Atomic Motion in Single H2_{2} and D2_{2} Molecule Junction Induced by Phonon Excitation

We have investigated Au atomic contacts in H$_{2}$ and D$_{2}$ environment by conductance measurement and $dI/dV$ spectroscopy. A single H$_{2}$ or D$_{2}$ molecule was found to bridge Au electrodes. In the case of the Au/H$_{2}$/Au junction, symmetric peaks were observed in $dI/dV$ spectra, while they were not observed for the Au/D$_{2}$/Au junction. The shape of the peaks in $dI/dV$ spectra originated from the structural change of the single molecule junction induced by the phonon excitation. The structural change could occur only for the Au/H$_{2}$/Au junction. The difference in the two single molecule junctions could be explained by larger zero point energy of Au-H$_{2}$ vibration mode than that in the Au/H$_{2}$/Au junction.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be appear in Phys. Rev.

例文の効果的な利用に基づく英文法指導に関する研究 : 日本の高校生を対象に

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(教育学)Philosophy in Educationdoctora

Methyl 7-chloro-2-ethyl­sulfanyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-4H-thio­chromene-3-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C13H10ClFO3S2, the two-ring system is essentially planar, the mean plane of the benzene ring being inclined at 6.0 (2)° to the plane of the remaining four atoms. The ethyl­sulfanyl group is almost coplanar with the two rings [dihedral angle = 6.4 (2)°], while the carboxyl­ate group is almost perpendicular to it [dihedral angle = 72.4 (2)°]. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules in a stacked arrangement along the a axis

Ethyl 2-{[7-fluoro-4-oxo-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-4H-thio­chromen-2-yl]sulfan­yl}acetate

In the title compound, C15H12FN3O3S2, the two six-membered rings are essentially coplanar, their mean plnes making a dihedral angle of 1.1 (2)°. The carbonyl C, the two attached non-fused C atoms and the S atom deviate from the plane of the benzene ring by −0.046 (5), −0.017 (5), 0.000 (6), 0.026 (4) Å, respectively. The angle between the mean planes of the triazole ring and the sulfur heterocycle is 53.3 (1)°. In the crystal, inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules in a stacked arrangement along the a axis

2-Ethyl­sulfanyl-7-fluoro-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-4H-thio­chromen-4-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C13H10FN3OS2, contains two independent mol­ecules, which differ slightly in the relative orientations of the triazole and ethyl­sulfanyl groups with respect to the planar thio­chromen-4-one frameworks. The dihedral angles between the mean planes of the triazole groups and the corresponding six-membered C5OS rings are 56.8 (1) and 52.9 (1)°, while the S—C—S—C dihedral angles are −11.7 (2) and −16.3 (2)°. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules in a stacked arrangement along the a axis. A weak intramolecular C—H⋯·O interaction results in the formation of a non-planar five-membered ring

7-Fluoro-2-(prop-2-en-1-ylsulfan­yl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-4H-thio­chromen-4-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H10FN3OS2, contains two independent mol­ecules which differ in the relative orientations of the triazole and allyl­sulfanyl groups with respect to the planar thio­chromen-4-one frameworks. The N—N—C—C torsion angles are 128.2 (5) and −120.9 (5)°, while the C—S—C—S torsion angles are −17.4 (4) and 16.4 (4)°. In the crystal, inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules in a stacked arrangement along the a axis

Middle Latency Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Compared among Unilateral, Simultaneous Bilateral, Alternative Bilateral Median Nerve Stimulation

