5 research outputs found
Π‘Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
The article presents the main results of a three-year research on the use of a seeder with openers for different depths of grain sowing and mineral fertilizers application.Research purpose To compare SKP-2.1 seeder equipped with experimental openers and the serially produced one and to determine the yield and quality indicators of spring soft wheat grain, depending on the sowing method and the rate of nitrogen mineral fertilizers application.Materials and methods A comparative field agrotechnical experiment was carried out to compare the indicators of field germination, yield by variants and the quality of grain obtained in different variants of the experiment. The experiment was carried out on Omskaya-36 soft spring wheat. The sowing performed by SKP-2.1 serially produced seeder-cultivator was taken as control. The experimental plots were sown with the same seeder but equipped with combined coulters, which are lancet paws that ensure the placement of granular mineral fertilizers and seeds in soil horizons of different depths.Results and discussion According to the three-year research, the maximum economic effect was obtained at the rate of ammonium nitrate application of 150 kg/ha. As a result, the yield increased by 0.44 t/ha, the cost of additional production accounted for 6740 rub/ha. A slight decrease in the economic effect was revealed with an increase in the rate of fertilizer application. It was determined that the maximum yield and the best grain quality characteristics both in the control sowing options and in the experimental ones were obtained with the application of ammonium nitrate a rate of 150 and 200 kg/ha.Conclusions It was established that the use of a seeder for different-depth grain sowing and mineral fertilizers application, depending on the spring weather conditions and the ammonium nitrate dose, provides an increase in field germination by 11-18%; the average annual increase in grain yield accounted for 16.3%. The gluten content proved to increase from 24.6 (control) to 29.8 percent.ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΡ Π‘ΠΠ-2,1 Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π·Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π³ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ, Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π·Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Ρ-36. ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π², Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π‘ΠΠ-2,1. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π°ΠΏΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Ρ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ 150 ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ: ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 0,44 ΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ β 6740 ΡΡΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ 150 ΠΈ 200 ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° 11-18 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²; ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Ρ Π·Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 16,3 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ 24,6 (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ) Π΄ΠΎ 29,8 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°