Yüksek hidrostatik basınçla çiğ köftede toplam aerobik bakteri inaktivasyonu

The current study aimed at the improvement of raw meatball (Cig Kofte) safety, by using high hydrostatic pressure (HP) treatment. Beef mince, one of the main raw material of meatball, was treated by high HP at 400 MPa for 15 minutes at 22 degrees C. After the HP treatment, 3-decimal reduction was achieved, by measuring total viable counts. HP treated and non-treated (control) beef mince were used in Cig Kofte preparation for evaluation. Any colour change was observed visually between the HP treated and control group samples. Indigenous microbial load of beef mince was inactivated by high HP that increased safety of traditional Turkish food. Therefore, it is proposed to process meat with high HP to prepare a safe ready-to-eat Cig Kofte

PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF CUDA APPLICATIONS BY OVERLAPPING DATA TRANSFER AND KERNEL EXECUTION

The CPU-GPU combination is a widely used heterogeneous computing system in which the CPU and GPU have different address spaces. Since the GPU cannot directly access the CPU memory, prior to invoking the GPU function the input data must be available on the GPU memory. On completion of GPU function, the results of computation are transferred to CPU memory. The CPU-GPU data transfer happens through PCI-Express bus. The PCI-E bandwidth is much lesser than that of GPU memory. The speed at which the data is transferred is limited by the PCI-E bandwidth. Hence, the PCI-E acts as a performance bottleneck. In this paper two approaches are discussed to minimize the overhead of data transfer, namely, performing the data transfer while the GPU function is being executed and reducing the amount of data to be transferred to GPU.  The effectiveness of these approaches on the execution time of a set of CUDA applications is realized using CUDA streams. The results of our experiments show that the execution time of applications can be minimized with the proposed approaches

Identification of a TcpC-TcpQ Outer Membrane Complex Involved in the Biogenesis of the Toxin-Coregulated Pilus of Vibrio cholerae

The toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) of Vibrio cholerae and the soluble TcpF protein that is secreted via the TCP biogenesis apparatus are essential for intestinal colonization. The TCP biogenesis apparatus is composed of at least nine proteins but is largely uncharacterized. TcpC is an outer membrane lipoprotein required for TCP biogenesis that is a member of the secretin protein superfamily. In the present study, analysis of TcpC in a series of strains deficient in each of the TCP biogenesis proteins revealed that TcpC was absent specifically in a tcpQ mutant. TcpQ is a predicted periplasmic protein required for TCP biogenesis. Fractionation studies revealed that the protein is not localized to the periplasm but is associated predominantly with the outer membrane fraction. An analysis of the amount of TcpQ present in the series of tcp mutants demonstrated the inverse of the TcpC result (absence of TcpQ in a tcpC deletion strain). Complementation of the tcpQ deletion restored TcpC levels and TCP formation, and similarly, complementation of tcpC restored TcpQ. Metal affinity pull-down experiments performed using His-tagged TcpC or TcpQ demonstrated a direct interaction between TcpC and TcpQ. In the presence of TcpQ, TcpC was found to form a high-molecular-weight complex that is stable in 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate and at temperatures below 65 degrees C, a characteristic of secretin complexes. Fractionation studies in which TcpC was overexpressed in the absence of TcpQ showed that TcpQ is also required for proper localization of TcpC to the outer membrane

A New Approach for the Development of Design Flood Hydrographs

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

ASSESSING ECOTOURISM ECONOMICS FOR LIVELIHOOD INTERVENTION- A CASE IN NAMERI NATIONAL PARK OF ASSAM (INDIA)

This paper entitled tries to emphasize on the ecotourism initiatives and its impact of on livelihood intervention in the fringe of Nameri National Park in Assam, India. Ecotourism initiatives that have been introduce by Assam (Bhorelli) Angling and Conservation Association (ABACA), an organization started ecotourism ventures in the year 1956 benefiting local populace in terms of income, improved infrastructure, employment opportunities and exposure. The community's capacity to facilitate resource related conflicts has improved following support from development institutions and facilities provided by the organization. An expanding livelihood base is reducing local vulnerability to disaster and man-animal conflicts. The numbers of inhabitant wildlife species in the park have increased due to adequate protection and reduce frequency of livestock in nearby villagers. There is need to build the community's capacity for the promotion of activities that compliment ecotourism. Through the paper the researcher emphasizes such possibilities on the basis of assessment of potential ecotourism resources of the Nameri National Park during field experience gained different parts of the study area

