворювань, як: смерть, інвалідизація, перехід недуги у хронічну форму. Всі вони відіграють важливу роль у системі громадського здоров’я. Значний вплив на формування здоров’я має спосіб життя. Дуже часто попередження захворювань пов’язане з правилами здорового способу життя і багато недуг можуть бути попереджені за допомогою простих гігієнічних методів. На жаль, в Україні дуже низький рівень освіти населення з цього питання. Поява більшої кількості добре підготовлених і мотивованих до пропаганди здорового способу життя фахівців позитивно вплине на рівень здоров’я населення. Висновки. Надзвичайно важливо створити центри громадського здоров’я, забезпечити в них умови для діяльності фахівців профілактичної медицини, насамперед гігієністів та епідеміологів, котрі б здійснювали масштабну пропаганду здорового способу життя, надавали практичну допомогу лікувальним та навчально-виховним закладам і, безперечно, були матеріально зацікавлені в результатах своєї діяльності. Профілактика захворюваності й пропаганда здорового способу життя має стати економічно вигідною державі та нашим співвітчизникам

Impact of caloric and dietary restriction regimens on markers of health and longevity in humans and animals: a summary of available findings

Considerable interest has been shown in the ability of caloric restriction (CR) to improve multiple parameters of health and to extend lifespan. CR is the reduction of caloric intake - typically by 20 - 40% of ad libitum consumption - while maintaining adequate nutrient intake. Several alternatives to CR exist. CR combined with exercise (CE) consists of both decreased caloric intake and increased caloric expenditure. Alternate-day fasting (ADF) consists of two interchanging days; one day, subjects may consume food ad libitum (sometimes equaling twice the normal intake); on the other day, food is reduced or withheld altogether. Dietary restriction (DR) - restriction of one or more components of intake (typically macronutrients) with minimal to no reduction in total caloric intake - is another alternative to CR. Many religions incorporate one or more forms of food restriction. The following religious fasting periods are featured in this review: 1) Islamic Ramadan; 2) the three principal fasting periods of Greek Orthodox Christianity (Nativity, Lent, and the Assumption); and 3) the Biblical-based Daniel Fast. This review provides a summary of the current state of knowledge related to CR and DR. A specific section is provided that illustrates related work pertaining to religious forms of food restriction. Where available, studies involving both humans and animals are presented. The review includes suggestions for future research pertaining to the topics of discussion

Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease

BACKGROUND: Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) by anacetrapib reduces LDL cholesterol levels and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, trials of other CETP inhibitors have shown neutral or adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 30,449 adults with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive atorvastatin therapy and who had a mean LDL cholesterol level of 61 mg per deciliter (1.58 mmol per liter), a mean non-HDL cholesterol level of 92 mg per deciliter (2.38 mmol per liter), and a mean HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg per deciliter (1.03 mmol per liter). The patients were assigned to receive either 100 mg of anacetrapib once daily (15,225 patients) or matching placebo (15,224 patients). The primary outcome was the first major coronary event, a composite of coronary death, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization. RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the primary outcome occurred in significantly fewer patients in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (1640 of 15,225 patients [10.8%] vs. 1803 of 15,224 patients [11.8%]; rate ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 0.97; P=0.004). The relative difference in risk was similar across multiple prespecified subgroups. At the trial midpoint, the mean level of HDL cholesterol was higher by 43 mg per deciliter (1.12 mmol per liter) in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (a relative difference of 104%), and the mean level of non-HDL cholesterol was lower by 17 mg per deciliter (0.44 mmol per liter), a relative difference of -18%. There were no significant between-group differences in the risk of death, cancer, or other serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive statin therapy, the use of anacetrapib resulted in a lower incidence of major coronary events than the use of placebo. (Funded by Merck and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN48678192 ; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01252953 ; and EudraCT number, 2010-023467-18 .)

Meetings with Kozachenko Yu.V.

