Diagnostic System of Drill Condition in Laminated Chipboard Drilling Process

The paper presents an on-line automatic system for recognition of the drill condition in a laminated chipboard drilling process. Two states of the drill are considered: the sharp enough (still able to drill holes acceptable for processing quality) and worn out (excessive drill wear, not satisfactory from the quality point of view of the process). The automatic system requires defining the diagnostic features, which are used as the input attributes to the classifier. The features have been generated from 5 registered signals: feed force, cutting torque, noise, vibration and acoustic emission. The statistical parameters defined on the basis of the auto regression model of these signals have been used as the diagnostic features. The sequential step-wise feature selection is applied for choosing the most discriminative set of features. The final step of recognition is done by support vector machine classifier working in leave one out mode. The results of numerical experiments have confirmed good quality of the proposed diagnostic system

Survey of suicide attempts in sari.

Objective: Studying suicide can be of assistance to prepare the ground for the adoption of effective preventative measures. In the present study, our aim was an in-depth review of suicide epidemiology in the city of Sari, in the northern part of Iran. Our focus was on geo-demographic and other risk factors affecting the frequency of suicide in order to demonstrate populations with greater risk of suicide for future preventive and protective measures. Method: In a prospective study, during a one year period, a descriptive semi-structured questionnaire was used to conduct interviews with subjects who attempted suicide and referred to one of the four major trauma and emergency centers in the city of Sari, or with the relatives of those who completed their attempt. Convenience sampling method was used. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-20 software. Multivariate tests were based on χ2 values. Logistic regression was performed estimating the effect of risk -factors. Results: In this study, 228 suicide a tempters were enrolled; of whom, 78.5% were female; 28.5% of all the attempts resulted in death. The odds of suicide completion were significantly increased in the following cases: married status (OR: 3.49; 95% CI 2.82,4.53), illiteracy (OR:2.71;95%CI 2.10,3.64), presence of comorbid physical illness (OR:2.22;95%CI 1.64,3.21), history of previous suicide attempt (OR:2.03; 95%CI 1.56,2.81), and age over 50 (OR: 2.01, 95% CI 1.14,3.05). Suicide outcome estimated worst in the married illiterate atte mpters. The leading method of use was suicide by burn (SBB). Conclusion: The variety observed in the regional distribution of suicide risk factors calls for more non-discriminatory attention and adoption of precautionary, preventative and protective measures for each section of the society accordingly

A Study in Depression Levels among Mothers of Disabled Children

Objectives: The global prevalence of lifetime depression is very high among women in the world–approximately 12-25 percent. The global prevalence of disability is also very high and the estimated figure for the end of 2000 was put at around 300 million. The child’s disability stresses the mother the most, and this stress shows itself in the form of depression, and causes the mother’s performance or function to drop, and thus has a negative effect on the child’s treatment. Methods: The research is of the analytical kind (cross sectional), and as well as depression other demographic items are reviewed. The sample study volume is one hundred mothers of disabled children who went to one of the rehabilitation centers of the provincial town of Karaj between 2002 and 2006. The tools for this study is the standardised beck depression scale, and the test data was broken down and analysed by (chi square) and the SPSS software. Results: The results of this study indicated that 73% of mothers, had degrees of depression, and approximately 21% of them suffered from severe depression, and out of all the variables, there was a significant relationship only between the mothers’ depression and the children’s type of disability. Discussion: The results of this study indicated that the depression levels among mothers of disabled children were equal to 3-5 of the global range, and in view of the negative effects that the mothers’ depression have on the recuperation process of the children, the necessity to support parents with disabled children –which would to a large extent reduce the stress levels– is felt more than before

Burden of Hepatitis C in Iran Between 1990 and 2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the foremost cause of deaths attributable to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The Global Burden of Disease study 2010 (GBD 2010) quantifies and compares the degree of health loss as a result of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by age, sex, and geography overtime. This study aimed to present and critique the burden of hepatitis C and its trend in Iran between 1990 and 2010 by using the GBD study 2010. METHODS: We used the results of GBD 2010 for Iran to measure rates and trends of mortality, causes of deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hepatitis C. Hepatitis C was defined as the presence of hepatitis C virus in the serum. Data were presented in three categories: acute hepatitis C, cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis C, and liver cancer secondary to hepatitis C. RESULTS: HCV infection (including the three categories of the study) led to 57.29, 59.92, and 66.45 DALYs (per 100,000 population) in 1990, 2000, and 2010, respectively. DALYs and death rates showed a slight decreasing trend for HCV cirrhosis; however, DALYs and death rates increased for acute hepatitis and liver cancer due to patients with HCV. The majority of deaths and DALYs were in individuals aged 70 years and above in all three categories of HCV. YLLs made the greatest contributions to DALYs. CONCLUSION: DALYs due to HCV infection are increasing in Iran according to GBD 2010; however, the estimations of DALYs using GBD 2010 are mostly from model-based data and there are significant uncertainties for extrapolated data. In this regard, a comprehensive study such as the National and Subnational Burden of Diseases (NASBOD) study would be needed to estimate and calculate precisely prevalence and burden of HCV-related diseases at national and subnational levels