The innovative component of the system of economic security of Ukrainian transportation industry enterprises

Рассматривается необходимость активизации инновационной деятельности в транспортной отрасли. Исследуются возможности кластерной концепции в формировании системы экономической безопасности предприятий транспортного комплекса за счет активизации инновационного развития

РІВЕНЬ ІНТОКСИКАЦІЇ ТА ДИСБІОЗУ КИШЕЧНИКА У ХВОРИХ НА РАК МОЛОЧНОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ НА ФОНІ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ХІМІОТЕРАПІЇ

У статті досліджено рівень ендогенної інтоксикації за допомогою розрахункових методів та встановлено рівень кишкового дисбіозу за допомогою бактеріологічного обстеження калу у хворих на рак молочної залози під час проведення хіміотерапії. У пацієнтів із раком молочної залози виявлено наявність інтоксикаційного синдрому та встановлено залежність ступеня його вираження від стадії пухлинного процесу. В переважної більшості хворих на рак молочної залози (97,1 %) після хіміотерапії виникають глибокі дисбіотичні порушення мікрофлори товстої кишки

Modern Air-Conditioning Systems without Wiring Duct

The calculation involved in the design of integrated heat-hydraulic air-conditioning system in which air is supplied through the raised floor was presented. Calculations were made using the premises of an office building in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Raised floor in the current study was presented in the form of a channel with a concrete wall on one side and chipboard -on the other. It has been successfully established that the loss of pressure during air movement in the raised floor space is minimal, this was suggested as a result of the possible uniformity in air supply to the air distributors. It was also demonstrated that due to transmission losses through the walls of the raised floor, the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system was significantly reduced (up to 15%). Following the results obtained, conclusions were drawn about the main features of such systems. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Modeling of temperature fields in residential spaces when installing various heating devices

The study explores the effects of modeling of temperature fields in a living room with various heating devices: cast-iron sectional radiator, steel panel radiator, and convector. Emphasis was on comparing the temperature fields obtained by numerical simulation when installing a supply ventilation valve in the outer wall of the room and the heating devices were ranked based on their performances. © 2023 Author(s)

Catalytic sulfation of betulin with sulfamic acid : experiment and DFT calculation

Betulin is an important triterpenoid substance isolated from birch bark, which, together with its sulfates, exhibits important bioactive properties. We report on a newly developed method of betulin sulfation with sulfamic acid in pyridine in the presence of an Amberlyst(®)15 solid acid catalyst. It has been shown that this catalyst remains stable when being repeatedly (up to four cycles) used and ensures obtaining of sulfated betulin with a sulfur content of ~10%. The introduction of the sulfate group into the betulin molecule has been proven by Fourier-transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra contain absorption bands at 1249 and 835–841 cm(−1); in the UV spectra, the peak intensity decreases; and, in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, of betulin disulfate, carbons С3 and С28 are completely shifted to the weak-field region (to 88.21 and 67.32 ppm, respectively) with respect to betulin. Using the potentiometric titration method, the product of acidity constants K(1) and K(2) of a solution of the betulin disulfate H(+) form has been found to be 3.86 × 10(–6) ± 0.004. It has been demonstrated by the thermal analysis that betulin and the betulin disulfate sodium salt are stable at temperatures of up to 240 and 220 °C, respectively. The density functional theory method has been used to obtain data on the most stable conformations, molecular electrostatic potential, frontier molecular orbitals, and mulliken atomic charges of betulin and betulin disulfate and to calculate the spectral characteristics of initial and sulfated betulin, which agree well with the experimental data

Optimisation of Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica) Galactoglucomannan Sulfation Process with Sulfamic Acid in DMSO