Yuriy Kozachenko is an outstanding Ukrainian mathematician, my teacher. We have known each other and worked fruitfully for more than 40 years. Professor Kozachenko Yu.V. was one of the leaders of the Ukrainian school of probability theory and mathematical statistics, a world-renowned expert in the theory of modelling random processes in functional spaces, one of the creators of the theory of sub-Gaussian random processes and processes from Orlich spaces. He created a new scientific direction - simulation of random processes in different functional spaces with a given accuracy and reliability. Kozachenko Yu.V. received significant scientific results in the study of analytical properties of random processes, equations of mathematical physics with random initial conditions, statistics of random processes, wavelet analysis.This publication is about the brightest pages of our cooperation.Key words: subgaussian random processes, statistical modeling, Orlich spaces.Pages of the article in the issue: 33 - 36Language of the article: Ukrainia

Baxter estimates of the Hurst parameter of fractional Brownian motion

In the paper consistent estimates of the Hurst parameter of fractional Brownian motion are obtained and confidence intervals of the obtained estimates are constructed.In many applications related to data processing, it is necessary to estimate the Hurst parameter. Among such tasks is the task of signal processing and analysis, when the signal can be considered as the imposition of a useful signal and background noise. Background noise is usually a combination of stochastic and fractal components.Numerical indicators of these properties are, respectively, the Hurst index, the stability index, the coefficients of the relationship of increments, which generalize the autocorrelation function. Obviously, the estimation of the Hurst index is a priority in the analysis of self-similar processes.Currently, there are many methods for estimating the Hurst parameter, but they are all focused on individual cases of processes where the property of self-similarity is combined with either long-term dependence (fractional Brownian motion), or with heavy tails.RS-analysis, disperse-time analysis and deviation analysis are most often used in estimating the Hurst parameter. A common feature of these methods is that they are all based on the use of statistical properties of second-order samples (variance, standard deviation, correlation coefficients).Key words: Hurst index, fractional Brownian motion, consistent estimate.Pages of the article in the issue: 18 - 23Language of the article: Ukrainia

To the question of rearing brood sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaеus, 1758) in floating cages at natural water temperatures of the forest-steppe of Ukraine

Purpose. To study environmental conditions and individual fish culture parameters in the process of rearing brood sterlet herders in cages at natural temperature regime of water bodies of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Methodology. The material for the study were age-1–7 groups of sterlet reared in floating cages with areas of 24 m2. Fish were fed by specialized feeds with the content of crude protein of 45–64% and raw fat of ― 12–15%. The individual and mean body weight (g), relative weight gain (%) and fish survival rate (%) were studied; fish production per unit area of cages (kg/m2) and feed costs per unit weight gain (kg/kg) were calculated). The determination of the physical and chemical parameters of the environment was carried out using generally accepted methods in fish culture and hydrochemistry. Findings. The mean monthly water temperature was in the range of 21.7–26.3°C in the summer. The period with a water temperature of 18–25°C was 75-80 days. The mean daily content of dissolved oxygen varied within the range of 2.4–11.6 mgO2/dm3. The mean monthly oxygen concentration in summer was between 3.7 and 6.2 mgO2/dm3. During the period of fish rearing, minor excesses of normative values ​​have been recorded for some hydrochemical parameters. No mass manifestations of fish diseases were detected. It was established that feed costs per unit of body weight gain (kg) increased with fish age, on average, from 1.29 to 1.98 kg. Fish production in cages was 5.33–11.35 kg/m2. On the seventh year of life, the brood sterlet reached a mean weight of 1796.80 ± 73.33 g (Cv = 20.4%). Survival rates for sterlet of different age groups were 78.50–98.96%. The number of sterlet for the organization of caviar and meat production was calculated. Originality. Peculiarities of rearing different age groups of sterlet with the use of the methods of industrial aquaculture uncommon in Ukraine under conditions of cage aquaculture systems installed in water bodies with natural temperature regime have been investigated. Practical value. The results of the study are of interest for the development of modern methods of aquaculture of sturgeons in the conditions of farms of industrial type