Astrophysical parameter determination using chaotic orbital regions

The goal of this thesis is to show that chaotic orbits of a dynamical system are advantageous (compared with regularnes) to determine the characteristic parameters of the system, and to give an estimate about the behaviour of the error as a function of the number of observations. The utility of chaotic trajectories for parameter determination in a complex dynamical system such as the restricted full three-body problem is assessed. The model takes into consideration the motion of a particle of negligible mass around a binary system where the main body is modeled as a tri-axial ellipsoid, taking into account its mass distribution, and the smaller one as point mass sphere. It is studied by means of a program coded in Python, capable of simulating the binary system gravity field and propagating trajectories in three dimensions around it. It returns verification values such as the Jacobi constant, the state transition matrix and crashing event assessment allowing lots of flexibility in the parameter settings. A combination of Poincaré maps, which allow to study the periodicity of a trajectory in a visual way; and mathematical tools such as the finite time Lyapunov exponents and the Pesin entropy formula, which indicate how sensitive a trajectory is to initial conditions (main condition for chaotic behaviour) is used. They return similar and reliable values providing redundancy and robustness to the procedure. For the determination of parameters we have developed a procedure, based on least squares approximations, that determines how much the uncertainty in the parameter determination of the system decreases as more measurements are taken. There is a strong correlation between the error in the parameter determination and the length of the trajectory, obviously, the error is reduced as more measurements are taken. If N denotes the number of measurements, for a regular orbit the uncertainty in the determination behaves as N^-(1/2). For chaotic orbits we have found scalings of up to N^-3, which are better than the scalings found in previous works for simple systems, which were between N^-1 and N^-2

Design and construction of a picosatellite’s primary structure by using 3D printing technologies

The viability of developing the design and manufacture of the structure of a small satellite CubeSat, at the School of Telecommunications and Aerospace Engineering of Castelldefels( EETAC), at the Polytechnical University of Catalonia (UPC), is analyzed. The design and detailed simulations of the most relevant mechanical tests have been performed by using the software SolidWorks. A honeycomb pattern monocoque structural design -called Hexagon- is proposed for a single unit CubeSat primary structure. Additionaly, Hexagon's mechanical behaviour is compared to that of the operational CubeSat structure Pumpkin. A preliminary viability study is developed, based on the results of structure simulations and theoretical studies. The resulting structure meets the corresponding CubeSat design requirements, both at the Qualification and at the Acceptance testing levels. Therefore Hexagon can be considered a viable design of a CubeSat's primary structure. After a process of research of manufacture techniques and appropriate materials, we propose to use laser sintering 3D-printing, and justify its convenience versus the use of traditional construction technologies. We suggest the material to use is a polyamide based (PA11) carbon fiber reinforced composite (PA11CF), provided by ADVANC3D Materials. We describe the construction and testing procedure and justify that the entire process can be completed by EETAC students, using equipment available to them. Finally, we propose the lines of future work to test PA11CF and, eventually, build and test the entire CubeSat structure

Embodied strategies for public speaking anxiety: evaluation of the Corp-Oral program

Producción CientíficaBackground: Public speaking is an indispensable skill that can profoundly influence success in both professional and personal spheres. Regrettably, managing anxiety during a speech poses a significant challenge for many of the population. This research assessed the impacts of a Corp-Oral program, designed to manage public speaking anxiety in university students, based on, body awareness, embodied message techniques, simulation, embodied visualization, body transformation, and gesture enhancement. Methods: Thirty-six students (61% women; Mage = 20.22, SD = 1.23 years) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 18), which underwent the Corp-Oral program, or a control group (n = 18). Self-perceived anxiety, heart rate, and electroencephalography were measured in a pre-test and a post-test. Results: The study reveals that the Corp-Oral program significantly (p < 0.005) reduced both physiological responses (heart rate) and self-reported measures of anxiety. The alteration was more noticeable in self-reported anxiety measures (a decrease of 33.217%) than in heart rate (a decrease of 4.659%). During the speech, the experimental group exhibited increased cortical activation in areas related to emotional regulation, consciousness, sensorimotor integration, and movement control. A significant increase in frontal alpha asymmetry was observed for the experimental group in the post-test, but there were no significant variations in the theta/beta ratio. Conclusion: These findings underline the benefit of managing public speaking anxiety not merely by reducing it but by channeling it through embodied strategies. These strategies could lead to greater action awareness that would cushion the physiological effect of the anxiety response and help generate a better self-perception of the anxiety state

Dentro de la escuela, con la escuela adentro: indagando en el proceso de socialización personal sobre el cuerpo en los recreos y en las clases de Educación Física a través de un ejercicio de trio-etnografía

