1,214 research outputs found
Spin Screening and Antiscreening in a Ferromagnet/Superconductor Heterojunction
We present a theoretical study of spin screening effects in a
ferromagnet/superconductor (F/S) heterojunction. It is shown that the magnetic
moment of the ferromagnet is screened or antiscreened, depending on the
polarization of the electrons at the Fermi level. If the polarization is
determined by the electrons of the majority (minority) spin band then the
magnetic moment of the ferromagnet is screened (antiscreened) by the electrons
in the superconductor. We propose experiments that may confirm our theory: for
ferromagnetic alloys with certain concentration of Fe or Ni ions there will be
screening or antiscreening respectively. Different configurations for the
density of states are also discussed.Comment: 5 pages; 4 figures. to be published in Phys. Rev,
Waiting and Residence Times of Brownian Interface Fluctuations
We report on the residence times of capillary waves above a given height
and on the typical waiting time in between such fluctuations. The measurements
were made on phase separated colloid-polymer systems by laser scanning confocal
microscopy. Due to the Brownian character of the process, the stochastics vary
with the chosen measurement interval . In experiments, the discrete
scanning times are a practical cutoff and we are able to measure the waiting
time as a function of this cutoff. The measurement interval dependence of the
observed waiting and residence times turns out to be solely determined by the
time dependent height-height correlation function . We find excellent
agreement with the theory presented here along with the experiments.Comment: 5 figure
Critical temperature of superconductor/ferromagnet bilayers
Superconductor/ferromagnet bilayers are known to exhibit nontrivial
dependence of the critical temperature T_c on the thickness d_f of the
ferromagnetic layer. We develop a general method for investigation of T_c as a
function of the bilayer's parameters. It is shown that interference of
quasiparticles makes T_c(d_f) a nonmonotonic function. The results are in good
agreement with experiment. Our method also applies to multilayered structures.Comment: 4 pages, 2 EPS figures; the style file jetpl.cls is included. Version
2: typos correcte
Renormalizing the Schwinger-Dyson equations in the auxiliary field formulation of field theory
In this paper we study the renormalization of the Schwinger-Dyson equations
that arise in the auxiliary field formulation of the O(N) field
theory. The auxiliary field formulation allows a simple interpretation of the
large-N expansion as a loop expansion of the generating functional in the
auxiliary field , once the effective action is obtained by integrating
over the fields. Our all orders result is then used to obtain finite
renormalized Schwinger-Dyson equations based on truncation expansions which
utilize the two-particle irreducible (2-PI) generating function formalism. We
first do an all orders renormalization of the two- and three-point function
equations in the vacuum sector. This result is then used to obtain explicitly
finite and renormalization constant independent self-consistent S-D equations
valid to order~1/N, in both 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. We compare the results for
the real and imaginary parts of the renormalized Green's functions with the
related \emph{sunset} approximation to the 2-PI equations discussed by Van Hees
and Knoll, and comment on the importance of the Landau pole effect.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figure
An oil pipeline design problem
Copyright @ 2003 INFORMSWe consider a given set of offshore platforms and onshore wells producing known (or estimated) amounts of oil to be connected to a port. Connections may take place directly between platforms, well sites, and the port, or may go through connection points at given locations. The configuration of the network and sizes of pipes used must be chosen to minimize construction costs. This problem is expressed as a mixed-integer program, and solved both heuristically by Tabu Search and Variable Neighborhood Search methods and exactly by a branch-and-bound method. Two new types of valid inequalities are introduced. Tests are made with data from the South Gabon oil field and randomly generated problems.The work of the first author was supported by NSERC grant #OGP205041. The work of the second author was supported by FCAR (Fonds pour la Formation des Chercheurs et lâAide Ă la Recherche) grant #95-ER-1048, and NSERC grant #GP0105574
Pseudogap in the Optical Spectra of UPd_2Al_3
The in-plane optical conductivity of UPd_2Al_3 was measured at temperatures
K in the spectral range from 1 cm^{-1} to 40 cm^{-1} (0.14
meV to 5 meV). As the temperature decreases below 25 K a well pronounced
pseudogap of 0.2 meV develops in the optical response. In addition we observe a
narrow conductivity peak at zero frequency which at 2 K is less than 1 cm^{-1}
wide but which contains only a fraction of the delocalized carriers. The gap in
the electronic excitations might be an inherent feature of the heavy fermioin
ground state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures (submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.
Degenerate distributions in complex Langevin dynamics: one-dimensional QCD at finite chemical potential
We demonstrate analytically that complex Langevin dynamics can solve the sign
problem in one-dimensional QCD in the thermodynamic limit. In particular, it is
shown that the contributions from the complex and highly oscillating spectral
density of the Dirac operator to the chiral condensate are taken into account
correctly. We find an infinite number of classical fixed points of the Langevin
flow in the thermodynamic limit. The correct solution originates from a
continuum of degenerate distributions in the complexified space.Comment: 20 pages, several eps figures, minor comments added, to appear in
JHE
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