Evolução do Ganho de Peso de Bovinos Confinados Alimentados com Fontes Variadas de Proteína

Após a inativação da toxina botulínica na cama-de-frangos, foi formulado um concentrado, basicamente com a cama-de-frangos, e fornecido aos animais. Começou aí a tomada de ganho de peso que foi realizada com três pesagens subseqüentes. O que se destaca no trabalho é o custo x benefício da utilização da cama-de-frangos, na alimentação de bovinos confinados, em relação a outro tipo de suplementação

Populational dynamics of Rhipicephalus microplus in a semiumid tropical climate region

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-03-06T12:57:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - João Eduardo Nicaretta - 2018.pdf: 2264636 bytes, checksum: 885684a1eedaa0841a3168ca98a5ac48 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-03-06T12:58:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - João Eduardo Nicaretta - 2018.pdf: 2264636 bytes, checksum: 885684a1eedaa0841a3168ca98a5ac48 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-06T12:58:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - João Eduardo Nicaretta - 2018.pdf: 2264636 bytes, checksum: 885684a1eedaa0841a3168ca98a5ac48 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThe knowledge of population dynamics allows us to study the variations in the abundance of populations of living beings. Knowledge of the abundance of ticks that parasitize lactating cattle in a given region is important when considering the direct damage that these ectoparasites cause and their ability to transmit pathogens to animals. The aim of the present study was to characterize the population dynamics of Rhipicephalus microplus in naturally infested mestizo dairy cattle maintained in a rotational grazing system for 12 months in a semi - humid tropical region in the state of Goiás. the selected cattle had the female ticks counted (4.5 to 8.0 mm). A flannel-dragging technique was also carried out in the pasture for the capture and subsequent counting of R. microplus larvae. The meteorological data were collected during the study to be used in regression and variance analyzes. Based on the experimental design used, it was possible to observe the increase in the number of tick generations during the experiment, for five generations during the year. It was also observed that the climatic variables such as humidity, temperature and rainfall had a direct relation with the amount of larvae present in the pasture (P> 0.05). The number of larvae present in pastures presented significant negative correlation (P≤0.05) with rainfall (P = 0.0001), ambient temperature (P = 0.0005) and relative humidity (P = 0.0120). On the other hand, the average parthenogenic counts in the animals' body did not show a significant correlation (P> 0.05) with the climatological parameters. In summary, it was possible to verify the presence of five generations / year of R. microplus in the tropical semi-humid region, besides the influence of the climatic variables on the non-parasitic phase of the bovine tick. These results are related to the biological, ecological, population and behavioral aspects of R. microplus, allowing us to help map an epidemiological profile in the region and to define future strategies for the management and control of this ectoparasite of cattle.O conhecimento da dinâmica populacional nos permite estudar as variações na abundância das populações de seres vivos. O conhecimento da abundância de carrapatos que parasitam os bovinos em lactação em uma determinada região é importante quando se considera os danos diretos que estes ectoparasitos causam e suas capacidades de transmitir agentes patogênicos para os animais. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar a dinâmica populacional de Rhipicephalus microplus em bovinos leiteiros mestiços naturalmente infestados, mantidos em sistema de pastejo rotacionado, durante 12 meses, em uma propriedade com climatologia regional tropical semiúmido no estado de Goiás. Para isso, semanalmente os bovinos selecionados tiveram os carrapatos fêmeas contado (4,5 a 8,0 mm). Também foi realizado quinzenalmente a técnica de arraste com flanela na pastagem para captura e posterior contagem das larvas de R. microplus. Os dados meteorológicos foram coletados durante o estudo para serem utilizados em análises de regressões e variância. Com base no delineamento experimental utilizado, foi possível observar o aumento no número de gerações do carrapato durante o experimento, para cinco gerações durante o ano. Observou-se, ainda, que as variáveis climáticas como umidade, temperatura e pluviometria teve relação direta com a quantidade de larvas presentes na pastagem (P>0,05). O número de larvas presente nas pastagens apresentou correlação negativa significativa (P≤0,05) com a precipitação pluviométrica (P=0,0001), temperatura ambiente (P=0,0005) e umidade relativa do ar (P=0,0120). Por outro lado, as contagens médias de partenógenas presentes no corpo dos animais, não apresentaram correlação significativa (P>0,05) com os parâmetros climatológicos. Em síntese, foi possível constatar a presença de cinco gerações/ano de R. microplus na região tropical semiúmido, além de influência das variáveis climáticas sobre a fase não parasitária do carrapato bovino. Tais resultados relacionam-se com os aspectos biológicos, ecológicos, populacionais e comportamentais de R. microplus, permitindo nos auxiliar a traçar um perfil epidemiológico na região e definir estratégias futuras de manejo e controle deste ectoparasito de bovinos

