Anthropogenic Pu distribution in Tropical East Pacific

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系The geographical distribution of the anthropogenic radionuclides 238Pu and 239+240Pu in the Tropical East Pacific in 2003 was studied from the viewpoint of material migration. We measured the contents of Pu isotopes in seawater and in sediment from the sea bottom. The distributions of Pu isotopes, together with those of coexisting nitrate and phosphate species and dissolved oxygen, are discussed in relation to the potential temperature and potential density (sigma-θ). The Pu contents in sediment samples were compared with those in the seawater. Horizontal migration across the Equator from north to south was investigated at depths down to ~800m in the eastern Pacific. The Pu distribution at 0-400m correlated well with the distribution of potential temperature. Maximum Pu levels were observed in the subsurface layer at 600-800m, corresponding to the depth where sigma-θ≈27.0. It is suggested that the Pu distribution depends on the structure of the water mass and the particular temperature and salinity. The water column/sediment column inventory ratio and the vertical distribution of Pu may reflect the efficiency of scavenging in the relevant water areas. © 2011 Elsevier B.V

A combination of routine laboratory findings and vital signs can predict survival of advanced cancer patients without physician evaluation: a fractional polynomial model

IntroductionThere have been no reports about predicting survival of patients with advanced cancer constructed entirely with objective variables. We aimed to develop a prognostic model based on laboratory findings and vital signs using a fractional polynomial (FP) model.MethodsA multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted at 58 specialist palliative care services in Japan from September 2012 to April 2014. Eligible patients were older than 20 years and had advanced cancer. We developed models for predicting 7-day, 14-day, 30-day, 56-day and 90-day survival by using the FP modelling method.ResultsData from 1039 patients were analysed to develop each prognostic model (Objective Prognostic Index for advanced cancer [OPI-AC]). All models included the heart rate, urea and albumin, while some models included the respiratory rate, creatinine, C-reactive protein, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase and platelet/lymphocyte ratio. The area under the curve was 0.77, 0.81, 0.90, 0.90 and 0.92 for the 7-day, 14-day, 30-day, 56-day and 90-day model, respectively. The accuracy of the OPI-AC predicting 30-day, 56-day and 90-day survival was significantly higher than that of the Palliative Prognostic Score or the Prognosis in Palliative Care Study model, which are based on a combination of symptoms and physician estimation.ConclusionWe developed highly accurate prognostic indexes for predicting the survival of patients with advanced cancer from objective variables alone, which may be useful for end-of-life management. The FP modelling method could be promising for developing other prognostic models in future research

Anthropogenic Pu distribution in Tropical East Pacific

The geographical distribution of the anthropogenic radionuclides 23

A case of complete atrioventricular block: The use of magnetic resonance imaging conditional pacemakers for diagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis

A 50-year-old man presented to the emergency department with repeated episodes of faintness and exertional dyspnea, and was found to have an atrioventricular (AV) block. Chest radiography and transthoracic echocardiography results were normal, without any evidence of heart failure, wall motion abnormalities, interventricular septum thinning, or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. A temporary pacemaker was implanted, followed by a permanent pacemaker. Chest computed tomography with contrast enhancement did not show abnormalities, including patent coronary arteries, lymph node adenopathy, and pulmonary abnormalities. Thus, an MRI conditional dual chamber pacemaker and leads were implanted. Six weeks following the implant, a cardiac MRI was performed to test for cardiac sarcoidosis. Although cine imaging showed normal left and right ventricular function, late gadolinium enhancement demonstrated multiple enhanced uptakes. Based on the results of the cardiac MRI, PET, and gallium scintigraphy, the most likely diagnosis was cardiac sarcoidosis. Although no abnormal findings were found on physical examination, blood work, chest radiography, and transthoracic echocardiogram, multiple regions of delayed enhancement were observed in the cardiac MRI. Thus, MRI conditional pacemakers are a useful tool for diagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis and early therapeutic intervention