脳損傷32例を対象に,標記3種の正中神経刺激により生じた短期及び中期の潜時体性感覚誘発電位(SEP)を比較検討した.同時両側刺激により生じた短期SEP及び中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じたものよりも明瞭で,波形の再現性がよく,ピーク値の同定も容易であった.しかし,9例においては片側刺激では記録されなかった新たな損傷部位の幾つかのピーク値を両側同時刺激で認めた.これらのピーク値は,非損傷部位の片側刺激で記録されたN17,P20,N29,N32,P40,N60に類似していた.一方,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPをみると,右側刺激時の波形と左側刺激時の波形は類似しており,同じ様な記録と馴化を認めた.また,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じた二つの中期SEPにより作り出された波形とほとんど同一であった.両側の正中神経に対する刺激は,相互作用があっても誘発電位には変化を与えない.また,交替性両側刺激は脳損傷患者の中期SEPの記録に有用である脳損傷32例を対象に,標記3種の正中神経刺激により生じた短期及び中期の潜時体性感覚誘発電位(SEP)を比較検討した.同時両側刺激により生じた短期SEP及び中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じたものよりも明瞭で,波形の再現性がよく,ピーク値の同定も容易であった.しかし,9例においては片側刺激では記録されなかった新たな損傷部位の幾つかのピーク値を両側同時刺激で認めた.これらのピーク値は,非損傷部位の片側刺激で記録されたN17,P20,N29,N32,P40,N60に類似していた.一方,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPをみると,右側刺激時の波形と左側刺激時の波形は類似しており,同じ様な記録と馴化を認めた.また,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じた二つの中期SEPにより作り出された波形とほとんど同一であった.両側の正中神経に対する刺激は,相互作用があっても誘発電位には変化を与えない.また,交替性両側刺激は脳損傷患者の中期SEPの記録に有用である脳損傷32例を対象に,標記3種の正中神経刺激により生じた短期及び中期の潜時体性感覚誘発電位(SEP)を比較検討した.同時両側刺激により生じた短期SEP及び中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じたものよりも明瞭で,波形の再現性がよく,ピーク値の同定も容易であった.しかし,9例においては片側刺激では記録されなかった新たな損傷部位の幾つかのピーク値を両側同時刺激で認めた.これらのピーク値は,非損傷部位の片側刺激で記録されたN17,P20,N29,N32,P40,N60に類似していた.一方,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPをみると,右側刺激時の波形と左側刺激時の波形は類似しており,同じ様な記録と馴化を認めた.また,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じた二つの中期SEPにより作り出された波形とほとんど同一であった.両側の正中神経に対する刺激は,相互作用があっても誘発電位には変化を与えない.また,交替性両側刺激は脳損傷患者の中期SEPの記録に有用である脳損傷32例を対象に,標記3種の正中神経刺激により生じた短期及び中期の潜時体性感覚誘発電位(SEP)を比較検討した.同時両側刺激により生じた短期SEP及び中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じたものよりも明瞭で,波形の再現性がよく,ピーク値の同定も容易であった.しかし,9例においては片側刺激では記録されなかった新たな損傷部位の幾つかのピーク値を両側同時刺激で認めた.これらのピーク値は,非損傷部位の片側刺激で記録されたN17,P20,N29,N32,P40,N60に類似していた.一方,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPをみると,右側刺激時の波形と左側刺激時の波形は類似しており,同じ様な記録と馴化を認めた.また,交替性両側刺激で生じた中期SEPは,片側刺激で生じた二つの中期SEPにより作り出された波形とほとんど同一であった.両側の正中神経に対する刺激は,相互作用があっても誘発電位には変化を与えない.また,交替性両側刺激は脳損傷患者の中期SEPの記録に有用であ

Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Left Sphenoid Sinus: A Case Report in Light of the Literature

A 79-year-old Japanese woman presented with a rare case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the left sphenoid sinus with left nasal bleeding. She had previously had right radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma at the age of 64 years and brain and spinal cord infarction at 74 years. Endoscopic examination revealed no mass in the nasal cavity. CT and MRI revealed a tumor in the left sphenoid sinus. The size of the tumor increased gradually from 12 to 15 years after the radical nephrectomy. Complete resection with endoscopic surgery was performed without preoperative embolization. The tumor cells had clear cytoplasm and were arranged in a trabecular pattern lined by a layer of endothelial cells. These findings were identical to the pathological findings of the surgical specimen of the renal cell carcinoma from 15 years previous. A pathological diagnosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type (grade 1) was made. PET-CT demonstrated no metastasis. The patient’s condition was successfully managed with excision of the tumor, and she remains well with no evidence of recurrence and metastasis 36 months after treatment. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the sphenoid sinus is rare, but it might be considered in the differential diagnosis of masses in the paranasal sinus even long after initial treatment of renal cancer