マルチノードFPGAによるストリームデータ分散結合処理

本研究報告では，ストリームデータの結合処理を行うHandshake Join のFPGA アクセラレータをマルチノードに拡張する手法を提案し，その性能評価を報告する．マルチノード拡張は，データ通信の2 つの工夫によって実現する．FPGA 上に複数のJoin Core を実装すると共に，FPGA ボード上のDRAM を介してFPGA 間でJoin Coreを接続する仕組みを導入する．また，データ通信と結合演算をオーバラップすることで，通信に要するオーバヘッドを隠蔽する．これらのデータ配布方法の工夫により，単一のFPGA では実装できなかった大きなウインドウサイズの結合演算が可能となる．最大16 ノードでの性能評価の結果，マルチノードに拡張した場合においても，結合演算のスループットが維持されるとともに，並列化効果が得られることが確認された

ポップアップアーカイバルタグおよび超音波発信器で調べたエチゼンクラゲの遊泳深度

The swimming depths of 12 individual Nemopilema nomurai with bell diameters of 0.8-1.6 m were investigated using pop-up archival transmitting tags and ultrasonic pingers, and the validity of the research method was evaluated. The N. nomurai studied frequently showed vertical movement, with the swimming depth ranging from 0 to 176 m, The mean swimming depths of most individuals were less than 40 m. The swimming depths of N. nomurai in the northern Japan Sea in the winter were mostly deeper than those of this species in the southern Japan Sea in the autumn. This result suggests that the range of the depths almost depends on the vertical structure of the ocean. Swimming depths during the nighttime were significantly deeper than those during the daytime. More specifically, during the daytime, the swimming depths in the afternoon tended to be shallower than those in the morning, while during the nighttime, the swimming depths after midnight were deeper than those before midnight.エチゼンクラゲ計12個体の遊泳深度をポップアップタグや超音波発信器により調べるとともに，調査手法の妥当性を確認した。エチゼンクラゲは活発な鉛直移動を繰り返していた。遊泳深度は0～176m の範囲で，ほとんどの個体の平均遊泳深度は40m より浅かった。遊泳深度は秋の日本海南部よりも冬の日本海北部の方が深くなる傾向があり，基本的に滞在深度範囲は海洋の鉛直構造に依存していると推測された。遊泳深度は日中よりも夜間の方が深かった。日中には午前より午後の方が浅く，夜間には前半夜よりも後半夜の方が深くなる日周性が確認された

Attenuated Food Anticipatory Activity and Abnormal Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in Rgs16 Knockdown Mice

Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) are a multi-functional protein family, which functions in part as GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of G protein α-subunits to terminate G protein signaling. Previous studies have demonstrated that the Rgs16 transcripts exhibit robust circadian rhythms both in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master circadian light-entrainable oscillator (LEO) of the hypothalamus, and in the liver. To investigate the role of RGS16 in the circadian clock in vivo, we generated two independent transgenic mouse lines using lentiviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the Rgs16 mRNA. The knockdown mice demonstrated significantly shorter free-running period of locomotor activity rhythms and reduced total activity as compared to the wild-type siblings. In addition, when feeding was restricted during the daytime, food-entrainable oscillator (FEO)-driven elevated food-anticipatory activity (FAA) observed prior to the scheduled feeding time was significantly attenuated in the knockdown mice. Whereas the restricted feeding phase-advanced the rhythmic expression of the Per2 clock gene in liver and thalamus in the wild-type animals, the above phase shift was not observed in the knockdown mice. This is the first in vivo demonstration that a common regulator of G protein signaling is involved in the two separate, but interactive circadian timing systems, LEO and FEO. The present study also suggests that liver and/or thalamus regulate the food-entrained circadian behavior through G protein-mediated signal transduction pathway(s)

研究公正に関する自己記述式尺度における質問文の検討 : 尺度作成における議論を通して

京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科医学生命倫理学人文・社会科学教室京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科生物統計学教室京都府立医科大学大学院保健看護学研究科東京医科歯科大学臨床医学教育学開発分野新潟大学創生学部日本医科大学医療管理学京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科生命基礎数理学教室京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科医療フロンティア展開学九州大学病院ARO次世代医療センター群馬パース大学教養部AMED研究公正高度化モデル開発支援事業「学際的アプローチによる研究倫理教育のモデル評価プログラムの開発と検証」（瀬戸山班）では、研究活動に関する倫理的意思決定を測定する尺度を開発している。本論文では、この開発中の尺度の質問文に着目し、自己記述式尺度が抱える問題点を克服するため、質問文の作成において検討した内容や、この質問文のオリジナリティ、課題について述べる

