Semantic Features of Verbs and Types of Present Perfect in English

English present perfect is usually divided into several types; however, analysis of concrete examples shows that such classifications into types depend on the context and on some semantic features of verbs. This paper discusses the interaction between such features and present perfect with the examples from the contemporary British novel (Lodge 1989). The discussed examples point to the following tendencies in such interaction: telic and momentary situations usually indicate that the goal was reached, while the stative and durative situations usually imply continuation or experience lasting up to the point of speech (often in the progressive aspect)

UZ PRVI BROJ ZBORNIKA ZA JEZIKE I KNJIŽEVNOSTI FILOZOFSKOG FAKULTETA U NOVOM SADU

Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu pokrenuo je novi časopis koji će objavljivatiradove iz oblasti jezika i književnosti, a izlaziće jednom godišnje. Ovaj novičasopis, zajedno sa već postojećim časopisima koje objavljuje Filozofski fakultet uNovom Sadu, pružiće dodatni stručni prostor autorima iz zemlje i inostranstva zapredstavljanje svojih orginalnih naučnih radova, preglednih članaka i prikaza pa savelikim zadovoljstvom pozivamo autore na saradnju.Od prispelih radova za prvi broj ovog časopisa odabrano je devetnaest radovakoji obuhvataju širok krug tema, od kontrastiranja pojedinih elemenata jezičkog sistemadva jezika (mađarskog i srpskog, engleskog i srpskog, engleskog i rumunskog,francuskog i srpskog, makedonskog i engleskog), preko proučavanja konkretnihtema povezanih sa pojedinim jezicima (na primer, sa slovačkim, rusinskim, nemačkim)i karakteristika funkcionalnih registara (novinarski stil), pa do radova iz oblastiknjiževnosti i književne kritike koji se bave poezijom, rodnim temama i poimanjimarealnosti i prikaza jedne važne edicije.U ime članova uređivačkog odbora, recenzenata i saradnika koji su dali velikidoprinos da se ideja o osnivanju ovog časopisa realizuje, izražavam uverenje daprilozi objavljeni u ovom broju predstavljaju vredne naučne i stručne doprinose, asamim tim i podsticaj za dalju saradnju.</jats:p

TUMAČENJA ENGLESKOG PREZENT PERFEKTA: GLAGOLSKO VREME, FAZA, GLAGOLSKI VID

Because of the complexity of its meanings and uses, different linguists within their theoretical approaches discussed English present perfect as tense, phase or verbal aspect, thus giving priority to one of the components of its usage over the others. Therefore, the first part of this paper briefly outlines the assumptions of these three alternative approaches and the second checks their adequacy with the examples from a contemporary literary text. After the analysis of the examples, the final part of the paper presents arguments in favour of one of these approaches (verbal aspect), both from the theoretical standpoint (definitions of verbal aspect, tense and phase) as well as from the standpoint of the usage of English present perfect in the concrete language material.</jats:p

Prevođenje i leksičko pozajmljivanje – kulturne i jezičke komponente

Translation, as a complex phenomenon, includes several components which could be broadly divided into linguistic and cultural ones. Linguistic components relate to the linguistic competence of the translator (familiarity with the given language codes, ability to transfer content from one such code to another, skill to observe translational problems and to solve them etc), whereas the cultural components in general imply sensitivity to different cultural patterns as well as comprehensive general knowledge and knowledge related to specific fields. Due to the complexity of these components, the process of translation often includes both cultural and linguistic problems and dilemmas; one of such dilemmas, and a very significant one, is related to the translator’s decision to borrow a lexeme or a phrase from the source language (with or without adaptation) instead of trying to find (or create) its translation equivalent in the target language. In our contemporary environment, with English being modern lingua franca, this problem is specially pronounced, particularly in certain fields like, for example, fashion, marketing, sports etc. Having these assumptions in mind, the presentation would discuss examples related to the translation from English into Serbian, trying to point out the cases when borrowing may appear to be a correct solution and when not. Finally, the presentation would provide comments on possible cultural and linguistic components which play a part in making such choices in translation.Prevođenje kao složen proces obuhvata nekoliko komponenti, kako jezičkih tako i vanjezičkih, pri čemu ove druge spadaju u široko shvaćen pojam kulture. Prve komponente podrazumevaju jezičku kompetenciju (poznavanje izvornog i ciljnog jezika, sposobnost da se sadržaji prenose iz jednog koda u drugi, veština da se uoče moguće problematične tačke i da se one kreativno reše), a druge kulturološku kompetenciju (osećaj za kulturne specifičnosti, uvidi u relevantne oblasti vanjezičkog znanja itd.). Dakle, između ostalog, uspešan prevodilac treba da bude u stanju da razrešava razne stručne dileme koje se neizbežno javljaju, a jedna od njih je leksičko pozajmljivanje. Ta dilema je još naglašenija u savremenom okruženju, kada se prevodi sa engleskog jezika koji je postao lingua franca modernog sveta. Polazeći od tih postavki, rad raspravlja о pojedinim primerima prevođenja sa engleskog na srpski jezik, ukazujući na slučajeve kada je korišćenje anglicizama možda bolje rešenje, a kada nije. Konačno, rad komentariše primere u kojima kulturološka komponenta može imati ulogu u razrešavanju gorepomenutih dilema u prevođenju

