5,291 research outputs found
Interval type‑2 fuzzy aggregation operator in decision making and its application
Type-2 fuzzy sets (T2FSs) can deal with higher modeling and uncertainties which exist in the real-world application, specifically
in the control systems. Particularly the climate changes are always uncertain and thus, the type-2 fuzzy controller is an
effective system to handle those situations. Polyhouse is a methodology used to cultivate the plants. It breaks the seasonal
hurdle of the formulation and it is also suitable for the conflictive climate conditions. Controlling and directing internal
parameters of the polyhouse play an essential role in the growth of the plant. Among those, humidity is an important element
when one deals with the growth of the plant in polyhouse. It affects the weather, as well as the global change of the climate
and hence, the inner climate of the polyhouse will be disturbed. In this paper, operational laws for triangular interval type-2
fuzzy numbers and derived triangular interval type-2 weighted geometric (TIT2WG) operator with their desired mathematical
properties using Dombi triangular norms. Also, humidity control is analyzed using interval type-2 fuzzy controller (IT2FC)
with the use of derived aggregation operator which is the aim of the paper. Further stability of the system has been analyzed
by applying four different defuzzification methods and the method is recommended which gives a better response
Learning and adaptation in speech production without a vocal tract
How is the complex audiomotor skill of speaking learned? To what extent does it depend on the specific characteristics of the vocal tract? Here, we developed a touchscreen-based speech synthesizer to examine learning of speech production independent of the vocal tract. Participants were trained to reproduce heard vowel targets by reaching to locations on the screen without visual feedback and receiving endpoint vowel sound auditory feedback that depended continuously on touch location. Participants demonstrated learning as evidenced by rapid increases in accuracy and consistency in the production of trained targets. This learning generalized to productions of novel vowel targets. Subsequent to learning, sensorimotor adaptation was observed in response to changes in the location-sound mapping. These findings suggest that participants learned adaptable sensorimotor maps allowing them to produce desired vowel sounds. These results have broad implications for understanding the acquisition of speech motor control.Published versio
Excitation of the GDR and the Compressional Isoscalar Dipole State by alpha scattering
The excitation of the isovector giant dipole resonance (GDR) by alpha
scattering is investigated as a method of probing the neutron excess in exotic
nuclei. DWBA calculations are presented for 28O and 70Ca and the interplay of
Coulomb and nuclear excitation is discussed. Since the magnitude of the Coulomb
excitation amplitude is strongly influenced by the Q-value, the neutron excess
plays an important role, as it tends to lower the energy of the GDR. The
excitation of the compressional isoscalar dipole state in 70Ca by alpha
scattering is also investigated. It is shown that the population of this latter
state may be an even more sensitive probe of the neutron skin than the
isovector GDR.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Latex2
Bacterial analysis on dentistry and the study of antibacterial activity using formulated herbal toothpaste
The current investigation dealt with studies on isolation and identification of oral biofilm forming bacteria and using formulated herbal toothpaste for inhibition. In this study, the bacterial populations were observed, and three were isolated from the used denture and different toothbrushes from various persons. From the collected oral samples, the streptococci, staphylococci, and bacilli were isolated and confirmed by biochemical tests. The increasing awareness of the environment and healthy lifestyles are generating some demand for more natural products such as those containing herbal extracts, so some of the indigenous medicinal plants were identified and formulated as herbal toothpaste; the efficiency of herbal toothpaste in inhibiting the growth of periodontal bacteria were evaluated. The bacterial inhibition rate and culture turbidity were observed in using herbal toothpaste against isolated pathogenic oral bacteria. Results were discussed
Evaluation of safe alternative wetting & drying and its influence on growth, yield and water use of the efficiency of rice (Orzya sativa l.)
Due to the increase in scarcity of freshwater resources available for irrigated agriculture and escalating demand for food around the world, in the future, it will be necessary to produce more food with less water. Due to inadequate or unevenly-distributed rainfall, irrigation is essential to high rice yields. A field experiment of Alternative Wetting and Drying Irrigation (AWDI) was conducted during kharif season 2014 & 2015 at Soil & Water Management Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. The treatments ranged from delayed irrigations of T1 to T6 (10, 15, 20 cm depletion of water level below the ground level, 15cm depletion of water up to maximum tillering, up to panicle initiation & up to 10 days prior to harvest) and continuous submergence (T7) of field irrigation water denoting the application of 5 cm flooded water condition, when the water level in the perforated PVC pipe fell at 10, 15 and 20 cm below ground level respectively. There was a significant (5% level) consequence of plant height, productive tillers, filled grains, yield and Water Use Efficiency (WUE) due to the influence of AWDI. The highest yield (5981 kg/ha) and WUE (7.56 kg/ha/mm) was recorded in treatment T1. Longer water stress resulted in the loss of grain yield to the tune of 500 to 1000 kg/ha. This study found that in sandy loam soil at 10cm depletion of ponded water produced maximum yield (5809 kg/ha, besides the highest B.C ratio of 2.02) and WUE (7.56 kg/ha mm)
Reflection confocal nanoscopy using a super-oscillatory lens
A Superoscillatory lens (SOL) is known to produce a sub-diffraction hotspot
which is useful for high-resolution imaging. However, high-energy rings called
sidelobes coexist with the central hotspot. Additionally, SOLs have not yet
been directly used to image reflective objects due to low efficiency and poor
imaging properties. We propose a novel reflection confocal nanoscope which
mitigates these issues by relaying the SOL intensity pattern onto the object
and use conventional optics for detection. We experimentally demonstrate
super-resolution by imaging double bars with 330 nm separation using a 632.8 nm
excitation and a 0.95 NA objective. We also discuss the enhanced contrast
properties of the SOL nanoscope against a laser confocal microscope, and the
degradation of performance while imaging large objects.Comment: 17 pages, 15 figures, supplementary include
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