Hibridizando o modelo Teaching Games for Understanding e Aprendizagem Cooperativa: uma inovação educacional

Resumen: ntroducción: las hibridaciones de modelos pedagógicos han demostrado ser efectivas para la consecución de unos objetivos determinados en el ámbito educativo, potenciando los beneficios y superando las limitaciones de cada uno de ellos. Objetivos: la propuesta educativa que se presenta se basa en el diseño y aplicación de una hibridación de dos modelos consolidados en la educación física actual: el Teaching Games for Understanding y el Aprendizaje Cooperativo. Métodos: La aplicación se llevó a cabo en educación primaria (6-9 años), mediante una unidad didáctica de 10 sesiones de deportes de cancha dividida (cinco sesiones) y deportes de invasión (cinco sesiones), ambos implementados bajo la visión del modelo horizontal. La hibridación se aplicó a través de diferentes juegos reducidos aplicados de forma alterna durante las sesiones utilizando, para ello, una variante cooperativa mediante la técnica resultado colectivo, propuesta por el Aprendizaje Cooperativo. Resultados y conclusiones: Con este tipo de diseño se facilitará la comprensión táctica deportiva a través del trabajo entre iguales mediante juegos reducidos, evitando la competición que intrínsicamente posee el deporte, y potenciando el trabajo en equipo mediante técnicas cooperativas.Abstract: Introduction: Pedagogical model hybridizations have demonstrated to be effective in the achievement of some academic goals, enhancing the benefits and overcoming the limitations of each pedagogical model. Aim: this educational proposal is based on the design and application of a hybridization of two consolidated pedagogical models in the actual physical education: Teaching Games for Understanding approach and Cooperative Learning. Methods: The application was carried out on primary education (6-9 years), through a 10-long unit with the tactical-technical principles of divided court sports (five lessons) and invasion games (five lessons), both of them implemented under the lens of the horizontal model. The hybridization was implemented through different small-sided games that were applied alternately during lessons using one cooperative variant, the “group result”, proposed by the Cooperative Learning. Results & conclusions: This kind of design will help students’ development of sport tactical awareness through peer-work using small-sided games, avoiding the intrinsic sport competition and enhancing the group work via cooperative technics.Resumo: Introdução: As combinações de modelos pedagógicos provaram ser eficazes na consecução de determinados objetivos no campo educacional, potencializando os benefícios e superando as limitações de cada um deles. Objectivos: A proposta educativa apresentada baseia-se na concepção e aplicação de uma combinação de dois modelos consolidados na Educação Física atual: Teaching Games for Understanding e Aprendizagem Cooperativa. Métodos: A aplicação foi realizada no ensino fundamental (6-9 anos), por meio de uma unidade didática de 10 sessões de esportes judiciais divididos (cinco sessões) e esportes de invasão (cinco sessões), ambos implementados sob a visão do modelo horizontal. A combinação foi aplicada por meio de diferentes jogos reduzidos aplicados alternadamente durante as sessões utilizando, para isso, uma variante cooperativa utilizando a técnica de resultado coletivo, proposta pela Aprendizagem Cooperativa. Resultados e conclusões: Este tipo de projeto facilitará a compreensão tática dos esportes por meio do trabalho entre pares utilizando dos jogos reduzidos, eviando a competição que possui intrinseca ao esporte e potencializando o trabalho em equipe com as técnicas cooperativa

Declining Population Sizes and Loss of Genetic Diversity in Commercial Fishes: A Simple Method for a First Diagnostic

Exploited fish species may have or are experiencing declines in population sizes coupled with changes in their environmental conditions owing to global change. Declining populations might lead to a decrease in genetic diversity, which in turn may produce losses of adaptive potential to face current and future environmental changes. Thus, this study aims to answer a simple, even naive question, given the complexity of the subject: Could we use a simple method to obtain information on the loss of genetic diversity in exploited fish species? We investigated the use of the levels of genetic diversity in the widely used genetic marker Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene. Estimates of genetic diversity in COI were obtained for populations of seven fish species with different commercial importance from the East China Sea. These estimates were contrasted against large datasets of genetic diversity in COI for fish species (East-Asian N=118, and worldwide N=1425), and six control species with known biology and history. We found that estimates of genetic diversity in COI match the expectations from theoretical predictions and known declines by fishing pressures. Thus, the answer to our question is affirmative and we conclude that estimates of genetic diversity in COI provide an effective first diagnostic of the conservation status of exploited fish species.En prens

