Comparative performance and ergonomic assessment of different types of weeder for better adaptability of machine

The research was planned to predict the performance and ergonomic assessment of different types (tractor operated weeder, the engine operated inter-row rotary weeder, tractor-drawn high clearance cultivator, and manual hand hoe) of weeder in cotton crop.  The study will help the farmers to purchase good quality weeder.  The experimental study consists of five treatments. Weeding operations have been done at three stages (pre-square, square, and flowering) of the cotton crop and the performance parameter was recorded. The highest weeding efficiency was found in manual hand hoe (Kasola) with 85.50-89.59% whereas efficiency varied from 74-76% in tractor operated weeders. Crop parameters were also recorded. Plant height and canopy at the flowering stage differ significantly and plant height was found significant at the square stage also. In all treatments, after weeding pulse rate varies from 104-122 beats/min. The engine operated power weeder resulted in more blood pressure (142/90)  than the manual weeder(135/88). So resulted obtained from the research, the tractor operated inter-row rotary weeder (M2) was found best and recommended

Colon cancer and their targeting approaches through nanocarriers: A review

Colon cancer is the fifth most common type of cancer in the world. Colon cancer develops when healthy cells in the lining of the colon or rectum alter and grow uncontrollably to form a mass known as a tumor. Despite major medical improvements, colon cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. One of the main issues of chemotherapy is toxicity related to conventional medicines. The targeted delivery systems are considered the safest and most effective by increasing the concentration of a therapeutic substance at the tumor site while decreasing it at other organs. Therefore, these delivery systems required lower doses for high therapeutic value with minimum side effects. The current review focuses on targeting therapeutic substances at the desired site using nanocarriers. Additionally, the diagnostic applications of nanocarriers in colorectal cancer are also discussed

Tractor Drawbar Performance Prediction Using Artificial Neural Network

Prediction of tractor drawbar performance can lead to simulation and optimization of tractor performance, allowing optimum setting of different parameters as well as guiding manufacturer in decision-making for design of new tractors. Twenty different input parameters were selected for drawbar performance prediction. The data used as input to train the network was collected from 141 tractor test reports tested between 1997 and 2013 at the Central Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute, Budni (M.P.). A back propagation artificial neural network (ANN) was developed using Neural Network Toolbox in Matlab software. Matrix of 1140×20 and 1140×1 was made as input and target values for drawbar prediction in the ANN. The optimum structure of neural network was determined by trial-and-error method, and 30 different structures were evaluated. Highest performance was obtained for the network with two hidden layers, each having 35 neurons, and employed Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. Coefficient of determination (R2 ) and Mean square error (MSE) for this neural network was 0.994 and 1.284, respectively

Comparative performance and ergonomic assessment of different types of weeder for better adaptability of machine

677-684The research was planned to predict the performance and ergonomic assessment of different types (tractor operated weeder, the engine operated inter-row rotary weeder, tractor-drawn high clearance cultivator, and manual hand hoe) weeder in cotton crop. The experimental study consists of five treatments. Weeding operations were done at three stages (pre-square, square and flowering) of the cotton crop and the performance parameter was recorded. The highest weeding efficiency was found in manual hand hoe (Kasola) with 85.50-89.59% whereas efficiency varied from 74-76% in tractor operated weeders. Crop parameters were also recorded. Plant height and canopy at the flowering stage differ significantly and plant height was found significant at the square stage also. In all treatments, after weeding pulse rate varies from 104-122 beats/min. The engine operated power weeder resulted in more blood pressure (142/90) than the manual weeder (135/88). So from the results obtained, the tractor operated inter-row rotary weeder (M2) was found best and recommended