401 research outputs found
Minimal repair of failed components in coherent systems
© 2019
This document is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This document is the accepted version of a published work that appeared in final form in European Journal of Operational ResearchThe minimal repair replacement is a reasonable assumption in many practical systems. Under this as- sumption a failed component is replaced by another one whose reliability is the same as that of the component just before the failure, i.e., a used component with the same age. In this paper we study the minimal repair in coherent systems. We consider both the cases of independent and dependent compo- nents. Three replacement policies are studied. In the first one, the first failed component in the system is minimally repaired while, in the second one, we repair the component which causes the system fail- ure. A new technique based on the relevation transform is used to compute the reliability of the systems obtained under these replacement policies. In the third case, we consider the replacement policy which assigns the minimal repair to a fixed component in the system. We compare these three options un- der different stochastic criteria and for different system structures. In particular, we provide the optimal strategies for all the coherent systems with 1–4 independent and identically distributed components
The Dunkl–Williams constant, convexity, smoothness and normal structure
AbstractIn this paper we exhibit some connections between the Dunkl–Williams constant and some other well-known constants and notions. We establish bounds for the Dunkl–Williams constant that explain and quantify a characterization of uniformly nonsquare Banach spaces in terms of the Dunkl–Williams constant given by M. Baronti and P.L. Papini. We also study the relationship between Dunkl–Williams constant, the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and normal structure
Minimal repair of failed components in coherent systems
The minimal repair replacement is a reasonable assumption in many practical systems. Under this
assumption a failed component is replaced by another one whose reliability is the same as that of
the component just before the failure, i.e., a used component with the same age. In this paper
we study the minimal repair in coherent systems. We consider both the cases of independent and
dependent components. Three replacement policies are studied. In the first one, the first failed
component in the system is minimally repaired while, in the second one, we repair the component
which causes the system failure. A new technique based on the relevation transform is used to
compute the reliability of the systems obtained under these replacement policies. In the third
case, we consider the replacement policy which assigns the minimal repair to a fixed component
in the system. We compare these three options under different stochastic criteria and for different
system structures. In particular, we provide the optimal strategy for all the coherent systems with
1-4 independent and identically distributed components
Condiciones optimas de manipulación para la cuantificación de fibronectina en saliva
Introducción: La fibronectina (Fn) es una glucoproteína presente
en múltiples fluidos y tejidos orgánicos, tanto en condiciones
fisiológicas como patológicas. También en la saliva puede
detectarse aunque en muy pequeñas cantidades y frecuentemente
en cadenas fragmentadas, induce agregación bacteriana y sus
niveles se reducen cuando aumentan los niveles de bacterias
cariogénicas o periodontopatógenas. La capacidad infectiva de
la saliva de los pacientes infectados por el virus de la
inmunodificiencia humana (VIH) se ha relacionado con los niveles
de esta proteína. En algunas enfermedades crónicas de la
mucosa oral como es el liquen plano, la concentración de Fn
salivar se encuentra reducida. También su cuantificación varía
en presencia de algunos tumores como el carcinoma oral de
células escamosas, aunque no puede considerarse un factor específico.
Objetivo: Debido a la baja concentración de Fn en la saliva y a
su labilidad en la forma soluble, las condiciones de recogida y
conservación de las muestras son extremadamente importantes,
por ello nos proponemos en el presente trabajo estandarizar
dichas condiciones con el fin de poder cuantificarla de manera
óptima.
Material y método: Se determinó la concentración de Fn en
saliva humana de 20 personas sanas de edades comprendidas
entre 28 y 54 años mediante técnica de ELISA, comparando la
concentración de la proteína en muestras frescas, conservadas
24 h a 4ºC, o congeladas a - 40ºC durante diferentes periodos
de tiempo.
Resultados y conclusiones: Tras comparar diferentes formas de
conservación de las muestras de saliva, observamos que las condiciones
óptimas son: recoger las muestras en tubos de vidrio, cuantificarlas inmediatamente tras su recogida o como máximo
24 horas después, conservándolas a 4ºC. La congelación y
posterior descongelación para su cuantificación induce pérdidas
de hasta el 60 % de la proteína.Introduction: Fibronectin (Fn) is a glycoprotein that is present
in many body fluids and tissues in both physiological and
pathological conditions. It can also be detected in the saliva,
although only in very small quantities and frequently in broken
chains. It induces bacterial aggregation and its levels fall when
those of cariogenic or periodontal pathogenic bacteria rise. The
infective capacity of the saliva of patients infected by human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been linked to the levels of
this protein. In some chronic conditions of the oral mucosa,
such as oral lichen planus, the concentration of salivary fibronectin
is lower than usual. Fibronectin quantity also varies in
the presence of some tumours, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma,
although it cannot be considered a specific factor.
Aims: Due to the low Fn concentration in saliva and its lability
in the soluble form, sample collection and conservation
conditions are extremely important. The aim of this study is
therefore to standardise these conditions so that the Fn can be
quantified in an optimum manner.