Sistema de control y monitoreo de bebés basados en open source

El nacimiento de un nuevo miembro en la familia, requiere de cuidado y atención especial por parte de los padres y familiares, quienes se apoyan en los avances tecnológicos, para reducir el problema, logrando crear entornos controlados en la habitación del bebé, que garantice el bienestar del niño(a) en el seno del hogar. Sin embargo, las soluciones presentes en el medio, poseen limitaciones, lo que le ha   permitido a este trabajo, plantearse como objetivo, desarrollar un sistema, basado en open source, que pueda controlar y monitorear a un bebé en su habitación. Los métodos empleados, consideran la estructuración de una lí­nea base, a partir de los métodos tradicionales, para determinar los elementos teóricos intervinientes en la investigación, además, se pusieron a prueba los conocimientos y habilidades en el campo de la electrónica y la programación. La validación del trabajo, fue sometió a Juicio de Expertos. Como resultado, se implementó un sistema basado en hardware y software libre, siendo el nivel de hardware, compuesto por la integración de una placa ARDUINO UNO, una mini computadora RASPBERRY PI y algunos dispositivos adicionales como; cámaras, sensores de gases, movimiento y otros elementos de electrónica. A nivel de software, se aplicó la metodologí­a de desarrollo Extreme Programming XP,   para crear las interfaces de control, que permitan monitorear al bebé. Con esto, se espera contribuir al cuidado de los niños(as), por medios tecnológicos, dejando abierta la posibilidad de incrementar el número de sensores, dispositivos y demás funcionalidades, que puedan robustecer al proyecto

Synthesis of Nitrogenated Heterocycles by Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of N-(tert-Butylsulfinyl)haloimines

Highly optically enriched, protected, nitrogenated heterocycles with different ring sizes have been synthesized by a very efficient methodology consisting of the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of N-(tert-butylsulfinyl)haloimines followed by treatment with a base to promote an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution process. N-Protected aziridines, pyrrolidines, piperidines, and azepanes bearing aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic substituents have been obtained in very high yields and diastereomeric ratios up to >99:1. The free heterocycles can be easily obtained by a simple and mild desulfinylation procedure. Both enantiomers of the free heterocycles can be prepared with the same good results by changing the absolute configuration of the sulfur atom of the sulfinyl group.This work was generously supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN; grant no. CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010, CSD2007-00006, CTQ2007-65218 and CTQ2011-24151) and the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2009/039 and FEDER). O.P. thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Educación for a predoctoral fellowship (grant no. AP-2008-00989)

Tissue remodelling and increased DNA damage in patients with incompetent valves in chronic venous insufficiency

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), in which blood return to the heart is impaired, is a prevalent condition worldwide. Valve incompetence is a complication of CVI that results in blood reflux, thereby aggravating venous hypertension. While CVI has a complex course and is known to produce alterations in the vein wall, the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the presence of DNA damage, pro-inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix remodelling in CVI-related valve incompetence. One hundred and ten patients with CVI were reviewed and divided into four groups according to age (<50 and ≥50 years) and a clinical diagnosis of venous reflux indicating venous system valve incompetence (R) (n = 81) or no reflux (NR) (n = 29). In vein specimens (greater saphenous vein) from each group, PARP, IL-17, COL-I, COL-III, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression levels were determined by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The younger patients with valve incompetence showed significantly higher PARP, IL-17, COL-I, COL-III, MMP-2 and reduced TIMP-2 expression levels and a higher COL-I/III ratio. Young CVI patients with venous reflux suffer chronic DNA damage, with consequences at both the local tissue and systemic levels, possibly associated with ageing.This study (FIS-PI18/00912) was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Plan Estatal de I + D+i 2013-2016) and co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” (ERDF) and B2017/BMD-3804 MITIC-CM

On the isometry group of RCD∗(K,N)-spaces

This is a post-peer-review pre-copyedit version of an article published in Manuscripta Mathematica. The final authentical version is avaible online https://doi.org/10.1007/s00229-018-1010-7We prove that the group of isometries of a metric measure space that satisfies the Riemannian curvature condition,RCD∗(K,N),is a Lie group. We obtain an optimal upper bound on the dimension of this group, and classify the spaces where this maximal dimension is attained.L. Guijarro and J. Santos-Rodríguez were supported by research grants MTM2014-57769-3-P, and MTM2017-85934-C3-2-P (MINECO) and ICMAT Severo Ochoa Project SEV-2015-0554 (MINECO). J. Santos-Rodríguez was supported by a PhD scholarship awarded byCONACY

