1,181 research outputs found
The relationship between andragogical and pedagogical orientation and the implications for adult learning
Current literature suggests that the relationship between andragogy and pedagogy is based on a continuum. This study found that the relationship of andragogical and pedagogical orientations, measured by the Students' Orientation Questionnaire, is more correctly represented as being orthogonal or at right angles to each other. Such an orthogonal relationship reflects the complexities involved in adult learning. This paper discusses the implications for both the learning process and for future research
Transnational reflections on transnational research projects on men, boys and gender relations
This article reflects on the research project, ‘Engaging South African and Finnish youth towards new traditions of non-violence, equality and social well-being’, funded by the Finnish and South African national research councils, in the context of wider debates on research, projects and transnational processes. The project is located within a broader analysis of research projects and projectization (the reduction of research to separate projects), and the increasing tendencies for research to be framed within and as projects, with their own specific temporal and organizational characteristics. This approach is developed further in terms of different understandings of research across borders: international, comparative, multinational and transnational. Special attention is given to differences between research projects that are in the Europe and the EU, and projects that are between the global North and the global South. The theoretical, political and practical challenges of the North-South research project are discussed
Progressive Star Bursts and High Velocities in the Infrared Luminous, Colliding Galaxy Arp 118
In this paper we demonstrate for the first time the connection between the
spatial and temporal progression of star formation and the changing locations
of the very dense regions in the gas of a massive disk galaxy (NGC 1144) in the
aftermath of its collision with a massive elliptical (NGC 1143). These two
galaxies form the combined object Arp 118, a collisional ring galaxy system.
The results of 3D, time-dependent, numerical simulations of the behavior of the
gas, stars, and dark matter of a disk galaxy and the stars and dark matter in
an elliptical during a collision are compared with multiwavelength observations
of Arp 118. The collision that took place approximately 22 Myr ago generated a
strong, non-linear density wave in the stars and gas in the disk of NGC 1144,
causing the gas to became clumped on a large scale. This wave produced a series
of superstarclusters along arcs and rings that emanate from the central point
of impact in the disk. The locations of these star forming regions match those
of the regions of increased gas density predicted the time sequence of models.
The models also predict the large velocity gradients observed across the disk
of NGC 1144. These are due to the rapid radial outflow of gas coupled to large
azimuthal velocities in the expanding ring, caused by the impact of the massive
intruder.Comment: 12 pages in document, and 8 figures (figures are separate from the
document's file); Submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letter
Chandra Observations of Extended X-ray Emission in Arp 220
We resolve the extended X-ray emission from the prototypical ultraluminous
infrared galaxy Arp 220. Extended, faint edge-brightened, soft X-ray lobes
outside the optical galaxy are observed to a distance of 10 to 15 kpc on each
side of the nuclear region. Bright plumes inside the optical isophotes coincide
with the optical line emission and extend 11 kpc from end to end across the
nucleus. The data for the plumes cannot be fit by a single temperature plasma,
and display a range of temperatures from 0.2 to 1 keV. The plumes emerge from
bright, diffuse circumnuclear emission in the inner 3 kpc centered on the
Halpha peak, which is displaced from the radio nuclei. There is a close
morphological correspondence between the Halpha and soft X-ray emission on all
spatial scales. We interpret the plumes as a starburst-driven superwind, and
discuss two interpretations of the emission from the lobes in the context of
simulations of the merger dynamics of Arp 220.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ; see also astro-ph/0208477 (Paper 1
Masculinity at work: The experiences of men in female dominated occupations
This paper presents the findings of a research project on the implications of men's non-traditional career choices for their experiences within the organization and for gender identity. The research is based on 40 in-depth interviews with male workers from four occupational groups: librarian-ship, cabin crew, nurses and primary school teachers. Results suggest a typology of male workers in female dominated occupations: seekers (who actively seek the career), finders (who find the occupation in the process of making general career decisions) and settlers (who settle into the career after periods of time in mainly male dominated occupations). Men benefit from their minority status through assumptions of enhanced leadership (the assumed authority effect), by being given differential treatment (the special consideration effect) and being associated with a more careerist attitude to work (the career effect). At the same time, they feel comfortable working with women (the zone of comfort effect). Despite this comfort, men adopt a variety of strategies to re-establish a masculinity that has been undermined by the 'feminine' nature of their work. These include re-labeling, status enhancement and distancing from the feminine. The dynamics of maintaining and reproducing masculinities within the non-traditional work setting are discussed in the light of recent theorising around gender, masculinity and work
Jekyll and Hyde: men's constructions of feminism and feminists
