ENHANCED HUNT AND FIGURE CIRCUITS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO QUESTION EVALUATION ON ENCODED INFORMATION

We offer a typical plan to permit database users to exercise on one underlying cryptosystem, to describe their queries as functions inside a conceptually simple method, and also to effectively perform these characteristics on fully ciphered databases. We concentrate on a technique for hone these circuits regarding their depth and needed homomorphic operations. We perform thorough experiments to judge the performance of numerous doubt expressed worn our techniques from both a theoretical along with a practical delineation. Secrecy against a semi-fair DB salver is insure for why encrypted data can't be leaked forwhy of the semantic surety in our underlying SWHE plan. At the moment, the easiest method to look for attestation that sate a specific plight over encrypted databases is probably via searchable file encryption. We think that an SQL server is semi-honest. Second, we think that a DB use can also be hemi--honest however is not allow to conspire by having an SQL server. The drawback to the immediate jobs is that over time, its retreat decline towards the cheapest degree of data privacy administer by the weakest file encryption plan. A far more modest goal is to locate a mode to belittle using an FHE plan by load-balancing with group homomorphic list encryption consonant for the FHE plan. The suggested system courier more laborious question using a join of the enhanced circuit primitives. We express each cast up and bear in grapple form and shorten the amount of homomorphic trading operations using SIMD operations. Our solution supports fundamental conjunctive and disjunctive retrieval queries with united secan

Documenting the agriculture based indigenous traditional knowledge in Manipur State of North Eastern India

The North East Indian Himalayan Region (NEIHR) is bestowed with unique ethnicity and highly diversified biodiversity (flora and fauna) that are inherent to this region and inquisitive traditional practices. The region is a conservatory of indigenous knowledge and practices.  NE agriculture has its own merit, demerit, diversity and complex system which distinguishes it from the mainland agriculture of the country. Indigenous knowledge used in agriculture in various parts of Manipur is still less explored. Keeping this as the foremost point, survey was undertaken for collecting information on traditional knowledge in 8 districts of 15 villages of Manipur for identifying the different indigenous traditional knowledge (ITK) used in agriculture. Each district was surveyed and from each selected locality and interviewed through questionnaires for collecting relevant information on ITKs used in agriculture. Initially the detail information was collected from respondent farmers and further validated by triangulation method. 15 number of ITK has been documented and validated by triangulation method. There is a strong requisite to document and validate ITK before it gets lost with time. So, indigenous and modern approach may be combined as the so called “technology blending” for the evolution of new technology

Inter-sectoral Linkages and Multipliers of MGNREGA in a Rainfed Village in Karnataka: Applications of Social Accounting Matrix (SAM)

This chapter examines inter-sectoral linkages of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) interventions in a village economy of Karnataka state. This is done using framework of social analysis matrix (SAM) in Markabbinahalli village, a predominantly a rainfed village, of Bijapur District in northern Karnataka. An in-depth survey was done in 2013, SAM of 82 × 82 column and rows (activities) was constructed to analyze direct, indirect and inter-sectoral linkages of village level activities for year of 2012–13, in relation to MGNREGA interventions. The SAM analysis suggests that additional investment of Rs. 1 million by MGNREGA in the studied village increased 1.1% of total income of the village, provided a full employment to 18 households at the rate of 340 days of work per person per household annually at a wage rate of Rs. 300 per day. Major share of the MGNREGA investment went to indirect impact (84%), also known as multiplier effects of the investment. The net impact of MGNREGA on labour income in the studied village was weak due to expenditure to several activities that were produced outside of villages such as machinery uses in construction, skilled labour uses, etc. We suggest that making the programme more demand driven, taking more labour intensive work activities under MGNREGA would also ensure more circulation of MGNREGA expenditures within the local economy, which would produces more employment and income locally due to increased feedback and inter-sectoral linkage (or multiplier) effects

Organisational barriers to the facilitation of overseas volunteering and training placements in the NHS