Eimeria species in dairy and beef cattle of different ages in Goiás state, Brazil

Abstract This study aimed to identify the frequency of occurrence of Eimeria species in Holstein (taurine dairy cattle) and Nelore (zebu beef cattle) on 12 farms in the state of Goiás, Brazil. A total of 2,601 animals were evaluated, and the cattle were divided into the following age-group categories: up to three months old, four to eight months old, nine to 16 months old and cows. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of all animals. None of the cattle presented any clinical signs of eimeriosis during the survey. From the results obtained, it could be concluded that higher rates of infection by Eimeria spp. were observed in Holstein cattle between the 1st and 16 th months of age and in Nelore cattle between the 1st and 8th months of age. Twelve and nine Eimeria species were diagnosed in Holstein and Nelore cattle, respectively. However, Eimeria zuernii was more prevalent in animals up to three months old, while Eimeria bovis was more common in the remaining categories (cattle aged four months and over). Future studies on the epidemiology and/or seasonality of infection by Eimeria species in cattle, from birth onwards, are needed in order to better understand the dynamics of E. zuernii and E. bovis occurrences, especially in cattle under three months of age

Prevalence of bovine fascioliasis, areas at risk and ensuing losses in the state of Goiás, Brazil

Abstract The present study had to determine the prevalence and spatial distribution of areas at risk of bovine fascioliasis in the state of Goiás, central-western Brazil between 2007 and 2014; to evaluate the associations of some epidemiological variables with occurrences of Fasciola hepatica in animals; and to estimate the economic losses that this parasite on the cattle industry. It could be concluded that of 23,255,979 animals slaughtered, the average prevalence of F. hepatica in cattle in Goiás during the period evaluated was 0.0026% (95% CI: 0.0024-0.0028). In the State of Goias, in about then years (since when this parasite was found for the first time by other researchers in 2007), F. hepatica was diagnosed in 168 new municipalities. Using the regression analysis, the effective bovine herd size was a significant risk factor (OR= 1.21; 95% CI 1.1022-1.4510; p ≤ 0.05) for cattle to be infected with fascioliasis in the state of Goiás. The cattle-rearing industry lost approximately R$15,072.75 (US$ 4,785) due to condemn of livers with Fasciola in the state of Goiás. New studies need to be conducted in these regions, with the aim to identify the likelihood of presence of intermediate hosts, which might serve as a source of F. hepatica infection for definitive hosts

In vivo effect of diflubenzuron, administered via mineral salt supplementation, against Haematobia irritans and Rhipicephalus microplus parasitizing cattle

Abstract This study involved two field trials with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of diflubenzuron, via mineral supplementation, against Haematobia irritans parasitizing cattle. Concomitantly with the main trial, a stall test was conducted to ascertain the effects of a different formulation with the same active ingredient against Rhipicephalus microplus, along with the action of diflubenzuron on the reproductive parameters of R. microplusfemales that had naturally detached from cattle. Against H. irritans, it was observed that the efficacy indexes fordiflubenzuron were low (≤ 31.3% or 44.6%) or null (0.0%) throughout the study. The anti- R. microplus efficacy of diflubenzuron, at weekly intervals, ranged from 0.0 to 13.7% over the entire experimental period. Null efficacy (0.0%) was registered for diflubenzuron in relation to the reproductive parameters of R. microplusfemales that had naturally detached from cattle. The different diflubenzuron formulations, administered via mineral salt supplementation, did not show satisfactory efficacy indexes against H. irritans and R. microplus parasitizing cattle, within the experimental design of the present study. In addition, this agent did not present any deleterious effects on the reproductive parameters of R. microplus females