ENGLISH PROGRESSIVE ASPECT: TRENDS, USES AND SERBIAN TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS

English progressive aspect has been a frequent topic of research from different standpoints, especially its usage and its status as a tense or aspect. Some recent studies pointed to the fact that the use of progressive has been changing over the decades, showing differences in frequency, meanings and implications. Therefore, this paper compares the approach to progressive in selected English grammars with the use of progressive in a contemporary literary corpus. Namely, the first part of the paper presents standpoints from the English grammar books that progressive offers a temporal frame for another situation, that it may denote duration, temporariness, incompletion, emotionally coloured tone etc. The central part of the paper discusses these standpoints and relates them to the uses of progressive aspect (present, present perfect, past, past perfect and future progressive) in the contemporary novel Girl with a Pearl Earring by Tracy Chevalier. The primary goal of this empirical research is to gain insight into the current tendencies related to the use of progressive aspect in the literary style, for instance, the statistical data about the abovementioned meanings; the second goal is to check the feature of stativity and the uses of stative verbs in the progressive aspect in the corpus. Finally, the paper discusses the Serbian translation equivalents of the excerpted English examples because they reflect the uses of the English progressive and may help clarify them</jats:p

Hedging and Boosting Strategies in Linguistics and Geography – A Case Study of Student Perception

This paper examines the use of hedging and boosting strategies in written academic discourse, specifically in scientific/research monographs in Linguistics and Geography. In particular, hedging and boosting strategies in academia are analysed within the corpora of monographs written in the two abovementioned disciplines in English and in Serbian, in order to investigate the possible differences in the interactional discipline-specific practices. Moreover, the paper explores student perceptions of the hedging and boosting used in the written scientific discourse in both Linguistics and Geography. This pilot study, conducted at the University of Novi Sad, focuses on the student reception of the hedging and boosting used in the scientific monograph corpora in the field of Linguistics and Geography in English and Serbian. Our findings show that focusing on hedging and boosting strategies in academic discourse in the English and in the Serbian corpora helps students achieve a better understanding of the discourse. We propose that exposing students to various samples of scientific writing and guiding them through the examination of the discipline-specific usage of hedges and boosters could benefit both students and language instructors. Students would better understand the intentions and implications of the authors’ scientific discourses if they were given a comparison of the English and Serbian discipline-specific hedging and boosting strategies. If language instructors were to focus students’ attention on the language-specific features used in scientific discourse, it would improve students’ understanding of scientific inquiry and scientific methodologies. Guiding students through the rules of hedging and boosting would most likely enable them to better locate hedging and boosting within the existing body of literature, to reflect upon the credibility of scientific findings, and to integrate such strategies into their future academic and professional writing.</jats:p

Aspectualizers and their Complementation in English and Romanian

Aspectualizers as verbs indicating phases in the development of events are typically divided into ingressive (denoting beginning), continuative (denoting continuation) and egressive (denoting ending). These verbs require specific complementation with the lexical verbs which are paired with the aspectualizers. Their analysis starts from the features of such complementation in English (subordinate non-finite infinitival and participial clauses) and compares them with the features of their Romanian translation equivalents. This corpus-based research (with the examples from modern British novels) focuses on the structural characteristics of the complementation in the two languages, lexical aspect of the verbs in the complementation (activities, states, accomplishments, achievements), as well as similarities and differences between the two languages in that respect

Anglicisms in Romanian and Serbian Hospitality and Tourism Discourse

Being at the core of intercultural communication, hospitality and tourism industries have become the meeting point of different languages and cultures. Consequently, English terms, or anglicisms, are commonly integrated into Serbian and Romanian languages, particularly within tourism and hospitality contexts