Improving the components independence of decomposition in time series data

This paper addresses the weakness of ensemble empirical mode decomposition approach in extracting the components of a time series signal data. In general, this approach provides non-independent component. The existing approach using cluster analysis provided an improvement yet not perfect. We then do a modification to reach components with two main characteristics. First, the components should reflect the true patterns. Second, the components are independent among the others as much as possible. By a small empirical study, we observe the modification we propose produces better results than the existing approaches

Genetic analyses of the electrocardiographic QT interval and its components identify additional loci and pathways

The QT interval is an electrocardiographic measure representing the sum of ventricular depolarization and repolarization, estimated by QRS duration and JT interval, respectively. QT interval abnormalities are associated with potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia. Using genome-wide multi-ancestry analyses (>250,000 individuals) we identify 177, 156 and 121 independent loci for QT, JT and QRS, respectively, including a male-specific X-chromosome locus. Using gene-based rare-variant methods, we identify associations with Mendelian disease genes. Enrichments are observed in established pathways for QT and JT, and previously unreported genes indicated in insulin-receptor signalling and cardiac energy metabolism. In contrast for QRS, connective tissue components and processes for cell growth and extracellular matrix interactions are significantly enriched. We demonstrate polygenic risk score associations with atrial fibrillation, conduction disease and sudden cardiac death. Prioritization of druggable genes highlight potential therapeutic targets for arrhythmia. Together, these results substantially advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ventricular depolarization and repolarization

Genetic architecture of spatial electrical biomarkers for cardiac arrhythmia and relationship with cardiovascular disease

The 3-dimensional spatial and 2-dimensional frontal QRS-T angles are measures derived from the vectorcardiogram. They are independent risk predictors for arrhythmia, but the underlying biology is unknown. Using multi-ancestry genome-wide association studies we identify 61 (58 previously unreported) loci for the spatial QRS-T angle (N = 118,780) and 11 for the frontal QRS-T angle (N = 159,715). Seven out of the 61 spatial QRS-T angle loci have not been reported for other electrocardiographic measures. Enrichments are observed in pathways related to cardiac and vascular development, muscle contraction, and hypertrophy. Pairwise genome-wide association studies with classical ECG traits identify shared genetic influences with PR interval and QRS duration. Phenome-wide scanning indicate associations with atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block and arterial embolism and genetically determined QRS-T angle measures are associated with fascicular and bundle branch block (and also atrioventricular block for the frontal QRS-T angle). We identify potential biology involved in the QRS-T angle and their genetic relationships with cardiovascular traits and diseases, may inform future research and risk prediction.</p

Multi-trait analysis characterizes the genetics of thyroid function and identifies causal associations with clinical implications

To date only a fraction of the genetic footprint of thyroid function has been clarified. We report a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of thyroid function in up to 271,040 individuals of European ancestry, including reference range thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free and total triiodothyronine (T3), proxies for metabolism (T3/FT4 ratio) as well as dichotomized high and low TSH levels. We revealed 259 independent significant associations for TSH (61% novel), 85 for FT4 (67% novel), and 62 novel signals for the T3 related traits. The loci explained 14.1%, 6.0%, 9.5% and 1.1% of the total variation in TSH, FT4, total T3 and free T3 concentrations, respectively. Genetic correlations indicate that TSH associated loci reflect the thyroid function determined by free T3, whereas the FT4 associations represent the thyroid hormone metabolism. Polygenic risk score and Mendelian randomization analyses showed the effects of genetically determined variation in thyroid function on various clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In conclusion, our results improve the understanding of thyroid hormone physiology and highlight the pleiotropic effects of thyroid function on various diseases.</p

Multi-trait analysis characterizes the genetics of thyroid function and identifies causal associations with clinical implications

To date only a fraction of the genetic footprint of thyroid function has been clarified. We report a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of thyroid function in up to 271,040 individuals of European ancestry, including reference range thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free and total triiodothyronine (T3), proxies for metabolism (T3/FT4 ratio) as well as dichotomized high and low TSH levels. We revealed 259 independent significant associations for TSH (61% novel), 85 for FT4 (67% novel), and 62 novel signals for the T3 related traits. The loci explained 14.1%, 6.0%, 9.5% and 1.1% of the total variation in TSH, FT4, total T3 and free T3 concentrations, respectively. Genetic correlations indicate that TSH associated loci reflect the thyroid function determined by free T3, whereas the FT4 associations represent the thyroid hormone metabolism. Polygenic risk score and Mendelian randomization analyses showed the effects of genetically determined variation in thyroid function on various clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In conclusion, our results improve the understanding of thyroid hormone physiology and highlight the pleiotropic effects of thyroid function on various diseases.</p

Multi-trait analysis characterizes the genetics of thyroid function and identifies causal associations with clinical implications

