Nine New Variable Stars in Camelopardalis

Nine new short period variable stars have been discovered in the direction of the open cluster Cr464 in Camelopardalis. The field was observed using Tzec Maun Observatory's telescope AP180. Two new variable stars were classified as pulsating stars (RRab and RRc types). The other seven stars are binary systems. One of them is of ELL-type, four binaries were recognized as EW-type, and two systems are rather short period EA-type binaries. All new variables were registered in the VSX catalogue.Comment: 8 pages, 19 figure

How Can the Actuarial Reduction for Social Security Early Retirement Be Right?

Traditionally Social Security's Normal Retirement Age has been 65, but for the last 45 years both men and women have had the option to claim benefits at the Early Eligibility Age (EEA) of 62. In exchange for claiming early, individuals receive a smaller monthly benefit. The legislation that established the EEA reduced benefits by 5/9 of 1 percent for each month before age 65, so that a person claiming at age 62 would face a 20 percent [(5/9)*36] reduction. This publication explains the factor of 5/9 and why it has remained constant since the establishment of the EEA.

Loschmidt Echo and the Local Density of States

Loschmidt echo (LE) is a measure of reversibility and sensitivity to perturbations of quantum evolutions. For weak perturbations its decay rate is given by the width of the local density of states (LDOS). When the perturbation is strong enough, it has been shown in chaotic systems that its decay is dictated by the classical Lyapunov exponent. However, several recent studies have shown an unexpected non-uniform decay rate as a function of the perturbation strength instead of that Lyapunov decay. Here we study the systematic behavior of this regime in perturbed cat maps. We show that some perturbations produce coherent oscillations in the width of LDOS that imprint clear signals of the perturbation in LE decay. We also show that if the perturbation acts in a small region of phase space (local perturbation) the effect is magnified and the decay is given by the width of the LDOS.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Preemptive scheduling on uniform parallel machines with controllable job processing times

In this paper, we provide a unified approach to solving preemptive scheduling problems with uniform parallel machines and controllable processing times. We demonstrate that a single criterion problem of minimizing total compression cost subject to the constraint that all due dates should be met can be formulated in terms of maximizing a linear function over a generalized polymatroid. This justifies applicability of the greedy approach and allows us to develop fast algorithms for solving the problem with arbitrary release and due dates as well as its special case with zero release dates and a common due date. For the bicriteria counterpart of the latter problem we develop an efficient algorithm that constructs the trade-off curve for minimizing the compression cost and the makespan

Obtaining and Characteristic of the Autolysate of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Fragments of bacterial peptidoglycan relating to compounds of the muropeptide series have high biological activity. They have an immunological effect, due to the fact that they are signals for immune receptors and, accordingly, their activators. In order to obtain fragments of peptidoglycans, the autolysis of the bacterial mass Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus 2–11 was performed and the characteristics of protein nature products of autolysate were given. To obtain cell suspensions at different growth stages, a growth curve of the bacterial culture was constructed for 48 hours. The autolysis of biomass was carried out at the end of the logarithmic phase of growth at the temperatures 37–90 0C and after the stationary phase of growth at the temperatures 37–90 0C for 7 days. The degree of autolytic changes was evaluated by the definition of colony forming units, the accumulation of amino acids, low molecular weight peptides and soluble protein in the autolysate. The results of studies of autolytic biomass changes have shown that the largest accumulation of amino acids occurs in autolysate, which was obtained at the end of the logarithmic phase of the growth of bacterial mass at exposures at 90 0C. The molecular-mass composition of protein nature compounds of the autolysate soluble fraction is determined. It is established that peptides with a molecular weight in the range corresponding to the molecular weight of the muropeptides are presented in the autolystate, but their quantity is rather insignificant