The Urban Anthropologist as Flâneur; the Symbolic Pattern of Indonesian Cities

Cities are places full of symbols. In the past decades, Indonesian cities have become the cradle of urban symbolism studies. In this article, the author presents the results of these studies. The cities researched differ tremendously, ranging from the national capital to provincial capitals and small towns; some of them, such as Jakarta, are purely colonial in origin, while others are more or less traditional in character. Some of them have a top-down symbolic structure, largely the product of government activities, while others have symbolic configurations which have a more grassroots character and are based in the religious domain. The methodological aspect of urban symbolism fieldwork is explored by the introduction of the concept of flâneur

Diskursus Kepemimpinan Pemerintahan Kontemporer

: This article outlines two things: first, the concept of leadership that includes the causal emergence of leaders and leadership requirements; and secondly, the concept of governance includes the debate whether or not the government and the various forms of contemporary governance. As a result, the government\u27s leadership in an area of government is determined by the capabilities possessed by every leader. Capability in question is the ability of the government in implementing the tasks according to the needs and interests of its people and the demands of a global society. It takes the ability of a leader to understand the aspirations of its people and read the trend of the times are constantly changing

Allele-specific expression and eQTL analysis in mouse adipose tissue.

BackgroundThe simplest definition of cis-eQTLs versus trans, refers to genetic variants that affect expression in an allele specific manner, with implications on underlying mechanism. Yet, due to technical limitations of expression microarrays, the vast majority of eQTL studies performed in the last decade used a genomic distance based definition as a surrogate for cis, therefore exploring local rather than cis-eQTLs.ResultsIn this study we use RNAseq to explore allele specific expression (ASE) in adipose tissue of male and female F1 mice, produced from reciprocal crosses of C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains. Comparison of the identified cis-eQTLs, to local-eQTLs, that were obtained from adipose tissue expression in two previous population based studies in our laboratory, yields poor overlap between the two mapping approaches, while both local-eQTL studies show highly concordant results. Specifically, local-eQTL studies show ~60% overlap between themselves, while only 15-20% of local-eQTLs are identified as cis by ASE, and less than 50% of ASE genes are recovered in local-eQTL studies. Utilizing recently published ENCODE data, we also find that ASE genes show significant bias for SNPs prevalence in DNase I hypersensitive sites that is ASE direction specific.ConclusionsWe suggest a new approach to analysis of allele specific expression that is more sensitive and accurate than the commonly used fisher or chi-square statistics. Our analysis indicates that technical differences between the cis and local-eQTL approaches, such as differences in genomic background or sex specificity, account for relatively small fraction of the discrepancy. Therefore, we suggest that the differences between two eQTL mapping approaches may facilitate sorting of SNP-eQTL interactions into true cis and trans, and that a considerable portion of local-eQTL may actually represent trans interactions

Advancing Alternative Analysis: Integration of Decision Science.

Decision analysis-a systematic approach to solving complex problems-offers tools and frameworks to support decision making that are increasingly being applied to environmental challenges. Alternatives analysis is a method used in regulation and product design to identify, compare, and evaluate the safety and viability of potential substitutes for hazardous chemicals.Assess whether decision science may assist the alternatives analysis decision maker in comparing alternatives across a range of metrics.A workshop was convened that included representatives from government, academia, business, and civil society and included experts in toxicology, decision science, alternatives assessment, engineering, and law and policy. Participants were divided into two groups and prompted with targeted questions. Throughout the workshop, the groups periodically came together in plenary sessions to reflect on other groups' findings.We conclude the further incorporation of decision science into alternatives analysis would advance the ability of companies and regulators to select alternatives to harmful ingredients, and would also advance the science of decision analysis.We advance four recommendations: (1) engaging the systematic development and evaluation of decision approaches and tools; (2) using case studies to advance the integration of decision analysis into alternatives analysis; (3) supporting transdisciplinary research; and (4) supporting education and outreach efforts

Hubungan Budaya Lokal dalam Pelayanan Pemerintahan di Kabupaten Tana Toraja

: This study aims to determine and describe the application of the local culture in Tana Toraja district in recent times, especially in the Integrated Licensing Services Office and determine the factors supporting and hindering the implementation of the local culture in the service of the Integrated Licensing Services Office in Tana Toraja district. Data collection methods used were observation, interviews and document study. Then analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that the concept of regional autonomy in the implementation does not guarantee the existence of local cultural values, specifically in this study is Tallu bakaa (kinaa, toothpick ', Barani). Application of local cultural values Tallu bakaa, can not be applied to the maximum because the value is not fully understood by the personnel. Not all the apparatus also understand kinaa, toothpick 'and Barani, therefore the authors concluded that the application was only partially implemented according to the known fundamental. Local cultural relations in pela-ministry of governance in particular local cultural values Tallu bakaa, very supportive if properly understood and applied these values

Gambaran Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Universitas Sam Ratulangi Asal Timika Papua Tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi

: Defines adolescents as individuals who are going through a transition period gradually achieve sexual maturity, life changes of children into adulthood and economic circumstances change from dependency to self-relative (Sarwono, 2006). Based on the projected population of Indonesia in 2000-2005, the number of adolescents aged 10-24 years about 63 million or 26.8% of the total Indonesian population where as many as 233 million of the mare students (BKKBN 2010). This study aims to reveal the knowledge a student from the University of Sam Ratulangi Manado of Timika on Reproductive Health. This research is a descriptive study with cross-sectional research methods. Sample of this research are 69 respondents. The results show that knowledge most of the respondent shave good knowledge about reproductive health (94.20%), good attitude about reproductive health (65.21%), and the action of good (65.21%). Based on the result above, Suggestions for the government or related organizations should establish rules with respect to the sexual behavior of students to improve the ethics, morality so that students are able to change the knowledge, attitude sand courses of action for the better

"Where the mask ends and the face begins is not certain": Mediating ethnicity and cheating geography in Jonny Steinberg's Little Liberia

Mixing historical commentary, reportage, biography and personal stories, South African writer Jonny Steinberg takes up the tale of a fractured African nation and its diaspora in Little Liberia: An African Odyssey in New York City (2011). The "little Liberia" founded in New York's urban jungle may have represented, for many of its inhabitants, a way to "cheat geography" by recreating a home away from home, but Little Liberia shows the reader it has not allowed them to cheat history. The book deals with the lives of two inhabitants of Park Hill Avenue on Staten Island, where nearly everyone is Liberian. Their conflict threatens to implode the community, igniting suspicions and accusations that had been bottled up since their exile. The article focuses on the interface of mediated ethnicity and citizenship related to the struggle for power in the diasporic Liberian community on Staten Island. Attention is also paid to feelings of identity of Little Liberia's author.DHE