6 research outputs found
Functional analysis and treatment of self-injurious behavior in young children a summary of 30 cases.
The assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) has received much attention in the literature; however, few studies have focused on early intervention for this behavior. In the current study, functional analyses with developmentally appropriate modifications were conducted in an outpatient clinic with 30 children (aged 10 months to 4 years 11 months) to assess SIB and problem behavior in its early stages. The reported mean age of SIB onset was 17 months, and head banging was the most prevalent topography. Functional analyses identified sources of reinforcement for SIB in 62.1% of cases; with the inclusion of all forms of problem behavior, sources of reinforcement were identified for 87.5% of cases. Function-based treatments were developed for 24 cases, with functional communication training prescribed most often (70.8% of cases). Implications of these findings for the development of early intervention programs for SIB are discussed
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Neuropsychological outcomes in patients with complicated versus uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury: a 6 months follow-up
Objective: To evaluate the extent of persistent neuropsychological impairment in patients with complicated versus uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Methods: 61 patients with mTBI (GCS 13 to 15) were prospectively recruited, categorized according to baseline CT findings, and underwent neuropsychological assessment at initial admission (n=61) as well as at 6 month follow-up (n=30). A paired t-test, Cohen's d effect size calculation, and repeated measure ANOVA were used to establish the differences between the groups in terms of their neuropsychological performance. Results: A trend of poorer neuropsychological performance among complicated mTBI patients was observed during admission; however, performance in this group improved over time. The uncomplicated mTBI group in contrast showed slower recovery especially on tasks of memory, visuospatial processing, and executive functions at follow up. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, despite the broad umbrella designation of mTBI, the current classification schemes of injury severity for mild neurotrauma should be revisited, and they also raise questions about the clinical relevance of both traumatic focal lesions and the absence of visible traumatic lesions on brain imaging studies related to patients with milder forms of head trauma