研究活動における「隠れたカリキュラム」の可視化の試み : 重回帰分析による分析と考察

京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科医学生命倫理学人文・社会科学教室京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科生命基礎数理学教室京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科生物統計学教室京都府立医科大学大学院保健看護学研究科東京医科歯科大学臨床医学教育学開発分野新潟大学創生学部日本医科大学医療管理学京都府立医科大学大学院医学研究科医療フロンティア展開学九州大学病院ARO次世代医療センター群馬パース大学教養部本稿では，医学教育分野で注目されている「隠れたカリキュラム（hidden curriculum）」を，医学研究の倫理分野において倫理的意思決定やそれに影響を与える組織の環境に応用し，研究倫理に関する規範意識・行動様式を問う情意領域問題の測定尺度を作成したものを用いて，「あなたならばどう行動するか」と「あなたの周りの人ならばどう行動すると考えるか」についてそれぞれ質問を行い，その得点差を見ることで隠れたカリキュラムの影響を可視化することを試みた。その結果，全体及びすべてのカテゴリーにおいて「あなたならばどう行動するか」の得点が高いこと，属性との関連について調べたところ，一部のカテゴリーと性別，人に関わる研究の有無で有意な得点差がみられた

BAG6 deficiency induces mis‐distribution of mitochondrial clusters under depolarization

Accumulation of damaged mitochondria is implicated in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the machinery for mitochondrial quality control is important for the prevention of such diseases. It has been reported that Parkin‐ and p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)‐mediated clustering and subsequent elimination of damaged mitochondria (termed mitophagy) are critical for maintaining the quality of mitochondria under stress induced by uncoupling agents such as carbonyl cyanide m‐chlorophenyl hydrazone. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial translocation to the perinuclear region during mitophagy have not been adequately addressed to date. In this study, we found that BCL2‐associated athanogene 6 (BAG6; also known as BAT3 or Scythe) is required for this process. Indeed, RNA interference‐mediated depletion of endogenous BAG6 prevented Parkin‐dependent relocalization of mitochondrial clusters to the perinuclear cytoplasmic region, whereas BAG6 knockdown did not affect the translocation of Parkin and p62/SQSTM1 to the depolarized mitochondria and subsequent aggregation. These results suggest that BAG6 is essential for cytoplasmic redistribution, but not for clustering, of damaged mitochondria

Phosphorelay-Regulated Degradation of the Yeast Ssk1p Response Regulator by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a phosphorelay signal transduction pathway composed of Sln1p, Ypd1p, and Ssk1p, which are homologous to bacterial two-component signal transducers, is involved in the osmosensing mechanism. In response to high osmolarity, the phosphorelay system is inactivated and Ssk1p remains unphosphorylated. Unphosphorylated Ssk1p binds to and activates the Ssk2p mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase, which in turn activates the downstream components of the high-osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) MAP kinase cascade. Here, we report a novel inactivation mechanism for Ssk1p involving degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Degradation is regulated by the phosphotransfer from Ypd1p to Ssk1p, insofar as unphosphorylated Ssk1p is degraded more rapidly than phosphorylated Ssk1p. Ubc7p/Qri8p, an endoplasmic reticulum-associated ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, is involved in the phosphorelay-regulated degradation of Ssk1p. In ubc7Δ cells in which the degradation is hampered, the dephosphorylation and/or inactivation process of the Hog1p MAP kinase is delayed compared with wild-type cells after the hyperosmotic treatment. Our results indicate that unphosphorylated Ssk1p is selectively degraded by the Ubc7p-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome system and that this mechanism downregulates the HOG pathway after the completion of the osmotic adaptation

An economic evaluation for an autonomous independent network of distributed energy Resources

This paper proposes a method for the economic evaluation of an autonomous independent network of distributed energy resources. There are existing proposals for such networks; the system that we are proposing and analyzing in this study is called Microgrid. Microgrid is a new framework of power delivery system that is formed by small, modular generation systems connected to each other to create a small autonomous grid. This paper estimates the total costs to consumers in a Microgrid with optimized operation of distributed generators and energy storage systems. This estimation includes not only installation and operation costs but also the additional expenses to construct the Microgrid itself. In addition, power interruption costs are also taken into account to consider the reliability enhancement created by the Microgrid. The paper attempts to determine whether or not it is economical for consumers to form this kind of autonomous independent network