509 research outputs found

    Understanding how and when personal values foster entrepreneurial behavior: a humane perspective

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    This study aims to examine the role of entrepreneurial inten- tions and motivations in the interplay between humane- oriented personal values and entrepreneurial behavior. Using data from 593 individuals in 2010 and 2019, we uncover how and when humane-oriented personal values (conservation and self-transcendence) lead to self-employment. Results suggest that entrepreneurial intentions function as a mechanism that triggers self-employment decisions for individuals with humane- oriented personal values and that this effect is stronger when they engage in opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for the literature on personal values and the intention-action link.Ministerio de EconomĂ­a y Competitividad ECO2016-75655-

    General-Sum Multi-Agent Continuous Inverse Optimal Control

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    IEEE Modelling possible future outcomes of robot-human interactions is of importance in the intelligent vehicle and mobile robotics domains. Knowing the reward function that explains the observed behaviour of a human agent is advantageous for modelling the behaviour with Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). However, learning the rewards that determine the observed actions from data is complicated by interactions. We present a novel inverse reinforcement learning(IRL) algorithm that can infer the reward function in multi-agent interactive scenarios. In particular, the agents may act boundedly rational (i.e., sub-optimal), a characteristic that is typical for human decision making. Additionally, every agent optimizes its own reward function which makes it possible to address non-cooperative setups. In contrast to other methods, the algorithm does not rely on reinforcement learning during inference of the parameters of the reward function. We demonstrate that our proposed method accurately infers the ground truth reward function in two-agent interactive experiments

    Uncovering the affective turmoil during opportunity recognition and exploitation: a nonlinear approach

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    This study explores the affective turmoil experienced by nascent entrepreneurs during opportunity recognition and exploitation. Based on the affect circumplex model, we employed nonlinear methods to identify configurations of affect that emerge during these early stages of the entrepreneurial journey. We analyzed data from 50 nascent entrepreneurs using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) trained with twenty affect dimensions as input variables and opportunity recognition and opportunity exploitation as outcomes. Results show that nascent entrepreneurs experience different affect configurations during opportunity recognition and exploitation. While four configurations of affect emerged associated with opportunity recognition and exploitation, their nature and importance to the experienced event are significantly different. Specifically, “active screening” is the most important configuration of affect during opportunity recognition, while “vigilant” is the most important during opportunity exploitation. We posit that nonlinear methods can help to uncover the affective turmoil experienced by entrepreneurs during a particular event. These findings provide new insights on how affect associates differently with cognition during the early stages of entrepreneurship.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    A disilene base adduct with a dative Si–Si single bond.

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    An experimental and theoretical study of the base- stabilized disilene 1 is reported, whichforms at lowtemper- atures in the disproportionation reaction of Si 2 Cl 6 or neo- Si 5 Cl 12 with equimolar amounts of NMe 2 Et. Single-crystal X- ray diffraction and quantum-chemical bonding analysis dis- close an unprecedented structure in silicon chemistry featuring adative Si!Si single bond between two silylene moieties, Me 2 EtN!SiCl 2 !Si(SiCl 3 ) 2 .The central ambiphilic SiCl 2 group is linked by dative bonds to the amine donor and the bis(trichlorosilyl)silylene acceptor,which leads to push–pull stabilization. Based on experimental and theoretical examina- tions aformation mechanism is presented that involves an autocatalytic reaction of the intermediately formed anion Si(SiCl 3 ) 3 ¢ with neo-Si 5 Cl 12 to yield 1

    Designed Azolopyridinium Salts Block Protective Antigen Pores In Vitro and Protect Cells from Anthrax Toxin

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    Background:Several intracellular acting bacterial protein toxins of the AB-type, which are known to enter cells by endocytosis, are shown to produce channels. This holds true for protective antigen (PA), the binding component of the tripartite anthrax-toxin of Bacillus anthracis. Evidence has been presented that translocation of the enzymatic components of anthrax-toxin across the endosomal membrane of target cells and channel formation by the heptameric/octameric PA63 binding/translocation component are related phenomena. Chloroquine and some 4-aminoquinolones, known as potent drugs against Plasmodium falciparium infection of humans, block efficiently the PA63-channel in a dose dependent way.Methodology/Principal Findings:Here we demonstrate that related positively charged heterocyclic azolopyridinium salts block the PA63-channel in the μM range, when both, inhibitor and PA63 are added to the same side of the membrane, the cis-side, which corresponds to the lumen of acidified endosomal vesicles of target cells. Noise-analysis allowed the study of the kinetics of the plug formation by the heterocycles. In vivo experiments using J774A.1 macrophages demonstrated that the inhibitors of PA63-channel function also efficiently block intoxication of the cells by the combination lethal factor and PA63 in the same concentration range as they block the channels in vitro.Conclusions/Significance:These results strongly argue in favor of a transport of lethal factor through the PA63-channel and suggest that the heterocycles used in this study could represent attractive candidates for development of novel therapeutic strategies against anthrax. © 2013 Beitzinger et al
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