Producción CientíficaMediante una “trio-etnografía” tres docentes comparan la escuela que vivieron en su infancia con la que observan en la actualidad y con su ideal de escuela. En torno a dos situaciones de una jornada escolar (el recreo y la clase de EF), tratan de identificar las diferentes presencias de lo corporal en la escolarización. Este contraste entre recuerdo, presente e ideal les permite reflexionar sobre la escolarización corporal en un sistema que evoluciona y que intentan superar. Mediante una narración etnográfica interpretativa, el objetivo del texto es sugerir nuevos relatos personales que atiendan a temas como el recreo como sistema de coacción y compensación, con códigos ajenos al profesorado e influenciado por prácticas sociales extraescolares; las oportunidades de atender a la globalidad en las clases de educación física, y de que todo el alumnado progrese en el desarrollo de su potencial motriz y la aceptación de su realidad corporal y la de otros.Through a “trio-ethnography” exercise, three teachers compared their childhood schools with their ideal schools. Based on two situations from a school day (recess and PE class), they identified distinct bodily presences at school. Such triple contrast among memory, present and ideal allows them to reflect on bodies’ schooling within a changing system that the authors attempt to overcome. Throughout interpretative ethnographic narration, the text presents new personal accounts on issues such as recess as a coercion and compensation system, with codes different from teachers’ and influenced by extracurricular social practices, and opportunities for integrating people globally in PE classes, we all as promoting each student’s motor potential and the acceptance of his or her as well as others’ physical reality

Determinación de la presencia de flavonoides en el extracto de las hojas de frutipan (artocarpus altilis) responsables del proceso de cicatrización de heridas

Las plantas cuentan con una serie de compuestos bioactivos que favorecen a la salud de las personas entre ellas están los polifenoles, en especial los flavonoides y sus principios activos, que ayudan a tratamientos médicos además de ser coadyuvante de la cicatrización de heridas. El conocimiento ancestral en las comunidades indígenas del Ecuador se han utilizado una serie de plantas para el tratamiento de heridas entre ellas a las hojas de frutipan (Artocarpus altilis), se realizó un estudio fitoquímico evidenciando la presencia de compuestos bioactivos de interés biológico especialmente la presencia de flavonoides, que por su efecto antimicrobiano y antiinflamatorio, se podría desarrollar y elaborar nuevos productos para uso terapéutico y medicinal, aprovechando de manera agroindustrial un producto natural con efecto eficiente y dejando de lado el uso de medicamentos sintéticos

Interferometric orbit determination system for geosynchronous SAR missions: experimental proof of concept

Future Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar (GEOSAR) missions will provide permanent monitoring of continental areas of the planet with revisit times of less than 24 h. Several GEOSAR missions have been studied in the USA, Europe, and China with different applications, including water cycle monitoring and early warning of disasters. GEOSAR missions require unprecedented orbit determination precision in order to form focused Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO). A precise orbit determination technique based on interferometry is proposed, including a proof of concept based on an experimental interferometer using three antennas separated 10–15 m. They provide continuous orbit observations of present communication satellites operating at GEO as illuminators of opportunity. The relative phases measured between the receivers are used to estimate the satellite position. The experimental results prove the interferometer is able to track GEOSAR satellites based on the transmitted signals. This communication demonstrates the consistency and feasibility of the technique in order to foster further research with longer interferometric baselines that provide observables delivering higher orbital precision.This work has been supported by the Spanish Science, Research and Innovation Plan (MICINN) with Project Codes TEC2017-85244-C2-2-P and PID2020-117303GB-C21 and by Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu MDM-2016-0600 financed by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spain.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Generalidades, caracterización e implementación de aeronaves remotamente tripuladas para levantamiento topográfico

Cartilla en la que se brindan conocimientos básicos en el uso de RPA (Aeronave Pilotada Remotamente) aplicada a la topografía, se describen generalidades del dron, conceptos básicos de fotogrametría y procesos para llevar a cabo levantamiento topográfico mediante (RPAS).Primer in which basic knowledge is provided in the use of RPA (Remotely Piloted Aircraft) applied to the topography, general descriptions of the drone are described, basic concepts of photogrammetry and processes to carry out topographic survey through (RPAS).Generalidades del dron -- Fotogrametría -- Levantamiento topográfico mediante (RPAS) -- Procesamiento de datosna87 página

Impacto en la mortalidad tras la implantación de una red de atención al infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST: Estudio IPHENAMIC