Exoplanet Transmission Spectroscopy using KMOS

KMOS (K-Band Multi Object Spectrograph) is a novel integral field spectrograph installed in the VLT's ANTU unit. The instrument offers an ability to observe 24 2.8"$\times$2.8" sub-fields positionable within a 7.2' patrol field, each sub-field producing a spectrum with a 14$\times$14-pixel spatial resolution. The main science drivers for KMOS are the study of galaxies, star formation, and molecular clouds, but its ability to simultaneously measure spectra of multiple stars makes KMOS an interesting instrument for exoplanet atmosphere characterization via transmission spectroscopy. We set to test whether transmission spectroscopy is practical with KMOS, and what are the conditions required to achieve the photometric precision needed, based on observations of a partial transit of WASP-19b, and full transits of GJ 1214b and HD 209458b. Our analysis uses the simultaneously observed comparison stars to reduce the effects from instrumental and atmospheric sources, and Gaussian processes to model the residual systematics. We show that KMOS can, in theory, deliver the photometric precision required for transmission spectroscopy. However, this is shown to require a) pre-imaging to ensure accurate centering and b) a very stable night with optimal observing conditions (seeing $\sim$0.8"). Combining these two factors with the need to observe several transits, each with a sufficient out-of-transit baseline (and with the fact that similar or better precision can be reached with telescopes and instruments with smaller pressure,) we conclude that transmission spectroscopy is not the optimal science case to take advantage of the abilities offered by KMOS and VLT.Comment: 11 pages, accepted to MNRA

Power, lift and drag coefficients analogy of wind turbine blade from aerodynamics characteristics of NACA2412 & NACA0012

In this paper analysis of two dimensional airfoils model of NACA002412 and NACA0012 forthe aerodynamic characteristics at various Reynolds number for a range of attack from lift through stall,based on the chord length of the airfoil. Using the Spalart-Allmaras, the k-epsilon (RNG) and the k-omegashear stress transport (SST) models are used to simulate drag, pressure coefficient, local characteristicsand the lift. In the wind tunnel of NACA(National Aeronautics Advisory Committee) experimentalmeasurement and comparison prognosis for selected aerodynamic airfoils are presented. The geometricparameters of blade including twist angle distribution and chord are determined based on aerodynamicparameters results at a specific Reynolds number. This study is carried out by providing an optimal bladedesign strategy for horizontal-axis wind turbines operating at different Reynolds numbers. In this approachcan be further developed to create the most efficient of horizontal axis wind turbine blade design. As aconclusion the experimental results were compared with simulation results, good concordance were note

Six month old neglected metacarpophalangeal joint volar complex dislocation: a case study

Metacarpophalanegal dislocations are rare, accounting for 3-5% of all dislocations with thumb being the most common finger affected. these dislocations can be decided into volar and dorsal and further into simple and complex, depending upon direction of dislocation and reducibility respectively. Although there is no approach superior over another, we selected volar approach for better visualization and direct reduction of dislocation and found reduction was unstable. hence a temporary fixation was attempted with K-wire which was removed 7th day postoperative and started with physiotherapy. Postoperatively patient was having near total range of motion (25-90 degree) and patient was able to do all the routine daily activities with his affected hand post operative 2 month. Complex metacarpophangeal joint dislocations needs intervention and should be combined with vigorous postoperative physiotherapy to achieve good clinical outcomes

On the Radio kk-chromatic Number of Paths

A radio $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment $f$ of positive integers (colors) to the vertices of $G$ such that for any two vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$, the difference between their colors is at least $1+k-d(u,v)$. The span $rc_k(f)$ of $f$ is $\max\{f(v):v\in V(G)\}$. The radio $k$-chromatic number $rc_k(G)$ of $G$ is $min\lbrace rc_k(f) : f { is a radio k\text{-}coloring of } G\rbrace$. In this paper, in an attempt to prove a conjecture on the radio $k$-chromatic number of path, we determine the radio $k$-chromatic number of paths $P_n$ for $k+5\leq n\leq\frac{7k-1}{2}$ if $k$ is odd and $k+4\leq n\leq\frac{5k+4}{2}$ if $k$ is even