Base-line characteristics of HIV-infected tuberculosis patients in Vietnam.

<p>IQR – inter-quartile; PK  =  pharmacokinetic; BMI  =  body mass index;</p>(1)<p>16/33 or 13/25 patients were underweight (BMI<18.5) and 17/33 or 12/25 were normal (BMI>18.5- 25.6)</p>(2)<p>Measured at the second visit (Day 14) before antiretroviral therapy initiation</p>(3)<p>N = 30</p

Pharmacokinetic parameters of rifabutin and 25-O desacetyl rifabutin.

<p>Data are presented as medians with the range in parenthesis</p><p>OD – once daily; TPW - three times per week; Cmax -peak concentration; Tmax - time to reach peak concentration; C0 - concentration at time 0; Cmin -concentration at the end of a dosing interval (24 h or 48 h);NA non available, Cmin 48 h post dosing non available in 10 patients; AUCτ – area under the curve during a dosing interval τ, τ is 24 h for OD dosing and 48 h for TPW. Cave – average concentration (AUCτ/τ).</p

Timeline of the pharmacokinetic trial of rifabutin with antiretroviral treatment in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis in Vietnam.

<p>PK =  pharmacokinetic analyses; TPW =  three times per week; OD  =  once per Day; d4T =  stavudine; 3TC  =  lamivudine; LPV/r  =  lopinavir/ritonavir; TB  =  tuberculosis; SCC  =  short course chemotherapy; RH =  rifampicin and isoniazid; ART  =  antiretroviral therapy; EFV  =  efavirenz</p

Serious adverse events in patients who completed all pharmacokinetic assessments (N = 25) and in patients who did not complete the assessments (N = 8).

<p>Serious adverse events in patients who completed all pharmacokinetic assessments (N = 25) and in patients who did not complete the assessments (N = 8).</p

Patient Flow Chart for the trial.

<p>PK =  pharmacokinetic analyses</p

Position of contamination observed in MODS Plates.

<p>C. Positive control (H₃₇Rv), S. Sample, F. Contaminated with fungi, Rv. Contaminated with H37Rv, Rv(4). Four experiments contaminated with H37Rv at this position.</p

Demographic characteristics of patients.

<p>Summary measure is n (%) for all categorical characteristics.</p><p>(*). Scar or parent report.</p><p>P value for comparison of all three groups. If P<0.05, P1, P2, P3 will be calculated.</p><p>P1: for comparison between confirmed TB and probable TB; P2: for between probable TB and TB unlikely and P3: for between TB unlikely and confirmed TB.</p

Time-dependent sensitivity of smear, MODS and MGIT.

<p>In the 73 samples which were both MGIT and MODS positive, the time dependent sensitivities of MODS were higher than MGIT on both day 7 (P<0.001) and day 14 (P = 0.04).</p

MODS positive in relation to Smear and MGIT, by patient.

<p>* This patient was deemed a false positive due to H37Rv (the positive control strain) identification by spoligotyping.</p

Time to MGIT positive and MODS positive in relation to smear grade.

<p>Filled dots are samples positive by either MGIT or MODS, lines are scatter plot smoothers. Both MGIT and MODS had a negative Spearman rank correlation with smear grade (P<0.001).</p