95 research outputs found
Copeptin is associated with mortality and outcome in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for a high mortality and morbidity. Early prediction of outcome is crucial for optimized care and treatment decision. Copeptin, the C-terminal part of provasopressin, has emerged as a new prognostic marker in a variety of diseases, but its prognostic value in ICH is unknown
f(R) theories
Over the past decade, f(R) theories have been extensively studied as one of
the simplest modifications to General Relativity. In this article we review
various applications of f(R) theories to cosmology and gravity - such as
inflation, dark energy, local gravity constraints, cosmological perturbations,
and spherically symmetric solutions in weak and strong gravitational
backgrounds. We present a number of ways to distinguish those theories from
General Relativity observationally and experimentally. We also discuss the
extension to other modified gravity theories such as Brans-Dicke theory and
Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and address models that can satisfy both cosmological and
local gravity constraints.Comment: 156 pages, 14 figures, Invited review article in Living Reviews in
Relativity, Published version, Comments are welcom
Minimal Length Scale Scenarios for Quantum Gravity
We review the question of whether the fundamental laws of nature limit our
ability to probe arbitrarily short distances. First, we examine what insights
can be gained from thought experiments for probes of shortest distances, and
summarize what can be learned from different approaches to a theory of quantum
gravity. Then we discuss some models that have been developed to implement a
minimal length scale in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. These
models have entered the literature as the generalized uncertainty principle or
the modified dispersion relation, and have allowed the study of the effects of
a minimal length scale in quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics,
thermodynamics, black-hole physics and cosmology. Finally, we touch upon the
question of ways to circumvent the manifestation of a minimal length scale in
short-distance physics.Comment: Published version available at
http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2013-
Medicinal plants in traumatic brain injury: Neuroprotective mechanisms revisited
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most prevalent health problem affecting all age groups, and leads to many secondary problems in other organs especially kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and heart function. In this review, the search terms were TBI, fluid percussion injury, cold injury, weight drop impact acceleration injury, lateral fluid percussion, cortical impact injury, and blast injury. Studies with Actaea racemosa, Artemisia annua, Aframomum melegueta, Carthamus tinctorius, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Crocus sativus, Cnidium monnieri, Curcuma longa, Gastrodia elata, Malva sylvestris, Da Chuanxiong Formula, Erigeron breviscapus, Panax ginseng, Salvia tomentosa, Satureja khuzistanica, Nigella sativa, Drynaria fortune, Dracaena cochinchinensis, Polygonum cuspidatum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rheum tanguticum, Centella asiatica, and Curcuma zedoaria show a significant decrease in neuronal injury by different mechanisms such as increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, suppressing nuclear factor kappa B (NFâÎșB), interleukin 1 (ILâ1), glial fibrillary acidic protein, and ILâ6 expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of medicinal plants in central nervous system pathologies by reviewing the available literature
Transcription, Epigenetics and Ameliorative Strategies in Huntingtonâs Disease: a Genome-Wide Perspective
Design and Optimization of a Fixed Bed Reactor for Direct Dimethyl Ether Production from Syngas Using Differential Evolution Algorithm
Effects of centerline curvature and cross-sectional shape transitioning in the subsonic diffuser of the F-5 fighter jet
Investigation of electroosmotically induced pressure gradient in rectangular capillaries
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