180 research outputs found
Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part V:Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart
Reise des Entomologen Hermann Loew nach Kleinasien in den Jahren 1841–1842: [Entomologist Hermann Loew’s trip to Asia Minor in the years 1841–1842]
Die Reise des Lehrers und Naturforschers Hermann Loew (1807–1879) in das Osmanische Reich in den Jahren 1841 und 1842 wird rekonstruiert. Sie führte ihn in die heutige westliche Türkei und auf die östlichen griechischen Inseln. Loew ist vor allem als Dipterologe bekannt geworden. Seine wissenschaftlich sehr wertvolle und typenreiche Zweiflügler-Sammlung wird hauptsächlich im Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin aufbewahrt. Sie enthält auch das von ihm auf dieser Expedition nach Kleinasien gesammelte Material. Da diese Reise nie zusammenfassend publiziert wurde und das Sammlungsmaterial nur unzureichend dokumentiert ist, bestand die Notwendigkeit durch entsprechende Recherchen zur Klärung des Typenmaterials beizutragen. Im Abschnitt Material und Methoden werden die verwendeten Informationsquellen genannt und die Arbeit mit dem Archivmaterial wird beschrieben. Anhand der verfügbaren Unterlagen wurde der Reiseverlauf in vier Abschnitten rekonstruiert: 3.1 Vorbereitung und Anreise bis Constantinopel. – 3.2 Von Constantinopel quer durch das Land bis Adalia und Rhodus (Spätsommer und Herbst 1841). – 3.3 Von Rhodus via Smyrna durch die Gebirge und Küstenländer und zurück nach Rhodus (Winter und Frühjahr 1842). – 3.4 Abschluss der Expedition im Sommer 1842 und Heimreise. Die Reiseroute wird auf zwei Karten getrennt für die Jahre 1841 und 1842 dargestellt. Die erwähnten topographischen Namen und Ortsbezeichnungen (einschließlich aller Typenfundorte), werden lokalisiert und tabellarisch zusammengestellt. Den historischen Namen werden ihre modernen Entsprechungen zugeordnet und die heutige administrative und politische Zugehörigkeit dieser Orte sowie ihre geographischen Koordinaten werden genannt. Die verwendeten historischen Quellen sind in einem separaten Verzeichnis aufgeführt. Aus dem von Loew während dieser Reise gesammelten zoologischen Material wurden 254 Arten beschrieben. Sie werden mit den dazugehörigen Literaturstellen genannt. Es folgt eine Übersicht zur vorgefundenen historischen Etikettierung des von der Reise mitgebrachten Materials in der Dipterensammlung Loew.The journey of the teacher and naturalist Hermann Loew (1807–1879) to the Ottoman Empire (today’s western Turkey and eastern Greek islands) in 1841 and 1842 is reconstructed. Loew is best known as a dipterologist. His scientifically very valuable and type-rich collection of two-winged flies is kept primarily in the Museum of Natural History in Berlin. It also contains the material he collected on this expedition to Asia Minor. Since the account of this trip has never been published and the collection material is only insufficiently documented, there was a need to contribute to the clarification of the type material by doing appropriate research.In the Material and Methods section, the studied information sources are listed and the work with the archival material is described. Based on the available documents, the itinerary was reconstructed in four sections: 3.1 Preparation and arrival to Constantinople. – 3.2 From Constantinople across the country to Adalia and Rhodus (late summer and autumn 1841). – 3.3 From Rhodus via Smyrna through the mountains and coastal countries, and back to Rhodus (winter to spring 1842). – 3.4 Completion of the expedition in summer 1842 and the journey home. The route is shown separately on two maps for the years 1841 and 1842. The mentioned topographical names and place names (including all type localities) were pinpointed and compiled in a table. The historical names are assigned their modern equivalents and the current administrative and political assignment of these places as well as their geographical coordinates are given. The historical sources are listed in a separate directory. The 254 species described from the zoological material collected by Loew during this journey are also named with their associated literature. The following is an overview of the historical labeling found on the material brought back from the trip in the Loew Diptera collection
Taxonomy Based on Science Is Necessary for Global Conservation [Formal comment]
