The comparison of depression and anxiety between fertile and infertile couples: A meta-analysis study

Background: Depression and anxiety are the most common reaction in infertile couples. Several studies have been conducted to examine the psychiatric disorders among infertile and fertile couples. Objective: This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the depression and anxiety in fertile and infertile couples in various studies. Materials and Methods: The authors searched articles published in multiple databases including World Health Organization, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, Medline EMBASE and Persian databases including Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedx between 2005 and 2017. The main keywords used for searching the databases were: depression, anxiety, infertility, and fertility. Statistical analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis/2.0 software. Results: The authors found 42 related articles after searching the databases. 11 articles entered the meta-analysis after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, eight articles were chosen for the comparison of depression and anxiety, two published articles for the comparison of depression, and one published article to compare anxiety in fertile and infertile couples. The results of the heterogeneity test showed a significant heterogeneity among all articles that were analyzed in this meta-analysis in the field of depression and anxiety. The results showed that depression (p = 0.0001; Hedges’g= 1.21; 95% CI 0.63–1.78) and anxiety (p = 0.00001; Hedges’g = 0.63; 95% CI 0.54–0.73) were higher in infertile couples than fertile couples and that the possibility of a publication bias does not exist in this study. Conclusion: The analysis of articles used in this meta-analysis showed that depression and anxiety scores in infertile couples were higher than fertile couples. Key words: Depression, Anxiety, Infertility, Meta-analysis

Nutritional Factors Related to Colorectal Cancer in the Residents of Yazd City, Iran

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers accounting for about 10 percent of cancer-related mortalities. The present study was performed in order to investigate the relationship between nutritional factors and colorectal cancer risk in the population of Yazd, Iran. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 60 patients with colorectal cancer and 120 healthy individuals in Yazd city. Data were collected by using a researcher-made questionnaire and based on interviews with patients and controls. Data analysis was done through SPSS16 and using Chi-square test and Logistic regression. Results: The mean age of subjects in case and control groups was respectively 58.4 ± 16.4 and 58.3 ± 16.4 years. According to the results of logistic regression, high consumption of red meat, fried foods and low consumption of fruits were the significant predictors of colorectal cancer; so that consumption of red meat or fried food 4 times or more per week and consumption of 1 unit or less fruit per day increased the risk of colorectal cancer by 7.4, 17.8 and 8.3 times, respectively. Conclusion: Results showed that dietary factors such as consumption of fried foods and red meat and also inadequate consumption of fruit can act as risk factors for colorectal cancer. Therefore, adequate dietary planning should be considered for the prevention of colorectal cancer. Keywords: Colorectal cancer, nutrition, Yazd

Estimating the Prevalence and Trends of Obesity in Iran Populations from 2000 to 2011: A Meta-Analysis Study

Introduction: Obesity is a global epidemic that is increasing in middle and low income countries. Current study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and trend of obesity between 2000 - 2013. Methods: The study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The researchers searched in databases, including Web of science, Embase, Medline, WHO, Scopus and Persian databases, including Google scholar, SID, Magiran, and Iran Medex. Finally, 151 articles based on inclusion and exclution criteria included in this study. Results: In 2000-2013, the prevalence of obesity was 8.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.9%-9%) overall, 5.5% (95% CI, 5.1%-6.0%) among <18 years and 15.1% (95% CI, 13.8%-16.5%) among adult also the prevalence of overweight was 17.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.9%-19.1%) overall, 15.1% (95% CI, 13.5% - 17 %) among <18 years and 22.6% (95% CI, 19.5% - 26.1%) among adult. Conclusion: The results showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity have increased between 2000 to 2005 and 2006 to 2010; and from 2011 to 2013, this trend has decreased and the prevalence of obesity and overweight was greater in persons over 18 years than under 18 years in all three time

Assessing the risk factors before pregnancy of preterm births in Iran: a population-based case-control study

Abstract Background Preterm birth is a major cause of prenatal and postnatal mortality particularly in developing countries. This study investigated the maternal risk factors associated with the risk of preterm birth. Methods A population-based case-control study was conducted in several provinces of Iran on 2463 mothers referred to health care centers. Appropriate descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used to evaluate the association between maternal risk factors and the risk of preterm birth. All tests were two-sided, and P values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results The mean gestational age was 31.5 ± 4.03 vs. 38.8 ± 1.06 weeks in the case and control groups, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between preterm birth and mother’s age and ethnicity. Women of Balooch ethnicity and age ≥ 35 years were significantly more likely to develop preterm birth (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.01–-2.44 and OR: 9.72; 95% CI: 3.07–30.78, respectively). However, no statistically significant association was observed between preterm birth and mother’s place of residence, level of education, past history of cesarean section, and BMI. Conclusion Despite technological advances in the health care system, preterm birth still remains a major concern for health officials. Providing appropriate perinatal health care services as well as raising the awareness of pregnant women, especially for high-risk groups, can reduce the proportion of preventable preterm births