To date only a fraction of the genetic footprint of thyroid function has been clarified. We report a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of thyroid function in up to 271,040 individuals of European ancestry, including reference range thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free and total triiodothyronine (T3), proxies for metabolism (T3/FT4 ratio) as well as dichotomized high and low TSH levels. We revealed 259 independent significant associations for TSH (61% novel), 85 for FT4 (67% novel), and 62 novel signals for the T3 related traits. The loci explained 14.1%, 6.0%, 9.5% and 1.1% of the total variation in TSH, FT4, total T3 and free T3 concentrations, respectively. Genetic correlations indicate that TSH associated loci reflect the thyroid function determined by free T3, whereas the FT4 associations represent the thyroid hormone metabolism. Polygenic risk score and Mendelian randomization analyses showed the effects of genetically determined variation in thyroid function on various clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In conclusion, our results improve the understanding of thyroid hormone physiology and highlight the pleiotropic effects of thyroid function on various diseases

Genetic analyses of the electrocardiographic QT interval and its components identify additional loci and pathways

The QT interval is an electrocardiographic measure representing the sum of ventricular depolarization and repolarization, estimated by QRS duration and JT interval, respectively. QT interval abnormalities are associated with potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia. Using genome-wide multi-ancestry analyses (&gt;250,000 individuals) we identify 177, 156 and 121 independent loci for QT, JT and QRS, respectively, including a male-specific X-chromosome locus. Using gene-based rare-variant methods, we identify associations with Mendelian disease genes. Enrichments are observed in established pathways for QT and JT, and previously unreported genes indicated in insulin-receptor signalling and cardiac energy metabolism. In contrast for QRS, connective tissue components and processes for cell growth and extracellular matrix interactions are significantly enriched. We demonstrate polygenic risk score associations with atrial fibrillation, conduction disease and sudden cardiac death. Prioritization of druggable genes highlight potential therapeutic targets for arrhythmia. Together, these results substantially advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ventricular depolarization and repolarization

KAJIAN PELAKSANAAN REKLAMASI IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN OPERASI PRODUKSI (IUP OP) PT. CAKRAWALA DINAMIKA ENERGI (CDE) DI KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA PROVINSI BENGKULU

Rayap adalah serangga yang bertanggung jawab terhadap degradasi kayu dan bahan bersellulosa lain di lingkungan tanah (Coulson &amp; Lund, 1973). Kayu dan produk kayu seperti kertas, dan semua produk dengan struktur kayu akan dikonsumsi rayap (Peralta et al. 2004).  Rayap merupakan salah satu hama yang menimbulkan kerusakan hebat dan kerugian besar pada produk-produk kayu (Eaton dan Hale, 1993 &amp; Haygreean dan Bowyer, 1993).  Salah satu cara untuk menguji ketahanan suatu jenis kayu terhadap serangan rayap adalah dengan uji kubur (grave yard test), sementara sistim penilaiannya dapat dikelompokan berdasarkan skoring (Febrianto et al, 2000). Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menetapkan tehnik pengelompokan yang tepat dan akurat berdasar skoring  untuk  kayu-kayu yang telah diserang rayap. Dalam hal ini tehnik yang digunakan adalah dimulai dengan menghitung jumlah serangan pada 2 permukaan sampel uji secara rinci dan teliti.  Tahap selanjutnya dalam pengolahan data adalah dengan menganalisa secara perhitungan statistik sederhana.  Sampel uji kayu-kayu yang telah diserang rayap diambil dari data sekunder penelitian mahasiswa dalam bentuk skripsi.  Diharapkan dengan adanya tehnik pengelompokan ini, hasil skoring akan tepat dan akurat.Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) untuk mengkaji perencanaan dan pelaksanaan reklamasi PT. Cakrawala Dinamika Energi yang berpedoman pada Keputusan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 1827 Tahun 2018, dan (2) untuk mengetahui tingkat pencapaian landuse akhir pasca tambang. Penelitian dilakukan pada Agustus sampai September 2020 di lokasi Izin Usaha Pertambangan &nbsp;Operasi Produksi PT. Cakrawala Dinamika Energi terletak di Desa Air Sebayur Kecamatan Pinang Raya Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara, Provinsi Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Data reklamasi tahap operasi produksi pada Kepmen ESDM Nomor 1827K/30/MEM/2018 dikumpulkan dengan pengamatan langsung ke lapangan. Beberapa aspek yang diamati diantaranya adalah penatagunaan lahan, revegetasi, dan penyelesaian akhir. &nbsp;Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan kegiatan reklamasi lahan pasca tambang tahap operasi produksi PT. Cakrawala Dinamika Energi telah memenuhi pedoman Kepmen ESDM Nomor 1827 K/30/MEM/2018 dengan tanaman untuk revegatasi berupa kelapa sawit. Meskipun demikian, dalam aplikasinya masih terdapat aspek-aspek yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai diantaranya adalah luas area yang ditata, pengendalian erosi dan pengelolaan air, luas area penanaman dan kualitas air keluaran kolam pengendap sedimen. Total keberhasilan reklamasi PT. Cakrawala Dinamika Energi adalah sebesar 50,87% dengan Indikator Tingkat Keberhasilan Reklamasi tergolong Jelek (hasil program pascatambang tidak dapat diterima dan diperlukan perbaikan yang intensif)