Materials and methods: The Fn concentration in human saliva
was determined in 20 healthy subjects aged between 28 and 54
by means of the ELISA technique and the concentration of the
protein in fresh samples kept at 4ºC for 24 hours was compared
with that of frozen samples kept at '40ºC for different periods
of time.
Results and Conclusions: After comparing different ways of
conserving the saliva samples, we found that the optimum
conditions were to collect the samples in glass tubes and to
quantify them immediately after collection or conserve them at
4ºC and quantify them within a maximum of 24 hours. Freezing
and later thawing for quantification induced losses of up to 60%
of the protein
The Effect of Social Trust on Citizens’ Health Risk Perception in the Context of a Petrochemical Industrial Complex
Perceived risk of environmental threats often translates into psychological stress
with a wide range of effects on health and well-being. Petrochemical industrial complexes
constitute one of the sites that can cause considerable pollution and health problems. The
uncertainty around emissions results in a perception of risk for citizens residing in
neighboring areas, which translates into anxiety and physiological stress. In this context,
social trust is a key factor in managing the perceived risk. In the case of industrial risks, it
is essential to distinguish between trust in the companies that make up the industry, and
trust in public institutions. In the context of a petrochemical industrial complex located in
the port of Castellón (Spain), this paper primarily discusses how trust—both in the
companies located in the petrochemical complex and in the public institutions—affects
citizens’ health risk perception. The research findings confirm that while the trust in
companies negatively affects citizens’ health risk perception, trust in public institutions
does not exert a direct and significant effect. Analysis also revealed that trust in public
institutions and health risk perception are essentially linked indirectly (through trust in
companies)
Residents´ behaviour as a function of cognitive appraisals and affective responses toward a petrochemical industrial complex
Environmental degradation due to polluting industrial complexes constitutes a relevant issue for local community. Most studies focus on the negative externalities, in terms of pollution, of these industrial complexes, although some research has also explored the economic benefits of these installations and the harm their closure can inflict on the local economy. In the context of a petrochemical complex located in Castellón (Spain), the present paper analyses how residents' cognitive appraisal of the economic and environmental aspects leads to their affective responses, and how both elements – cognitive and affective – jointly explain their behavioural intention. The proposed hypotheses are tested on a sample of 992 individuals. The results confirm that cognitive appraisals, directly and by means of the affective response, have a significant influence on the residents' behavioural intention towards their place of residence. The findings also show that affective response has a higher impact than cognitive response and, additionally, that environmental aspects play a more important role than economic ones. Furthermore, the relationship between affects and behavioural intention has a greater weight among citizens who live closest to the petrochemical complex. Implications for firms' and public authorities' environmental management are discussed
Influencia de los estilos educativos paternos en el consumo de drogas en adolescentes
El presente estudio pretende examinar el papel predictivo de la percepcion de la educacion paterna por parte de los hijos, en el consumo de diferentes sustancias (alcohol, cannabis y tabaco) durante la adolescencia.Método: Se administro un cuestionario anonimo desarrollado para medir la cantidad de sustancias consumidas en una semana y el tipo de educacion percibida de sus padres, asi como diferentes variables personales. La muestra estaba compuesta por 1378 sujetos, con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y los 19 anos. El analisis se realizo a traves del Modelo de Regresion de Poisson.Resultados: El tipo de educacion recibida parece influir en funcion de la sustancia analizada. Se ha encontrado que un estilo educativo democratico autoritario es protector para el consumo de drogas y un estilo permisivo correlaciona con un mayor consumo. Por otro lado, la figura paterna influye en el consumo de alcohol y la de ambos padres en el consumo de cannabis y tabaco.Discusión: El tipo de educacion que reciben los adolescentes determina la utilizacion y el consumo que hacen de las drogas. Por tanto, es importante intervenir en el ambito familiar a traves de los programas de prevencion, ensenando a los padres las pautas mas adecuadas en la educacion de sus hijos
Noves dades sobre fongs ibèrics
Noves dades sobre fongs. Es presenten cinc espècies de fongs interessants per la seva raresa: Craterellus konradii Bourdot et Maire, Lepiota fuscovinacea F. H. Möller et J. E. Lange, Lepiota hystrix Möller et J. E. Lange, Lyophyllum fumosum (Pers.) P. D. Orton i L. rhopalopodium Clémençon,
trobades a Barcelona, Girona i Cuenca (Espanya). Els diferents tàxons tractats van acompanyats de descripcions i iconografia original, així com de comentaris taxonòmics.New records of Iberian fungi. Five interesting rare species of fungi are reported: Cra terellus konradii Bourdot et Maire, Lepiota fuscovinacea F.H. Móller et J.E. Lange, Lepiota hystrix
Möller et J.E. Lange, Lyophyllum fumosum (Pers.) P.D. Orton and L. rhopalopodium Clemençon, collected in Barcelona, Cuenca and Giron a (Spain). Descriptions, original iconography and comments are provided
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