Multinational Production: Effect on Brand Value

Direct foreign investment in manufacturing abroad has a number of consequences for the firm. One aspect, particularly salient when the company's image is tied to its home country, is the impact of the DFI upon customer perceptions of the brand. The present study shows how changes in perceptions can be assessed prior to the investment decision, and how the brand value consequences of a particular location can be estimated. The proposed method is illustrated using data from a Japanese company's entry into the U.S.© 1986 JIBS. Journal of International Business Studies (1986) 17, 101–126

Product Placement and Brand Equity

Product placement is the planned insertion of a brand within a movie, a fiction, etc. It can be used with other communication tools (i.e. advertising, sales promotions, etc.) in order to disseminate brand awareness and characterize brand image, developing brand equity. In global markets, product placement is particularly useful for improving brand equity of brands with a well established brand awareness