Background Undertaking a period of voluntary work or a professional placement overseas has long been a feature of medical training in the UK. There are now a number of high profile National Health Service (NHS) initiatives aimed at increasing access to such opportunities for staff at all levels. We present findings from a qualitative study involving a range of NHS staff and other stakeholders which explored barriers to participation in these activities. Methods A grounded theory methodology was drawn upon to conduct thematic based analysis. Our data included in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a range of returned volunteers, non-volunteers and other stakeholders (n=51) who were, or had been, employed by the NHS. Results There are significant barriers to placement and volunteering activity stemming from structural and organisational shortcomings within the NHS. Difficulties in filling clinical roles has a significant impact on the ability of staff to plan and undertake independent placements. There is currently no clearly defined pathway within the NHS by which the majority of grades can apply for, or organise, a period of overseas voluntary or professional placement activity. There were divergent views on the relevance and usefulness of overseas professional placements. Conclusions We argue that in the context of current UK policy initiatives aimed at facilitating overseas volunteer and professional placement activity, urgent attention needs to be given to the structural and organisational framework within which such initiatives will be required to work

Deficient resident memory T-cell and Cd8 T-cell response to commensals in inflammatory bowel disease

Background Aims: The intestinal microbiota is closely associated with resident memory lymphocytes in mucosal tissue. We sought to understand how acquired cellular and humoral immunity to the microbiota differ in health versus inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Resident memory T-cells (Trm) in colonic biopsies and local antibody responses to intraepithelial microbes were analyzed. Systemic antigen-specific immune T- and B-cell memory to a panel of commensal microbes was assessed. Results Systemically, healthy blood showed CD4 and occasional CD8 memory T-cell responses to selected intestinal bacteria but few memory B-cell responses. In IBD, CD8 memory T-cell responses decreased although B-cell responses and circulating plasmablasts increased. Possibly secondary to loss of systemic CD8 T-cell responses in IBD, dramatically reduced numbers of mucosal CD8+ Trm and γδ T-cells were observed. IgA responses to intraepithelial bacteria were increased. Colonic Trm expressed CD39 and CD73 ectonucleotidases, characteristic of regulatory T-cells. Cytokines/factors required for Trm differentiation were identified, and in vitro-generated Trm expressed regulatory T-cell function via CD39. Cognate interaction between T-cells and dendritic cells induced T-bet expression in dendritic cells, a key mechanism in regulating cell-mediated mucosal responses. Conclusions A previously unrecognized imbalance exists between cellular and humoral immunity to the microbiota in IBD, with loss of mucosal T-cell-mediated barrier immunity and uncontrolled antibody responses. Regulatory function of Trm may explain their association with intestinal health. Promoting Trm and their interaction with dendritic cells rather than immunosuppression may reinforce tissue immunity, improve barrier function and prevent B-cell dysfunction in microbiota-associated disease and IBD etiology

Stellar structure and compact objects before 1940: Towards relativistic astrophysics

Since the mid-1920s, different strands of research used stars as "physics laboratories" for investigating the nature of matter under extreme densities and pressures, impossible to realize on Earth. To trace this process this paper is following the evolution of the concept of a dense core in stars, which was important both for an understanding of stellar evolution and as a testing ground for the fast-evolving field of nuclear physics. In spite of the divide between physicists and astrophysicists, some key actors working in the cross-fertilized soil of overlapping but different scientific cultures formulated models and tentative theories that gradually evolved into more realistic and structured astrophysical objects. These investigations culminated in the first contact with general relativity in 1939, when J. Robert Oppenheimer and his students George Volkoff and Hartland Snyder systematically applied the theory to the dense core of a collapsing neutron star. This pioneering application of Einstein's theory to an astrophysical compact object can be regarded as a milestone in the path eventually leading to the emergence of relativistic astrophysics in the early 1960s.Comment: 83 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the European Physical Journal

Activation of tumor suppressor protein PP2A inhibits KRAS-driven tumor growth

Targeted cancer therapies, which act on specific cancer-associated molecular targets, are predominantly inhibitors of oncogenic kinases. While these drugs have achieved some clinical success, the inactivation of kinase signaling via stimulation of endogenous phosphatases has received minimal attention as an alternative targeted approach. Here, we have demonstrated that activation of the tumor suppressor protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a negative regulator of multiple oncogenic signaling proteins, is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancers. Our group previously developed a series of orally bioavailable small molecule activators of PP2A, termed SMAPs. We now report that SMAP treatment inhibited the growth of KRAS-mutant lung cancers in mouse xenografts and transgenic models. Mechanistically, we found that SMAPs act by binding to the PP2A Aα scaffold subunit to drive conformational changes in PP2A. These results show that PP2A can be activated in cancer cells to inhibit proliferation. Our strategy of reactivating endogenous PP2A may be applicable to the treatment of other diseases and represents an advancement toward the development of small molecule activators of tumor suppressor proteins