Histopathological analysis of corticosteroid-antibiotic preparation and propolis paste formulation as intracanal medication after pulpectomy: an in vivo study

Intracanal medication in pulpectomy therapy is used between appointments with the objective of reducing pain and inflammatory processes in pulp and periapical tissues. Propolis has been known as a natural antibiotic and has been subject of medical and dental research due to its therapeutic properties such as antibiotic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to carry out an in vivo evaluation of the periapical tissue response to propolis paste when used as an intracanal medication in the teeth of dogs after pulpectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 72 dog's incisors were selected for the experiment. After biomechanical preparation the root canal was filled with a corticosteroid-antibiotic preparation, experimental propolis paste, non-medicament (negative control) or non-pulpectomy at all (positive control). The medications were left inside the root canal for 7, 14 or 28 days. At the end of the experimental period histological sections were prepared and all laboratories processes for Harris hematoxylin and eosin staining was proceeded followed by the analysis using an optical microscope. Sections were classified according to a score representing the inflammatory events observed: the presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, polymorphonuclear eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells, macrophages and/or giant cells, fibrous condensation and abscesses. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between the tissue reactions caused by the two substances being tested, after different experimental periods, with the periapical tissue that was in contact with propolis paste exhibiting fewer inflammatory reactions in comparison to corticosteroid-antibiotic preparation. CONCLUSIONS: The low tissue responses from propolis paste suggest that this material could be considered as an option for root canal medication after pulpectomy

Visual and fine-motor outcomes in adolescent survivors of high-risk congenital diaphragmatic hernia who did not receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

OBJECTIVE: Although survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are at high risk for brain injury, little is known about their neurodevelopment. Studies exploring short-term outcomes in children who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy suggest an increased risk for abnormalities in tone and/or motor development. This study provides the first detailed examination of visual and fine-motor outcomes in adolescent survivors of high-risk CDH (manifesting within the first 24 h) who did not receive ECMO. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 13 CDH survivors (mean age 12.9 years) and 11 typically developing controls, matched to the CDH sample in terms of age at test, intelligence quotient and socioeconomic status (SES), completed a battery of visual and motor tests. RESULTS: CDH survivors performed normally on motor-free tests of visual-perceptual function and on tests requiring visual discrimination and scanning, but were impaired on tests requiring visual-motor integration and oral-motor programming. CONCLUSION: Survivors of high-risk CDH who did not receive ECMO treatment are at risk for long-term problems with oral motor and visuomotor control