A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism within the Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Beta Gene Is Associated with Proteinuria in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

It has been suggested that genetic susceptibility plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. A large-scale genotyping analysis of gene-based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes identified the gene encoding acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB) as a candidate for a susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy; the landmark SNP was found in the intron 18 of ACACB (rs2268388: intron 18 +4139 C > T, p = 1.4×10−6, odds ratio = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33–1.96). The association of this SNP with diabetic nephropathy was examined in 9 independent studies (4 from Japan including the original study, one Singaporean, one Korean, and two European) with type 2 diabetes. One case-control study involving European patients with type 1 diabetes was included. The frequency of the T allele for SNP rs2268388 was consistently higher among patients with type 2 diabetes and proteinuria. A meta-analysis revealed that rs2268388 was significantly associated with proteinuria in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (p = 5.35×10−8, odds ratio = 1.61, 95% Cl: 1.35–1.91). Rs2268388 was also associated with type 2 diabetes–associated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in European Americans (p = 6×10−4, odds ratio = 1.61, 95% Cl: 1.22–2.13). Significant association was not detected between this SNP and nephropathy in those with type 1 diabetes. A subsequent in vitro functional analysis revealed that a 29-bp DNA fragment, including rs2268388, had significant enhancer activity in cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Fragments corresponding to the disease susceptibility allele (T) had higher enhancer activity than those of the major allele. These results suggest that ACACB is a strong candidate for conferring susceptibility for proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes

Aldose reductase (AC) n microsatellite polymorphism and diabetic microvascular complications in Caucasian Type 1 diabetes mellitus

A case-control study to investigate whether the aldose reductase (AC) n dinucleotide polymorphism (termed 5′-ALR2 polymorphism) is useful as a genetic marker for risk of microvascular complications among Caucasians Type 1 diabetic patients in Australia is reported. This marker was amplified from patient genomic DNA and then fractionated in 5% formamide-urea gels. A total of nine alleles was observed with Z, Z-2 and Z+2 being the major alleles. The distribution of alleles was comparable in diabetic subjects with diabetes and microvascular complications, diabetes without complications and normal non-diabetic control subjects. Similarly, when the distribution of alleles was examined in the patients subcategorized according to the presence of diabetic nephropathy or diabetic neuropathy, no significant association was observed. While the size of the study makes it impossible to exclude a weak linkage, it is concluded that the 5′-ALR2 polymorphism is not useful as a genetic marker for susceptibility to diabetic microvascular complications in Caucasian Type 1 diabetic patients. Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Reconfigurable frequency switching and synchronization for noise avoidance in power line communication system

2020 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Asia (ICCE-Asia 2020), Seoul, South Korea, 1-3 November 2020202405 bcchAccepted ManuscriptSelf-fundedPublishedGreen (AAM

LoRa data throughput enhancement by slotted channel activity detection

2020 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, APMC 2020, 8-11 December, 2020, Hong Kong SAR, PR China, Virtual Conference202405 bcchAccepted ManuscriptSelf-fundedPublishedGreen (AAM