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives: Little is known about the impact of networks for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care on the population. The objective of this study was to determine whether the PROGALIAM (Programa Gallego de Atención al Infarto Agudo de Miocardio) improved survival in northern Galicia. Methods: We collected all events coded as STEMI between 2001 and 2013. A total of 6783 patients were identified and divided into 2 groups: pre-PROGALIAM (2001-2005), with 2878 patients, and PROGALIAM (2006-2013), with 3905 patients. Results: In the pre-PROGALIAM period, 5-year adjusted mortality was higher both in the total population (HR, 1.22, 95%CI, 1.14-1.29; P <.001) and in each area (A Coruña: HR, 1.12; 95%CI, 1.02-1.23; P=.02; Lugo: HR, 1.34; 95%CI, 1.2-1.49; P <.001 and Ferrol: HR, 1.23; 95%CI, 1.1-1.4; P=.001). Before PROGALIAM, 5-year adjusted mortality was higher in the areas of Lugo (HR, 1.25; 95%CI, 1.05-1.49; P=.02) and Ferrol (HR, 1.32; 95%CI, 1.13-1.55; P=.001) than in A Coruña. These differences disappeared after the creation of the STEMI network (Lugo vs A Coruña: HR, 0.88; 95%CI, 0.72-1.06; P=.18, Ferrol vs A Coruña: HR, 1.04; 95%CI, 0.89-1.22; P=.58. Conclusions: For patients with STEMI, the creation of PROGALIAM in northern Galicia decreased mortality and increased equity in terms of survival both overall and in each of the areas where it was implemented. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02501070).[Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. Se sabe muy poco del impacto que las redes de atención del infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMCEST) tienen en la población. El objetivo de este estudio es averiguar si el PROGALIAM (Programa Gallego de Atención al Infarto Agudo de Miocardio) mejoró la supervivencia en la zona norte de Galicia. Métodos. Se recogieron todos los eventos codificados como IAMCEST entre 2001 y 2013. Se identificó a 6.783 pacientes, divididos en 2 grupos: pre-PROGALIAM (2001-2005), 2.878 pacientes, y PROGALIAM (2006-2013), 3.905 pacientes. Resultados. En la etapa pre-PROGALIAM, la mortalidad ajustada a 5 años fue superior tanto en la población total (HR = 1,22; IC95%, 1,14-1,29; p < 0,001), como en cada una de las áreas (A Coruña, HR = 1,12; IC95%, 1,02-1,23; p = 0,02; Lugo, HR = 1,34; IC95%, 1,2-1,49; p < 0,001, y Ferrol, HR = 1,23; IC95%, 1,1-1,4; p = 0,001). Antes del PROGALIAM, la mortalidad a 5 años en las áreas de Lugo (HR = 0,8; IC95%, 0,67-0,95; p = 0,02) y Ferrol (HR = 0,75; IC95%, 0,64-0,88; p = 0,001) era superior que en A Coruña. Estas diferencias desaparecieron tras el desarrollo de la red (Lugo comparado con A Coruña, HR = 0,88; IC95%, 0,72-1,06; p = 0,18; Ferrol comparado con A Coruña, HR = 1,04; IC95%, 0,89-1,22; p = 0,58. Conclusiones. El desarrollo del PROGALIAM en el área norte de Galicia disminuyó la mortalidad e incrementó la equidad de los pacientes con IAMCEST tanto en general como en cada una de las áreas donde se implantó. Estudio registrado en ClinicalTrials.gov (Identificador: NCT02501070)

BIM en la universidad

126 páginas.La tecnología BIM (Building Information Modeling, por sus siglas en inglés) es un método innovador para facilitar la comunicación entre los sectores de la arquitectura, ingeniería y construcción, donde se genera intercambio de información de manera eficiente, se crean representaciones digitales (modelosv3d ricos en información) de todas las fases del proceso de construcción y simulan el rendimiento en la vida real, lo que perfecciona el flujo de trabajo, aumenta la productividad y mejora la calidad. En México se realizó un estudio en la industria de la construcción (Bim Forum México, encuesta 2017), que analiza las razones por las que las empresas no utilizan BIM; las que destacan que: las licencias y equipos son muy caros (29%), no se cuenta con personal calificado (23%), los clientes no lo requieren (5%), la industria mexicana no está preparada (4%), no hay capacitación en ello (3%), no hay tiempo para implementarlo (2%), etc. Ante tales razones, los desafíos a los que se enfrenta el sector académico es implementar dentro de sus programas de estudio la enseñanza la tecnología BIM para la formación de nuevas generaciones de profesionales (arquitectos e ingenieros) que cuenten con los conocimientos y habilidades necesarias para responder a los retos que se enfrenta la industria de la construcción. El presente documento se enfoca a estudios realizados por académicos de diversas universidades: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México; y Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, México. Las investigaciones han sido acerca de la experiencia en la implementación de la tecnología BIM en la práctica y en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje

Effectiveness of Fingolimod versus Natalizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis in Spain: Second-Line GATE Study

Background: There is a lack of head-to-head studies comparing the efficacy of fingolimod (FIN) and natalizumab (NTZ) as second-line therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: Multicenter, observational study, in which, information of 388 patients randomly selected and treated with FIN or NTZ in routine clinical practice was retrospectively collected with the main objective of comparing the annualized relapse rate (ARR) over the first year, after FIN or NTZ treatment initiation. Results: Mean ARR during the first year of treatment was 0.28 in FIN group and 0.12 in NTZ group (p = 0.0064); nevertheless, the difference between groups lost statistical significance when the propensity score analysis was performed. Time to disability -progression was similar in both treatment groups (12.3 +/- 6.7 months in FIN, and 12.8 +/- 0.1 months in NTZ; p = 0.4654). Treatment persistence after the first year of treatment was higher in patients treated with FIN (95%) than in those treated with NTZ (84%; p = 0.0014). Conclusions: After 12 months of treatment, both FIN and NTZ reduced the ARR, but ARR percent reduction was significantly higher with NTZ. Treatment persistence was higher in patients receiving FIN