8 research outputs found
The Protein Expression of CAV-1, COL1A2, and THBS2 proteins in the CaCo2 cell line.
No full textPatients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC), are at a significantly higher risk than the general population for development of colon cancer. In preliminary studies, we identified down regulation of microRNA (miRNA), 4728-3p, in non-dysplastic mucosa from UC patients harboring a neoplastic lesion. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that this miRNA regulates three proteins also increased in patients with neoplasia in UC, and are vital to the interaction between cells and the extracellular environment. This investigation was performed to view caveolin 1, collagen, and thrombospondin 2 protein expression in the colon cancer cell line CaCo2, which is a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. Before transfecting miRNA in CaCo2 cells, we measured baseline expression of the three proteins. Since the miRNA is predicted to down-regulate the proteins, high baseline expression is needed to demonstrate a difference. After culturing the CaCo2 cell line and running Western blots, it was concluded that the COL1A2 and THBS2 proteins were expressed, although CAV1 had low expression. Therefore, in subsequent experiments, we will use CaCo2 cells to examine the impact of the miRNA on COL1A2 and THBS2, and an alternative cell line to study the effects of miR-4728-3p on CAV1 expression
Session 2F: Expression of Focal Adhesion Proteins in IBD-Associated Neoplasia
No full textColorectal neoplasia is the abnormal growth of tissue in the colon, encompassing dysplasia as well as colorectal cancer cancer. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have chronic inflammation in their colon. It is thought that the chronic inflammation places them at increased risk for colorectal neoplasia, whereby the colonic lining changes from at risk mucosa with chronic inflammation to dysplasia and ultimately cancer. In previous studies, several genes involved in focal adhesion were demonstrated to be increased in normal appearing non-neoplastic colonic mucosa of patients who had colorectal neoplasia elsewhere in their colon. This experiment was performed to confirm the expression of focal adhesion proteins in inflammatory bowel disease associated neoplasia. We evaluated proteins thrombospondin 2, caveolin 1, and collagen 1A2 in IBD-associated neoplasia by immunohistochemistry. We used different tissue samples such as ulcerative colitis cancer, normal, sporadic colon cancer, and active UC from patients to stain for all three focal adhesion proteins. In this study we demonstrated that all three proteins were differently expressed in IBD-associated neoplasia. In this subsequent investigation we retested this conclusion and also proved that STK-31 was upregulated, as continuation to investigate mechanisms of up-regulation of these proteins in chronic inflammation and cancer in later studies
Expression of Focal Adhesion Proteins in Ulcerative Colitis Associated Neoplasia
No full textColorectal neoplasia is the abnormal growth of tissue in the colon, encompassing dysplasia as well as colorectal cancer cancer. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have chronic inflammation in their colon. It is thought that the chronic inflammation places them at increased risk for colorectal neoplasia, whereby the colonic lining changes from at risk mucosa with chronic inflammation to dysplasia and ultimately cancer. In previous studies, several genes involved in focal adhesion were demonstrated to be increased in normal appearing colonic mucosa of patients who had colorectal neoplasia This experiment was performed to confirm the expression of focal adhesion proteins in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated neoplasia. We evaluated proteins thrombospondin 2, caveolin 1, and collagen in IBD associated neoplasia by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Conditions for the IHC process, including antigen retrieval methodology and primary antibody dilution, were optimized in normal control tissues. We used different tissue samples such as Ulcerative Colitis (UC) cancer, Diverticulosis Control, Sporadic Cancer, and Active UC from patients to stain for all three focal adhesion proteins. These studies demonstrated that all three proteins were expressed on different levels in IBD associated neoplasia. Therefore, we will investigate mechanisms of up-regulation of these protein in chronic inflammation and cancer in later studies
Radiomic Texture and Shape Descriptors of the Rectal Environment on Post-Chemoradiation T2-Weighted MRI are Associated with Pathologic Tumor Stage Regression in Rectal Cancers: A Retrospective, Multi-Institution Study
No full text(1) Background: The relatively poor expert restaging accuracy of MRI in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation may be due to the difficulties in visual assessment of residual tumor on post-treatment MRI. In order to capture underlying tissue alterations and morphologic changes in rectal structures occurring due to the treatment, we hypothesized that radiomics texture and shape descriptors of the rectal environment (e.g., wall, lumen) on post-chemoradiation T2-weighted (T2w) MRI may be associated with tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT). (2) Methods: A total of 94 rectal cancer patients were retrospectively identified from three collaborating institutions, for whom a 1.5 or 3T T2w MRI was available after nCRT and prior to surgical resection. The rectal wall and the lumen were annotated by an expert radiologist on all MRIs, based on which 191 texture descriptors and 198 shape descriptors were extracted for each patient. (3) Results: Top-ranked features associated with pathologic tumor-stage regression were identified via cross-validation on a discovery set (n = 52, 1 institution) and evaluated via discriminant analysis in hold-out validation (n = 42, 2 institutions). The best performing features for distinguishing low (ypT0-2) and high (ypT3–4) pathologic tumor stages after nCRT comprised directional gradient texture expression and morphologic shape differences in the entire rectal wall and lumen. Not only were these radiomic features found to be resilient to variations in magnetic field strength and expert segmentations, a quadratic discriminant model combining them yielded consistent performance across multiple institutions (hold-out AUC of 0.73). (4) Conclusions: Radiomic texture and shape descriptors of the rectal wall from post-treatment T2w MRIs may be associated with low and high pathologic tumor stage after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and generalized across variations between scanners and institutions