Research and commentary on men's responses to feminism has demonstrated the range of ways in which men have mobilised both against and for feminist principles. This paper argues that further analyses of men's responses require a sophisticated theory of discourse acknowledging the fragmented and contradictory nature of representation. A corpus of men's talk on feminism and feminists was studied to identify the pervasive patterns in men's accounting and regularities in rhetorical organisation. Material from two samples of men was included: a sample of white middle-class 17-18 year old school students and a sample of 60 interviews with a more diverse sample of older men aged 20 to 64. Two interpretative repertoires of feminism and feminists were identified. These set up a 'Jekyll and Hyde' binary and positioned feminism along with feminists very differently as reasonable versus extreme and monstrous. Both repertoires tended to be deployed together and the paper explores the ideological and interactional consequences of typical deployments along with the identity work accomplished by the men as they positioned themselves in relation to these
The Nature of the Radiative Hydrodynamic Instabilities in Radiatively Supported Thomson Atmospheres
Atmospheres having a significant radiative support are shown to be
intrinsically unstable at luminosities above a critical fraction Gamma_crit ~
0.5-0.85 of the Eddington limit, with the exact value depending on the boundary
conditions. Two different types of absolute radiation-hydrodynamic
instabilities of acoustic waves are found to take place even in the electron
scattering dominated limit. Both instabilities grow over dynamical time scales
and both operate on non radial modes. One is stationary and arises only after
the effects of the boundary conditions are taken into account, while the second
is a propagating wave and is insensitive to the boundary conditions. Although a
significant wind can be generated by these instabilities even below the
classical Eddington luminosity limit, quasi-stable configurations can exist
beyond the Eddington limit due to the generally reduced effective opacity.
The study is done using a rigorous numerical linear analysis of a gray plane
parallel atmosphere under the Eddington approximation. We also present more
simplified analytical explanations.Comment: 18 Pages, 7 figures, uses emulateapj5.sty, accepted to Ap
Stable radiation-controlling boundary conditions for the generalized harmonic Einstein equations
This paper is concerned with the initial-boundary value problem for the
Einstein equations in a first-order generalized harmonic formulation. We impose
boundary conditions that preserve the constraints and control the incoming
gravitational radiation by prescribing data for the incoming fields of the Weyl
tensor. High-frequency perturbations about any given spacetime (including a
shift vector with subluminal normal component) are analyzed using the
Fourier-Laplace technique. We show that the system is boundary-stable. In
addition, we develop a criterion that can be used to detect weak instabilities
with polynomial time dependence, and we show that our system does not suffer
from such instabilities. A numerical robust stability test supports our claim
that the initial-boundary value problem is most likely to be well-posed even if
nonzero initial and source data are included.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figures; more numerical results and references added,
several minor amendments; version accepted for publication in Class. Quantum
Gra
Independent Set Reconfiguration in Cographs
We study the following independent set reconfiguration problem, called
TAR-Reachability: given two independent sets and of a graph , both
of size at least , is it possible to transform into by adding and
removing vertices one-by-one, while maintaining an independent set of size at
least throughout? This problem is known to be PSPACE-hard in general. For
the case that is a cograph (i.e. -free graph) on vertices, we show
that it can be solved in time , and that the length of a shortest
reconfiguration sequence from to is bounded by , if such a
sequence exists.
More generally, we show that if is a graph class for which (i)
TAR-Reachability can be solved efficiently, (ii) maximum independent sets can
be computed efficiently, and which satisfies a certain additional property,
then the problem can be solved efficiently for any graph that can be obtained
from a collection of graphs in using disjoint union and complete join
operations. Chordal graphs are given as an example of such a class
North-South dialogues: reflecting on working transnationally with young men, masculinities and gender justice
Dialoguing across national borders and specifically global North-South centres and
margins has increasingly been viewed as a way to enhance critical and feminist studies
and engagement with men and masculinities. This article draws on narratives
generated by a group of researchers in South Africa and Finland who have been
engaged in a transnational research project that included a strong focus on young men,
masculinities and gender and sexual justice. The piece provides an account of the
nuanced and complex experiences and dynamics involved in transnational research
collaboration, particularly within the framework on historical and continued inequalities
between the global North and South. While obvious benefits are raised, this
experience also foregrounds a range of challenges and constraints involved in
transnational research collaboration within this field and possibly many others. Key
learnings gleaned from this analysis of reported experiences and thoughts include the
importance of careful, considered and critical reflexivity at all moments and at all
levels, both in interpersonal and intergroup relations, as well as in public representation
of collaborative work
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