Taxonomy is a scientific discipline that has provided the universal naming and classification system of biodiversity for centuries and continues effectively to accommodate new knowledge. A recent publication by Garnett and Christidis expressed concerns regarding the difficulty that taxonomic changes represent for conservation efforts and proposed the establishment of a system to govern taxonomic changes. Their proposal to “restrict the freedom of taxonomic action” through governing subcommittees that would “review taxonomic papers for compliance” and their assertion that “the scientific community\u27s failure to govern taxonomy threatens the effectiveness of global efforts to halt biodiversity loss, damages the credibility of science, and is expensive to society” are flawed in many respects. They also assert that the lack of governance of taxonomy damages conservation efforts, harms the credibility of science, and is costly to society. Despite its fairly recent release, Garnett and Christidis\u27 proposition has already been rejected by a number of colleagues. Herein, we contribute to the conversation between taxonomists and conservation biologists aiming to clarify some misunderstandings and issues in the proposition by Garnett and Christidis. Placing governance over the science of taxonomy blurs the distinction between taxonomy and nomenclature. Garnett and Christidis\u27s proposal is far-reaching but represents a narrow perspective of taxonomy, as utilized by conservation, and reflects an increasingly broad misunderstanding throughout biology of the scientific basis of taxonomy, formalized nomenclature, and the relationship between them. This trend may have resulted from the attenuation of instruction in taxonomic principles and, in particular, nomenclature at many universities, in part because of a shift in research priorities away from taxonomy
Fauna Europaea: Diptera -Brachycera
Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Pape, T., Beuk, P., Pont, A. C., Shatalkin, A. I., Ozerov, A. L., Woźnica, A. J., ... de Jong, Y. (2015). Fauna Europaea: 3, [e4187]. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4187 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Abstract Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names (including important synonyms) of all extant multicellular European terrestrial and freshwater animals and their geographical distribution at the level of countries and major islands (east of the Urals and excluding the Caucasus region). The Fauna Europaea project comprises about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. Fauna Europaea represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing taxonomic specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many user communities in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education. The Diptera-Brachycera is one of the 58 Fauna Europaea major taxonomic groups, and data have been compiled by a network of 55 specialists. Within the two-winged insects (Diptera), the Brachycera constitute a monophyletic group, which is generally given rank of suborder. The Brachycera may be classified into the probably paraphyletic 'lower brachyceran grade' and the monophyletic Eremoneura. The latter contains the Empidoidea, the Apystomyioidea with a single Nearctic species, and the Cyclorrhapha, which in turn is divided into the paraphyletic 'aschizan grade' and the monophyletic Schizophora. The latter is traditionally divided into the paraphyletic 'acalyptrate grade' and the monophyletic Calyptratae. Our knowledge of the European fauna of Diptera-Brachycera varies tremendously among families, from the reasonably well known hoverflies (Syrphidae) to the extremely poorly known scuttle flies (Phoridae). There has been a steady growth in our knowledge of European Diptera for the last two centuries, with no apparent slow down, but there is a shift towards a larger fraction of the new species being found among the families of the nematoceran grade (lower Diptera), which due to a larger number of small-sized species may be considered as taxonomically more challenging. Most of Europe is highly industrialised and has a high human population density, and the more fertile habitats are extensively cultivated. This has undoubtedly increased the extinction risk for numerous species of brachyceran flies, yet with the recent re-discovery of Thyreophora cynophila (Panzer), there are no known cases of extinction at a European level. However, few national Red Lists have extensive information on Diptera. For the Diptera-Brachycera, data from 96 families containing 11,751 species are included in this paper
The National Early Warning Score and its subcomponents recorded within ±24 hours of emergency medical admission are poor predictors of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury
YesBackground: Hospital-acquired Acute Kidney Injury (H-AKI) is a common cause of avoidable morbidity and mortality.
Aim: To determine if the patients’ vital signs data as defined by a National Early Warning Score (NEWS), can predict H-AKI following emergency admission to hospital.
Methods: Analyses of emergency admissions to York hospital over 24-months with NEWS data. We report the area under the curve (AUC) for logistic regression models that used the index NEWS (model A0), plus age and sex (A1), plus subcomponents of NEWS (A2) and two-way interactions (A3). Likewise for maximum NEWS (models B0,B1,B2,B3).
Results: 4.05% (1361/33608) of emergency admissions had H-AKI. Models using the index NEWS had the lower AUCs (0.59 to 0.68) than models using the maximum NEWS AUCs (0.75 to 0.77). The maximum NEWS model (B3) was more sensitivity than the index NEWS model (A0) (67.60% vs 19.84%) but identified twice as many cases as being at risk of H-AKI (9581 vs 4099) at a NEWS of 5.