Изучено влияние температуры, продолжительности процесса сульфатирования галактоглюкоманнана древесины лиственницы и количества сульфатирующего комплекса на содержание серы (мас.%) в сульфатах галактоглюкоманнана при сульфатировании сульфаминовой кислотой в ДМСО в присутствии мочевины. Путем математической оптимизации по плану Бокса-Бенкена установлены условия сульфатирования, позволяющие достичь высокого содержания серы в сульфатах галактоглюкоманнана. Оптимальными условиями сульфатирования галактоглюкоманнана древесины лиственницы являются температура 89,5 °C, продолжительность 2,3 часа, количество сульфатирующего комплекса на 1 г галактоглюкоманнана 55,4 ммоль. Высокое качество аппроксимации доказано высоким значением R 2 adj = 92,9 %, а также значениями P<0,0019 (с допустимым диапазоном значений 0,05). Введение сульфатной группы в молекулу галактоглюкоманнана подтверждено методами ИК‑спектроскопии и элементного анализаThe influence of temperature, duration of the process of sulfation of larch wood galactoglucomannan, and the amount of the sulfating complex on the sulfur content (wt %) in galactoglucomannan sulfates during sulfation with sulfamic acid in DMSO in the presence of urea was studied. By mathematical optimization according to the Box-Behnken plan, sulfation conditions were established to achieve a high sulfur content in galactoglucomannan sulfates. The optimal conditions for sulfation of larch wood galactoglucomannan are temperature 89.5 °C, duration 2.3 hours, amount of sulfating complex per 1 g galactoglucomannan 55.4 mmol. The high quality of the approximation is proved by the high value of R 2adj = 92.9 %, as well as by the values P<0.0019 (with an allowable range of 0.05). The introduction of a sulfate group into the galactoglucomannan molecule was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysi

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

Microfibrillated Cellulose with a Lower Degree of Polymerization; Synthesis via Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis under Ultrasonic Treatment

A new approach is being considered for obtaining microfibrillated cellulose with a low degree of polymerization by sulfuric acid hydrolysis with simultaneous ultrasonic treatment under mild conditions (temperature 25 &deg;C, 80% power control). Samples of initial cellulose, MCC, and MFC were characterized by FTIR, XRF, SEM, DLS, and TGA. It was found that a high yield of MFC (86.4 wt.%) and a low SP (94) are observed during hydrolysis with ultrasonic treatment for 90 min. It was shown that the resulting microfibrillated cellulose retains the structure of cellulose I and has an IC of 0.74. It was found that MFC particles are a network of fibrils with an average size of 91.2 nm. &zeta;-potential of an aqueous suspension of MFC equal to &minus;23.3 mV indicates its high stability. It is noted that MFC has high thermal stability, the maximum decomposition temperature is 333.9 &deg;C. Simultaneous hydrolysis process with ultrasonic treatment to isolate MFC from cellulose obtained by oxidative delignification of spruce wood allows to reduce the number of stages, reduce energy costs, and expand the scope

Echokardiographische Quantifizierung der linksventrikulären Kontraktilität und der transvalvulären Flussprofile der Herzklappen während halbliegender Fahrradergometrie in einer gesunden pädiatrischen Population:Erstellung von Referenzwerten

Die Stress-Echokardiographie ermöglicht die Detektion myokardialer und valvulärer Dysfunktionen, die unter Ruhebedingungen maskiert sind. Wir quantifizierten bei 153 gesunden Kindern (82 weiblich, 13.1±2.25 Jahre) die Ejektions- (EF%) und Verkürzungsfraktion (FS%), die Faserverkürzungsgeschwindigkeit (Vcf) und den meridionale Wandstress (ESWSm), sowie die maximale (PFV) und mittlere Flussgeschwindigkeit (MFV), die Ejektions- (ET), Akzelerations- (AT) und Dezelerationszeit (DT) an der Aorten- (AK), Mitral- (MK) und Pulmonalklappe (PK) unter fahrrad-ergometrischer Belastung (ExT). Dabei nahm die Kontraktilität (EF, FS, Vcf) proportional zur ExT zu (p0.05). PFV war in Ruhe: AK>MK>PK, und stieg unter maximaler ExT an allen Herzklappen gleichermaßen um ca. 60% vs. Ruhewert an. Die vorliegenden Daten eignen sich als Referenzwerte zur Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle myokardialer und valvulärer Dysfunktion bei Kindern