A catalog of warps in spiral and lenticular galaxies in the Southern hemisphere

A catalog of optical warps of galaxies is presented. This can be considered complementary to that reported by Sanchez-Saavedra et al., with 42 galaxies in the northern hemisphere, and to that by Reshetnikov & Combes, with 60 optical warps. The limits of the present catalog are: logr25 > 0.60, B_{t} < 14.5, delta(2000) < 0, -2.5 < t < 7. Therefore, lenticular galaxies have also been considered. This catalog lists 150 warped galaxies out of a sample of 276 edge-on galaxies and covers the whole southern hemisphere, except the Avoidance Zone. It is therefore very suitable for statistical studies of warps. It also provides a source guide for detailed particular observations. We confirm the large frequency of warped spirals: nearly all galaxies are warped. The frequency and warp angle do not present important differences for the different types of spirals. However, no lenticular warped galaxy has been found within the specified limits. This finding constitutes an important restriction for theoretical models.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Atypical carcinoid tumours of the lung: prognostic factors and patterns of recurrence

Background: Atypical carcinoids (AC) of the lung are rare intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms. Prognostic factors for these tumours are undefined. Methods: Our cooperative group retrieved data on 127 patients operated between 1980 and 2009 because of an AC. Several clinical and pathological features were studied. Results: In a univariable analysis, T-status (p=0.005), N-status (p=0.021), preoperative M-status (previously treated) (p=0.04), and distant recurrence developed during the outcome (p<0.001) presented statistically significant differences related to survival of these patients. In a multivariable analysis, only distant recurrence was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for survival (p<0.001; HR: 13.1). During the monitoring, 25.2% of the patients presented some kind of recurrence. When we studied recurrence factors in a univariable manner, sublobar resections presented significant relationship with locoregional recurrence (p<0.001). In the case of distant recurrence, T and N status presented significant differences. Patients with preoperative M1 status presented higher frequencies of locoregional and distant recurrence (p=0.004 and p<0.001, respectively). In a multivariable analysis, sublobar resection was an independent prognostic factor to predict locoregional recurrence (p=0.002; HR: 18.1). Conclusions: Complete standard surgical resection with radical lymphadenectomy is essential for AC. Sublobar resections are related to locoregional recurrence, so they should be avoided except for carefully selected patients. Nodal status is an important prognostic factor to predict survival and recurrence. Distant recurrence is related to poor outcome

Uncovering the MIR emission of quiescent galaxies with JWSTJWST

We present a study of the mid-IR (MIR) emission of quiescent galaxies (QGs) beyond the local universe. Using deep $JWST$ imaging in the SMACS-0723 cluster field we identify a mass limited ($M_{*} >10^{9}$M$_{\odot}$) sample of intermediate redshift QGs ($0.2<z<0.7$) and perform modeling of their rest-frame UV to MIR photometry. We find that QGs exhibit a range of MIR spectra that are composed of a stellar continuum and a dust component that is 1-2 orders of magnitude fainter to that of star-forming galaxies. The observed scatter in the MIR spectra, especially at $\lambda_{\rm rest} > 5 \mu$m, can be attributed to different dust continuum levels and/or the presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) features. The latter would indicate enhanced 11.3- and 12.7 $\mu$m PAHs strengths with respect to those at 6.2- and 7.7$\mu$m, consistent with the observed spectra of local ellipticals and indicative of soft radiation fields. Finally, we augment the average UV-to-MIR spectrum of the population with cold dust and gas emission in the far-IR/mm and construct a panchromatic UV-to-radio SED that can serve as a template for the future exploration of the interstellar medium of $z>0$ QGs with ALMA and $JWST$.Comment: The panchromatic QG SED has been made publicly available at http://www.georgiosmagdis.com/softwar

Synthesis of γ-, δ-, and ε-Lactams by Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of N-(tert-Butylsulfinyl)iminoesters

Highly enantiomerically enriched γ- and δ-lactams have been prepared by a simple and very efficient procedure that involves the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of N-(tert-butylsulfinyl)iminoesters followed by desulfinylation of the nitrogen atom and spontaneous cyclization to the desired lactams during the basic workup procedure. Five- and six-membered ring lactams bearing aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic substituents have been obtained in very high yields and ee’s up to >99%. A slight modification of the procedure also allowed the preparation of ε-lactams in good yields and very high enantioselectivities. Both enantiomers of the final lactams could be prepared with equal efficiency by changing the absolute configuration of the sulfinyl chiral auxiliary