Conclusions: The index NEWS is a poor predictor of H-AKI. The maximum NEWS is a better predictor but seems unfeasible because it is only knowable in retrospect and is associated with a substantial increase in workload albeit with improved sensitivity.The Health Foundatio
Serendipidae Evenhuis, 1994 (Insecta: Diptera) and Serendipidae Brooks and Barriga, 1995 (Platyhelminthes: Eucestoda): Proposed Removal of Homonymy
Homonymy between names in the family group may result from similarity, but not identity of the names of their type genera. Such a case involves Serendipa Evenhuis, 1994 and Serendip Brooks and Barriga, 1995. Evenhuis (1994) proposed Serendipa to replace Paratendipes Hong and Wang, 1990 and the Paratendipedidae Hong and Wang, 1990, which had been proposed for P. laiyangensis, a fossil dipteran from Upper Jurassic deposits in China. Evenhuis (1994) reported that Paratendipes Hong and Wang, 1990 was preoccupied by Paratendipes Kieffer, 1911, necessitating the change. Consequently, Paratendipedidae Hong and Wang, 1990 became Serendipidae Evenhuis, 1994
Campsicnemus mylloseta Evenhuis, new species
Campsicnemus mylloseta Evenhuis, new species (Figs. 14, 19) Diagnosis. This species is easily distinguished from the other members of this species group by the single kinked seta with a tiny horn-like spur (Fig. 14) on the apical third of the male mid femur venter (this modified setae hooked, curlicue, bifid, or bent in the other species). Description. Body length: 1.0– 1.1 mm. Wing length: 1.3–1.4 mm. Male. Head. Black, face black; oc and vt broken off; front, occiput, and vertex black with blue highlights; face constricted at middle, almost holoptic, eyes separated below antennae by width of 1–2 ommatidia; palp small, dark brown; proboscis brown, extending slightly below eye in lateral view; antennal segments yellowish brown; postpedicel long, conical, length about 3.5 x width; arista slightly longer than head height. Thorax: Mesoscutum, scutellum, and pleura yellowish with brown admedian vittae coalesced in prescutellar area; thoracic setae black: 1 + 3 dc; 2 np; 2 ph; 1 pa; 1 + 1 sc; ac absent; halter stem yellowish brown, knob brown. Legs: CI and CIII; CII brown; remainder of legs yellowish; FII (Fig. 14) with 4–5 stiff black setae ventrally, with one thick straight seta and one crooked or kinked seta with small horn-like spur; TiII (Fig. 19) relatively straight, swollen medially, with 8 long stiff setae on lateral surface basal to and on swollen area (MSSC), smaller black setae and hairs along entire ventral and posterior surfaces. Remainder of leg segments broken off and missing. Wing: Pale smoky throughout; subcostal section straight, not concave; alula extremely reduced; no indentation on M 1 + 2 beyond crossvein dm-cu; crossvein dm-cu perpendicular to CuA 1. Abdomen. Yellow with brown along posterior margins, with sparse short black hairs dorsally on each tergite; tergal interstices whitish; sternites yellowish. Hypopygium yellowish brown with paler brown cerci, not dissected. Female. same as in male except lack of MSSC; postpedicel length subequal to width, pointed apically. Types. Holotype ɗ (BPBM 16,749) and paratype Ψ from FRENCH POLYNESIA: Society Is: HUAHINE: Mt. Turi, 630–650 m, 25 Jul 2007, Metrosideros sweep, R. Englund. Holotype deposited in BPBM. Remarks. The holotype is damaged with only the mid femora (and one mid tibia) remaining beyond the coxae. The rest of the legs are missing but enough salient characters exist to easily verify this as a new species. Given these facts plus the small chance that other specimens will be collected anytime soon as the type locality is extremely difficult to access, it was thought best to go ahead with the description here based on only one male specimen. Etymology. The specific epithet derives from the Greek, Μψλλοσ = “bent, crooked”; referring to the kinked black seta on the venter of the mid femur that characterizes the species.Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., 2008, The Campsicnemus lobatus and zigzag groups in the Society Islands, French Polynesia (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), pp. 27-44 in Zootaxa 1910 on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18454
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